Charles Stuart, Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay

1600 - 1649  (48 years)

• Name	Charles Stuart  [1, 2, 3]
  Title	Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay
  Suffix	I.
  Birth	18 Nov 1600	Fifeshire, Scotland   [3]
  Christening	23 Dec 1600	Edinburgh, Lothian, Scotland
  Gender	Male
  Death	30 Jan 1649
  Burial	Berkshire, England   [3]
  Person ID	I8400	footsteps
  Last Modified	1 Jul 2025

  
  

  Father	James Stuart, King of England, France and Ireland ,   b. 19 Jun 1566, Edinburgh, Lothian, Scotland d. 27 Mar 1625, Herefordshire, England (Age 58 years)
  Relationship	natural
  Mother	Anna Von Oldenburg, Queen Consort of England, France and Ireland ,   b. 12 Dec 1574, Denmark d. 2 Mar 1619, London, England (Age 44 years)
  Relationship	natural
  Marriage	23 Nov 1589	Copenhagen, Denmark
  Family ID	F4781	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family	Henrietta Maria De Bourbon, Queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland ,   b. 25 Nov 1609, Île-De-France, France d. 10 Sep 1669, Île-De-France, France (Age 59 years)
  Marriage	1 May 1625	Île-De-France, France
  Children	+ 1. Charles Stuart, King of Scotland England And Ireland ,   b. 29 May 1630, London, England d. 6 Feb 1685, London, England (Age 54 years)  [Father: natural]  [Mother: natural]
  Family ID	F4590	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	1 Jul 2025

  
  

• Notes

  King Charles I ( 1625 - 1649 ) 1625 - Charles I succeeds his father, James I. 1626 - Parliament attempts to impeach the Duke of Buckingham and is dis s o l ved by Charles. 1627 - England goes to war with France, but at La Rochelle the Duke of B u c k ingham fails to relieve the besieged Huguenots. 1628 - The Petition of Right a declaration of the “rights and liberties o f t h e s ubject" is presented to the King, who agrees to it under protest . 1628 - Physician William Harvey demonstrates the circulation of blood i n t h e b ody 1629 - Charles dissolves Parliament and rules by himself until 1640. 1630 - The colony of Massachusetts is founded in America 1633 - Work begins on the building which is now Buckingham Palace in Lo n d o n 1637 - Charles tries to force new prayer book on Scots, who resist by s i g n ing the National Covenant. 1639 - Act of Toleration in England established religious toleration 1640 - Charles summons the Short Parliament, which he dissolves three w e e k s later when it refuses to grant him money. 1640 - Long Parliament summoned, which lasts until 1660. It can only be d i s s olved by its members. 1641 - Abolition of the Star Chamber and Court of High Commission. 1642 - Charles fails in his attempt to arrest five MPs. 1642 - Outbreak of Civil War. Charles raises his standard at Nottingham . T h e R oyalists win a tactical victory the Parliamentary army at the Ba tt l e o f Edgehill but the outcome is inconclusive. 1643 - Royalists defeat Parliamentary army at Chalgrove Field, and take B r i s tol. Battle of Newbury is indecisive. 1644 - York is besieged by Parliamentary army until relieved by Prince R u p e rt. Royalists defeated at Marston Moor. 1644 - Oliver Cromwell and the Puritans enforce and Act of Parliament b a n n ing Christmas Day celebrations 1645 - Parliament creates New Model Army, which defeats the Royalist ar m y a t N aseby on 16 June. 1646 - Charles surrenders to the Scots, who hand him over to Parliament . 1646 - Negotiations take place between King and Parliament. King conspi r e s w ith Scots to invade England on his behalf. 1647 - Charles escapes to the Isle of Wight but is captured. He is trie d b y P a rliament and found guilty of high treason. 1648 - A Scots army supporting Charles is defeated at Preston. 1649 - Charles I is executed. There follows 11 years of rule by Parliam e n t a s the Commonwealth under Cromwell.

  
  

• Photos

  Charles I

  
  

• Sources

  [S157] England Marriages, 1538–1973, "England Marriages, 1538–1973", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NJ9Q-W8C : 13 March 2020), Charles I King Of England in entry for Charles II King Of England, 1662. [S168] England, Middlesex Parish Registers, 1539-1988, "England, Middlesex Parish Registers, 1539-1988", database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:68P5-11RF : 11 July 2022), Charles I in entry for Charles II, . [S29] Find A Grave Index. "Find A Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.family s e a r c h.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVJ1-BVCG : 12 December 2022), Charles I, ; B u r i a l , Windsor, Windsor and Maidenhead Royal Borough, Berkshire, Englan d , S t . G e orge's Chapel; citing record ID 1