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1272 - Edward learns that he has succeeded to the throne on his way hom e f r o m the Crusade
1274 - Edward is crowned in Westminster Abbey
1282 - Edward invades North Wales and defeats Llewellyn ap Gruffydd the l a s t r uler of an independent Wales
1284 - Independence of the Welsh is ended by the Statute of Rhuddlan
1290 - Edward's wife Eleanor dies at Harby in Nottinghamshire. Her body i s b r o ught back to London and a cross erected at each stop along the jou rn e y - G eddington, Hardingston, Waltham, and the most famous at Charing C r o s s.
1292 - Edward chooses John Balliol to be the new King of Scotland
1295 - Model Parliament is summoned
1295 - John Balliol reneges on his allegiance to Edward and signs allia n c e w ith King Philip IV of France
1296 - Edward invades Scotland, defeats the Scots at Dunbar and deposes B a l l iol. He then takes over the throne of Scotland and removes the Stone o f S c o ne to Westminster.
1297 - Scots rise against English rule and, led by William Wallace, def e a t E dward at the Battle of Stirling Bridge
1298 - Edward invades Scotland again and defeats William Wallace at the B a t t le of Falkirk
1299 - Edward marries Margaret of France
1301 - Edward makes his son Prince of Wales, a title conferred on every f i r s t born son of the monarchy ever since.
1305 - William Wallace is executed in London.
1306 - Robert Bruce is crowned King of Scotland
1307 - Edward attempts to invade Scotland again, but dies on his way no r t h | Plantagenet, King Of England Edward (I31)
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1284 - won a 10-year lawsuit with John de Kirkby over right to the Mano r o f A s h ton. | Ashton, Thomas De (I5701)
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1299: summoned to parliament ... became Lord Tosny/Tony. | De Toeni, Lord of Flamstead Ralph VII (I7642)
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1st Lord (Baron) (La) Zouche, so created by writ of summons to Parliame n t 6 F e b 1 2 98/9; b. 9 Oct 1267; undertook military service in Flanders, G a s c o n y and Scotland; fought in the vanguard at Battle of Falkirk (Edwar d I ' s v i c tory over William Wallace) 1298; Constable of Rockingham Castl e a n d K e e per of the forests between Oxford and Stamford bridges Feb 131 1/ 2 - F e b 1313/4. | La Zouche, 1st Baron Zouche Of Ashby Alan (I8046)
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875: after Emperor Louis II dies, Richard and Boso accompany Charles to I t a l y f o r his coronation.
882: Richard drives Boso out and imprisons his wife Ermengard, along wi t h h e r c h ildren Engelberga and Louis in Autun. Boso hides Provence.
888: After Charles the Fat died, Richard supports Rudolph's claim to be K i n g o f U p per Burgundy, and marries Adelaide, daughter of Conrad II of A u x e r r e.
890: Richard supports coronation of nephew Louis as King of Provence. | Bourgogne, Margarve And Duke Of Burgundy Richard (I7319)
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== Biography ==
== Sources ==
* S.C. Historical and Genealogical Mag., Vol. XXXIX
* Biographical Directory, S.C. House of Representatives, Vol. II
* Powell, Mary Pinckney. Back Over Home, The Heritage of Pinckneys of P i n c k n ey Colony, Bluffton, South Carolina. Columbia, South Carolina: Th e R . L . B r y an Company, 1982 and 1996. Page 51. | Pinckney, Mary Polly (I25673)
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== Biography ==
=== Name ===Adelbert (Albert) I, Count of Vermandois [ S t e w art Baldwin. Heribert II, The Henry Project. First uploaded 23 M a y 2 0 0 7 , revised 2008, 2011. http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hprojec t / p r o v/herib002.htm. Accessed May 24, 2017. [[Day-1904|jhd]] ] < r e f n a m e="ra5485"> Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colo n i a l a n d Medieval Families. Kimball G Everingham, Editor. Salt Lake C i t y , U t ah: By the Author, 2013. Volume V, p. 485
=== Titles ===
Comte de Vermandois
=== Parents ===
Adalbert was the son of Heribert II of Vermandois.
=== Birth ===His birth place and year is unknown, estimate 924 based on b r o t h e r Hugh's birth 920. Other sources estimate his birth year as ear l y a s 9 1 5 . [Detlev Schwennicke, Europ�ische Stammtafeln : S t a m m tafeln zur Geschichte der Europ�ischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band I I I T e i l band 1 (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 49. Cit e d b y W i k ipedia ] Another source indicates he is the son of Heribe r t I I c o m te de Vermandois and Adela, possible half-sister of Hugues Cap e t . < r e f name=Cawley />
=== Marriage to Heresinde ===He was married first to Heresinde UNKNOWN. N o k n o w n i ssue.
=== Marriage to Gerberge ===Adalbert I married Gerberge of Lorraine (Gerberga of Lotharingia).
She was born about 935, the daughter of Giselbert, duke of Lorriane or Lotharingia.
She died after 07 Sep 978.
=== Death ===: Adalbert de Vermandois died 8 SEP 987. [ C a w l e y, Charles. ''Medieval Lands: A prosopography of medieval European n o b l e a n d royal families''. Hosted online by the Foundation for Medieval G e n e a l ogy (FMG), accessed 2022, [https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/nfrava l v e r . htm#AlbertIdied987B Comtes de Vermandois].] or after.
=== Children ===
Adalbert and Gerberge had these children. Heribert was presumably the e l d e s t s on. Not much is known about any other offspring. Bishop Liudolf s e e m s t o b e accepted, on little evidence. . Gisele is presumably spuriou s , l i k e h er aunts.
Guy de Soissons is provisionally placed by MedLands in the previous gen e r a t i on, as Adalbert's brother, citing several explicit records, but th e r e s e e m to be possible difficulties with dates. French Wikipedia shows n e i t h e r placing.
# Heribert IV (954 - 29 Aug 993)
# Liudolf, Bishop of Noyon (957 - ante 09 Nov 986)
# Eleonore
== Sources ==
See also:
* [[Wikipedia: Adalbert I, Count of Vermandois]]* [[Wikipedia: fr: Albe r t I e r d e V ermandois Wikipedia (French) Adalbert I]] | Vermandois, Comte De Vermandois Adalbert (I7325)
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== Biography ==Birth date is listed as "autumn 1704".[S.C. Historic a l a n d G e nealogical Mag., Vol. XXXIX]
Biographical Directory, S.C. House of Representatives, Vol. II " I n D e c e mber, 1758, William suffered a paralytic stroke, but did not res i g n a n y o f his places."[Powell, Mary Pinckney. Back Over Home: The H e r i t a ge of Pinckneys of Pinckney Colony, Bluffton, South Carolina. Colu m b i a , S outh Carolina: R. L. Bryan Company, 1982 and 1996. Pages 29, 50 - 5 1 < / ref>]
The Pinckney Family Tree: [http://www.john-pinckney.co.uk/family/g1/p15 2 9 . h t m Major William Pinckney]
Information about this person can be found in "The Thomas Pinckney Fami l y o f S o u th Carolina" in volume 39 of ''The South Carolina Genealogical a n d H i s t orical Magazine'' in January 1938 at pages 15 to 35.
Information on this person can be found in an article titled ''Col. Mil e s B r e w ton and Some of His Descendents'' in vol. 2 (April 1902) of the S o u t h C a rolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine at pages 128-152.
== Sources ==
*This person was created through the import of 124-DeCoursey.ged on 13 S e p t e m ber 2010. The following data was included in the gedcom. You may w i s h t o e d it it for readability.
* WikiTree profile Pinckney-232 created through the import of GBS.ged o n O c t 5 , 2 0 12 by [[Salley-12 | George Salley]]. See the [http://www.wi ki t re e. c om/index.php?title=Special:NetworkFeed&who=Pinckney-232 Changes p a g e ] f o r the details of edits by George and others.
| Pinckney, Major William (I25682)
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== Biography ==Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath (died 25 July 1186, Durrow , L e i n s t er) was an Anglo-Norman magnate granted the lands of the Kingdom o f M e a t h b y Henry II in 1172, during the Norman Invasion of Ireland. He w a s t h e f i rst Norman Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
He was the son of Gilbert de Lacy (fl. 1150), 4th Baron Lacy. Hugh d e L a c y i s s a id to have had a dispute with Joce de Dinan as to certain land s i n H e r e fordshire in 1154. He was in possession of his father' s lands b e f o r e 1 163, and in 1165-6 held fifty-eight and three-quarters knights' f e e s , a n d had nine tenants without knight service.
In October 1171 he went over to Ireland with Henry II, and early in 11 7 2 w a s s e n t to receive the submission of Ruaidrï ¿ ½ Ua Conchobair (Rod er i c ) , k i ng of Connaught. Before Henry's departure about the end of Ma r c h L a c y w as granted Meath by the service of fifty knights and with al m o s t r o y al authority; he was also put in charge of Dublin Castle. | Lacy, Lord Of Meath Hugh (I7885)
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== Biography ==William Cotesworth Pinckney was called "Billy" by his fa m i l y . H e and his wife, Rebecca, had eleven children, four of whom died i n i n f a n cy. Some of his political offices held were: State Representativ e, S o u t h C arolina, at Jacksonborough in St. Bartholomew's Parish (1798- 180 6 ) , S p eaker of the State House of Representatives (1804-06), State S en a t o r ( 1806-10), Lieutenant Governor of S. C. (1820-22), State Represe n t a t i ve (1824-26), member of the Nullification Convention (1832-33), Tr u s t e e o f the South Carolina College (1804-05 and 1820-22). Member of th e E p i s c opal Church, died on 30 Dec. 1833, and was buried at the Chapel o f E a s e , E dmundsbury, near Ashepoo River. Rebecca lived many years longe r, d y i n g 2 3 Dec. 1865, and was buried beside him at Edmundsbury Chapel o f E a s e . R ebecca's death date is also listed as 25 Dec 1865.[Powell , M a r y P i nckney. Back Over Home, The Heritage of Pinckneys of Pinckney C o l o n y , Bluffton, South Carolina. Columbia, South Carolina: The R. L. B r y a n C o mpany, 1982 and 1996. Pages 30; 52-54; 59-60; 64; 68-71; 81.]
Members of the 16th General Assembly - 1804 to 1805This General Assembl y c o n v e ned in two regular sessions, held from November 26th to December 2 1 s t i n 1 8 04, and held from November 18th to December 19th in 1805. Will i a m C o t esworth Pinckney**, ** Elected Speaker of the House. Both Pinck n e y a n d A lston are identified, but dates are not known. Richard Gantt w a s e l e c ted as Clerk. (Francis-5937)
=== Burial ===
:Edmundsburg Old Church Cemetery, Colleton, South Carolina :[http://www . f i n d agrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=%2049071835 Find A Grave M e m o r i al# 49071835] (Should read "Edmundsbury")
== Sources ==
* Information about this person can be found in "The Thom a s P i n c kney Family of South Carolina" in volume 39 of ''The South Carol i n a G e n ealogical and Historical Magazine'' in January 1938 at pages 15 t o 3 5 .
* Powell, Mary Pinckney. Over Home: The Heritage of Pinckneys of Pinckn e y C o l o ny Bluffton, South Carolina. Columbia, South Carolina: R L Bryan C o m p a n y, 1982. | Pinckney, State Sen. Williiam Cotesworth (I25678)
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===1063 Marriage to Trahaearn ap Caradog===
Wolcott cites Dwnn that Gruffudd had a daughter, Nest, who married Trah a e a r n a p Caradog.
Cited by Darrell Wolcott, Ancient Wales Studies. [http://www.ancientwa l e s s t udies.org/id210.html The Consorts and Children of Gruffudd ap Llew e l y n ] | ferch Gruffudd, Nest (I9682)
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==Arnulf I of Flanders=='''Arnulf of Flanders''' (c. 890 - March 28, 96 5 ) , c a l led the Great, was the third Count of Flanders, who ruled the Co u n t y o f F landers, an area that is now northwestern Belgium and southwes t e r n N e therlands.
[[Category:Medieval Project, Flanders, in need of work]][[Category: Des c e n d a nts of Charlemagne]] [[Category: House of Flanders]]
}
==Arnulf I of Flanders=='''Arnulf of Flanders''' (c. 890 - March 28, 96 5 ) , c a l led the Great, was the third Count of Flanders, who ruled the Co u n t y o f F landers, an area that is now northwestern Belgium and southwes t e r n N e therlands.
Arnulf was the son of count Baldwin II of Flanders and �lfthryth of Wes s e x , d a ughter of Alfred the Great. Through his mother he was a descenda n t o f t h e A nglo-Saxon kings of England, and through his father, a desce n d an t o f C harlemagne. Presumably Arnulf was named after Saint Arnulf of M e t z , a p r ogenitor of the Carolingian dynasty.
At the death of their father in 918, Arnulf became Count of Flanders wh i l e h i s b rother Adeloft or Adelolf succeeded to the County of Boulogne. [ 1 ] H o w ever, in 933 Adeloft died, and Arnulf took the countship of Boul o g n e f o r himself, but later conveyed it to his nephew, Arnulf II.
Arnulf I greatly expanded Flemish rule to the south, taking all or part o f A r t o i s, Ponthieu, Amiens, and Ostrevent. He exploited the conflicts b et w e e n C harles the Simple and Robert I of France, and later those betwe e n L o u i s IV and his barons.
In his southern expansion Arnulf inevitably had conflict with the Norma n s , w h o w ere trying to secure their northern frontier. This led to the 9 4 2 m u r d er of the Duke of Normandy, William Longsword, at the hands of A r n u l f 's men.[5] The Viking threat was receding during the later years o f A r n u l f's life, and he turned his attentions to the reform of the Flem is h g o v e rnment.
===Timeline===* 918: Count of Flanders.["Elstrudis comitissa?cum fi l i i s s u is Arnulfo et Adelolfo" donated "hereditatem suam Liefsham?in te r r a A n g lorum in Cantia" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for the soul of "senio r i s s u i B aldwini", by charter dated 11 Sep 918. ]* responsible fo r a m a j o r expansion of Flemish territory to the south. He and his broth er j o i n e d the expedition of Raoul King of the Franks against the Norman s i n 9 2 5 a n d captured Eu. Count Arnoul inflicted a heavy defeat on the N o r m a n s in 926.
* 932: seized abbey of St Vaast, as well as Douai in Ostrevant. * 933: a f t e r b r other's death, seized Boulonnais and Ternois and disinherited ne p h e w s . * 934: alliance with H�ribert II Comte de Vermandois sealed by h i s m a r r iage to Vermandois' daughter.
Responding to raids by Guillaume Comte [de Normandie], Count Arnoul inv a d e d P o nthieu and in 939 captured Montreuil from Herluin Comte de Ponth i e u , a l though the county was later recaptured by Comte Guillaume's forc e s . " A r nulfus?regis?marchysus" restored property to Saint-Pierre de Ga n d b y c h a rter dated 8 Jul 941, signed by "?Baldwini filii Arnulfi march y s i, I s a ac comitis, Arnulfi filii eius, Theoderici comitis, Wenemari ad v o c a t i?".
After agreeing to meet Count Guillaume in 942 in order to settle the di s p u t e o ver Montreuil, Guillaume was murdered, presumably at Count Arnou l ' s i n s tigation. Count Arnoul was secure in his possession of Montreui l b y 9 4 9 . " Arnulfus Flandrie comes et marchisus" granted use of proper ty " S n e l lenghem in pago Flandrensi" to Saint-Pierre de Gand, for "uxore m e a ? A d ala atque?filio meo Balduino et filia mea Lietgardis" and for dece a s e d " B alduino genitore meo et Elstrudis genetrice mea atque Heeberto f i l i o m e o", and returned "in pago Hainau super fluvio Savo villam?Dulcia c a " , b y c harter dated 10 Jul 953.
After the death of his son in 962, Count Arnoul was obliged to cede Art o i s , O s trevant, Ponthieu and Amiens to Lothaire King of the West Franks i n o r d e r t o ensure the latter's support for the succession of Count Arno ul ' s i n f ant grandson to the county of Flanders.
"Arnulfus marchysus" donated property to Saint-Pierre de Gand by charte r d a t e d 5 M ay 962, signed by "?Baldwini advocati, Theoderici comitis?". " A r n u l fus?comes" donated "villam Canlin" to Saint-Pierre de Gand by char t e r d a t ed 17 Jun 962, signed by "?Balduini advocati?". An undated char t e r , d a ted to 962, records the last wishes of "marchysi Arnulfi", notin g t h a t " p ater meus et mater mea" were buried in the abbey of Saint-Pier re d e G a n d .
=== Research Notes ===[[Flandre-47|Gottfried (Flandre) Verdun (-1002)]] a n d [ [ F l andre-46|Arnold Flandre (abt.0940-1002)]] have been detached as h i s s o n s d ue to lack of evidence.
===Links===
* [[Wikipedia: Arnulf I of Flanders]]
== Sources ==
* Article on MEDLANDS: https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/F L A N D E RS,%20HAINAUT.htm#ArnoulIdied964B*Article on Henry project: https: / / f a s g.org/projects/henryproject/data/arnul000.htm* F l o doard of Reims. [[Space:Flodoardi Chronicon|Flodoardi Chronicon ] ] < / i > (Reims : Regnier, 1855) Records his death in the [http://books.g o o g l e .com/books?id=krYMAQAAMAAJ&vq=965&pg=PA156 year 965]. | Flandre, Third Count Of Flanders Arnoul (I7355)
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==Biography==
===Birth, Parents, Siblings===
Adelais de Troyes was born, say, 954. Her parents were married by 950, w h e n t h e ir oldest child was born. If she was the third, her estimated b i r t h w o uld be 954.
There is some question about her parents, but they are most likely Robe r t d e V e r mandois and his wife Adelaide.
One reason for the question is that she appears to have a sister with a s i m i l a r name. While in fact and in documents, Adela, Adele, Adelais, an d A d e l a ide are often used interchangeably, for the purposes of these si st e r s , t his sister is referred to as Adelais or Adelaide, while [[Verma n d o i s -351|the other sister]] is referred to as Adele or Adela.
===Marriage to Charles, Duke of Lorraine===
Baldwin refers to her as the unnamed wife of Charles, duke of Lorraine a n d n o t e s that "This conjecture is based on a passage in Historia Franco r u m S e n onensis, which states that Charles married a daughter of count H e r i b e rt of Troyes." [ The Henry Project. Compiled by S t e w a r t Baldwin. First uploaded 23 May 2007. Revised version uploaded 2 4 A p r i l 2 008 (Added information on two supposed children Ad�la�de and A rc h e m b aud, plus additional minor corrections)[http://sbaldw.home.mindsp r i n g . com/hproject/prov/rober005.htm Robert].]
Accessed Feb 27, 2017. [[Day-1904|jhd]]
Cawley eliminates Heribert, son of Robert, born about 950, as too young t o b e C h a r les' father in law. Cawley also eliminates H�ribert II Comte d e V e r m a ndois, father of Robert, who was not Comte de Troyes. [ Charles Cawley. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. Medie v a l L a n d Database, Champagne - Troyes.[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ c h a m t royes.htm#Robertdied967 Robert] Accessed June 6, 2017. [[Day-1904 | j h d ] ] ]
Baldwin notes that the same passage falsely makes Charles into a son of k i n g L o t hair, when he was in fact a brother [ Settipani (1993), 337-8, n. 1 0 1 0 , c i ted by Stewart Baldwin, Henry Project. ] Cawley, followin g S e t t i pani's conjecture, makes Charles' unnamed wife to be Adelais de T r o y e s , born between 950 and 951, died after 991), a second daughter of R o b e r t w ith a name similar to the first, who married about 970 Charles d e F r a n c e, son of Louis IV "d'Outremer" King of the Franks & his wife Ge rb e r g a v on Sachsen. [ Charle Cawley, Foundation for M e d i e v al Genealogy. Medieval Lands Database. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/M e d L a n ds/CHAMPAGNE%20NOBILITY.htm#dauRobertM970CharlesFrance Champagne N o b i l i ty] ]
===Charles===
Charles de France was son of Louis IV "d'Outremer" King of the Franks a n d h i s w i fe Gerberga von Sachsen. [ Cawley, Foundation f o r M e d i eval Genealogy, Medieval Lands Database [http://fmg.ac/Projects/ M e d L a nds/NORTHERN%20FRANCE.htm#Robertdied967A Northern France] ]
Charles was born in Laon the summer of 953.
He was in prison in Orl�ans after 991 and was buried in 1001 Maastricht , S t S e r v atius. He was invested as Duke of Lower Lotharingia by Emperor O t t o I I i n M ay 977.]
== Sources ==
| Vermandois, Adelais (I9815)
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==Biography==* Information about this person can be found in "The Thoma s P i n c k ney Family of South Carolina" in volume 39 of ''The South Caroli na G e n e a logical and Historical Magazine'' in January 1938 at pages 15 t o 3 5 .
* Birth Date from [https://books.google.com/books?id=4ymLIuc3BasC&pg=RA 1 - P A 1 51&lpg=RA1-PA151&dq=William+PINCKNEY+and+Deborah+WEBB&source=bl&ot s = c l J HB_33q4&sig=uDpV6HQX6IfynA3vXkzQphvovm0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=A2LnVJqLEYKL y A S c i YDQDA&ved=0CDYQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=William%20PINCKNEY%20and%20Debor a h % 2 0 WEBB&f=false "The South Carolina Historical Magazine, Volume 9, Is s u e s 1 - 3", Page 151]
* Dates from http://records.ancestry.com/elizabeth_pinckney_records.ash x ? p i d =37392443
== Sources ==
| Pinckney, Elizabeth (I25672)
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==Biography==Uctred[Joseph Bain, ed, ''Calendar o f D o c u m ents relating to Scotland Preserved in Her Majesty's Public Reco rd O f f i c e, London.'' (Edinburgh: H M General Register House, 1881), I:3 , D i g i t al Image ''Internet Archive'' (https://archive.org/stream/calend ar o f d o cume01edin#page/2/mode/2up accessed 12 September 2017). No 13. o r ' ' 'Huctred son of Waldef'''][Joseph Bain , e d , ' ' C alendar of Documents relating to Scotland'', [https://archive. or g / s t ream/calendarofdocume01edin#page/448/mode/2up I:449], No 2287. o r ' ' 'Huctred of Tynedale'''][James Balfour P a u l , e d ., ''The Scots Peerage: Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert D o u g l a s's Peerage of Scotland, containing an Historical and Genealogical A c c o u n t of the Nobility of that Kingdom'', 9 vols (Edinburgh: David Doug l a s , 1 9 07), I:504-5, Digital Image ''Internet Archive'' (https://archiv e . o r g /stream/scotspeeragefoun01paul#page/504/mode/2up accessed accessed 1 2 S e p t e mber 2017).] (or Gothric[Sir Archi ba l d H D u n bar, Bart, ''Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish H i s t o r y 1005-1625 with Notices of the Principal Events Tables of Regnal Y e a r s , P edigrees, Calendars, etc.'', (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1899), 4 3 , D i g i tal Image ''Internet Archive'' (https://archive.org/stream/scott i s h k i ngsre00dunbuoft#page/42/mode/2up accessed 12 September 2017). ) o r U c htred FitzWaltheof][Robertson, 1862] (FitzWalde v e ) < r ef name=gff>Goldsborough, Feist & Feist, 2011 of TynedaleWikipedians, n.d.
b. after 1070
===Parents===Uctred was the son of Walleof
====Disputed Parents====There is no evidence for the statement in the ' ' C i t y o f Sheffield'' that Uctred was the son of Waltheof who married Ju d i t h o f L ens in 1070.[C. P. Lewis, `Waltheof, e ar l o f N o r thumbria (c.1050-1076)', ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biog r ap hy ' ' , Oxford University Press, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb / 2 8 6 4 6, accessed 26 March 2024). Waltheof (c.1050-1076): doi:10.1093/re f : o d n b/28646.] Waltheof and Judith had two daughters:# Maud, born b e t w e e n 1070 and 1076, married 1) Simon (I) de Senlis, earl of Northampt o n a n d o f H untingdon and 2) David, later king of Scots;[# Alice, also known as Judith, born between 1070 and 1076, mar r i e d R a lph de Tosny]
Some sources state Waltheof and Judith had a third daughter.
In 1086, Waltheof's widow, Judith, owned some 200 rural manors mainly s c a t t e red between Lincoln, Leicester, Northampton, Bedford, and Cambridg e , w i t h h ouses in several east midland towns.
At the end of 1113 David, who was to become Davide I, king of Scotland, w a s g i v e n by Henry I, king of England, the rich, highly born heiress, Ma u d o r M a t ilda de Senlis (d. 1131), the daughter of Waltheof, earl of No r t hu m b ria, and Judith (died in or after 1086), the widow of Simon (I) d e S e n l i s (or St Liz, died 1111-3), who would have been approaching fort y w h e n s h e married David. Through this marriage, David acquired propert y s t r e t ching from south Yorkshire to Middlesex, but mainly in the shire s o f N o r t hampton, Huntingdon, Cambridge, and Bedford, which formed what c a m e t o b e k nown as the `honour of Huntingdon'. King Henry I also grante d h i m a n e a rldom, but to assign the names Huntingdon or Northampton to t h i s e s t ate before the mid-twelfth century is anachronistic. When the Se n l i s f a mily and the Scottish royal house vied for control of the honour , w h i c h w as never partitioned, the former preferred the title earl of N or t h a m pton (given by Stephen), while the Scots simply spoke of the hono u r o f H u n tingdon without using any territorial style.[ G . W . S. Barrow, `David I (c.1085-1153)', ''Oxford Dictionary of Na t i o n a l Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2006 ( h t t p s ://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/7208 accessed 14 Sept 2017).]
If Huctred was the son of Waltheof and Judith, he would have inherited t h e s e e s tates, not their daughters.
===Marriage and Children===
Uctred married Beth�c circa 1085.
Uctred married Beth�c had children:#[[Tynedale-4|Hestilla or Hextilda]] , w h o m a r ried [[Comyn-6|Richard Comyn/Cumyn]],[ c i r c a 1 105.]
===Records referring to "Uctred son of Walleof", "Uchtred son of Waldef " a n d " H u ctred son of Waldef"===
In 1130-1, at Northumberland, Uctred, son of Walleof, rendered an accou n t f o r 2 0 m arks of silver, three palfreys, and three coursers for the l i b e r ti es of soc and sac which the king, Henry I of England [reigned 110 0 - 1 1 3 5], had granted him. He paid to the Treasury 5 marks of silver an d s t i l l o wes 15 marks of silver, three palfreys, and three coursers.
'''Uchtred filius Waldef'' was a juror in the ''Inquisitio per David Pr i n c i p em Cumbrensen de terris Ecclesiae Glasguensi pertinentibus facta'' w h i c h w a s witness by, among others, ''Cospatric frater Dalfin, Waldef fr a t e r s u us. Cospatric filius Uctred, Uhctred filius Scot''.[46. Digi t a l I m a ge ''Internet Archive'' (https://archive.org/stream/earlyscottis h c h a 0 0lawruoft#page/46/mode/2up/, accessed 13 Sept 2017). Charter L. L a u rie, in his notes regarding this charter, remarks that the writ e r o f t h e c harter added a list of witnesses that included the leading p e o pl e a s sociated with David when he was an earl, which he probably made u p b e c a u se there was no grant or act to attest; that the jurors, in the o p i n i o n of Dr Prescott were Cumbrenses judices, although he doesn't agre e t h a t U c htred was as he doesn.][299, 304. Digital Image ''Internet A r c h i v e'' (https://archive.org/stream/earlyscottishcha00lawruoft#page/29 8 / m o d e/2up/, accessed 13 Sept 2017). Charter L.]
On 8 February 1261/2, Henry III, king of England, confirmed to John Com y n t h e g r ant by David king of Scotland and his son, Earl Henry [died 11 5 2 , e a r l of Huntingdon from 1136, earl of Northumberland from 1139] , t o R i c h a rd Comyn, John's great-grandfather, and his wife Histilla, and t he i r h e i rs, lands in Tindale, viz Wallewie, Thornton, Staincroft and He t h i n g ishale, which was the heritage of Histilla's father, Huctred, son o f W a l d e f, just as King Henry's grandfather, King Henry [II], had previo us l y c o n firmed the grant by charter to Richard and Hestilla.
==Research Notes==Robertson's statement "Uchred the son of Waltheof was s l a i n i n t he time of Canute, and his brother Eadulf Cudel only succeeded t o t h e h e r editary dominions beyond the Tyne;"[Eben William Robertson , ' ' S c o tland Under Her Early Kings: A History of the Kingdom to the Clo se o f t h e T h irteenth Century'', (Edmonston and Douglas, 1862), I:442; D igi ta l I m a ge ''Internet Archive'', .] does not refer to Histilla's f a t h e r , Huctred, son of Waldef, because Cnut died in 1035.[M. K. Law s o n , ` C nut (d. 1035)', ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxf o r d U n i versity Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2013 (https://doi.org/10.10 9 3 / r e f:odnb/4579 accessed 15 Sept 2017).] Uhtred, earl of Bamburgh , s o n o f W a ltheof, was murdered in 1016 after which his brother, Eadulf C u d e l , s ucceeded to the earldom.[William M. Aird, `Uhtred, earl of B a m b u r gh (d. 1016)', ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford U n i v e r sity Press, 2004 (https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/27981 accessed 1 5 S e p t 2 0 17).] Histilla and her first husband, Richard Comyn, wer e g r a n t ed the heritage of her father Huctred, son of Waldef, by King He nr y I I , w h o reigned from 1154 until 1189. If Histilla was the daughter o f U c h r e d who was slain in the time of Canute, she would have been 138 y ea r s o l d a t the beginning of Henry II's reign.
Line 121A Nos 23-25 in Weis' ''Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colo n i s t s '',[Frederick Lewis Weis, ''Ancestral Roots of Certain America n C o l o n ists who Came to America Before 1700: The Lineage of Alfred the G r e a t , C harlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of T h e i r D e scendants'', Genealogical Publishing Com, 1992 [https://books.go o g l e . com.au/books?id=XLqEWwa7fT8C&lpg=PP1&vq=tynedale&pg=PA108#v=snippe t & q = h uctred&f=false 108]] calls him '''Huctred of Tyndale, son of W a l d e f ''' citing ''The Scots Peerage'', I:504-555 (a typo for 504-5 IMHO [ [ T h o m pson-14289|Thompson-14289]] 20:42, 13 September 2017 (EDT)],
== Sources ==
See also:*Goldsborough, E., Feist, P. & Feist, M.W., (2011). The Hous e o f G o l d sborough: Goldsborough: From 6th Century England to Colonial A me ri c a , ( pp.261). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Ek8iwcgtTNwC&lpg=P A 2 6 1 & dq=Uchtred%20(Uchtred)%20%22of%20Tynedale%22&pg=PA261#v=onepage&q= U c h t r ed%20(Uchtred)%20%22of%20Tynedale%22&f=false Google Books]*Roberts o n , E b e n William. (1862). Scotland Under Her Early Kings: A History of t h e K i n g dom to the Close of the Thirteenth Century, (Vol.1, pp.442). Edm o n s t o n and Douglas. [https://books.google.com/books?id=pobSAAAAMAAJ&dq= U c h t r ed%20Lord%20of%20Tynedale&pg=PA442#v=onepage&q=Uchtred&f=false Goo g l e e B o ok].*Wikipedians, (n.d.). City of Sheffield (Part 1 of 3, pp.66) . P e d i a P ress. [https://books.google.com/books?id=PCEKGAoMuL0C&lpg=PA66 &d q = U c htred%20(Uchtred)%20%22of%20Tynedale%22&pg=PA66#v=onepage&q=Uchtr e d % 2 0 (Uchtred)%20%22of%20Tynedale%22&f=false Google Books]. | FitzWaltheof, Uctred (I9856)
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A captain in Cromwell's Parliamentarian army who, accompanying the expe d i t i o n under Admiral William Penn and Venables, was present at the conq u e s t o f J amicia in 1655, and subsequently obtained the command of Bluef i e l d ' s fort on the island. His commission having been made out in the n a m e o f R i cketts, he and his descendants ever since have retained that s p e l l i ngof the name." (Burke)
William lived in Ridgeland, Jamicia and later moved to Jersey, USA in16 6 5 . H e o w ned vast holdings in Jamicia and Maryland. William (Ricards ) r i c k e t ts, served with Cromwell's army during the British civil war. This p l a c e s h im in the army opposing his father. William was reported to have m a r r i e d twice. It is believed that his marriage was in 1656 , wife unkno w n , a n d h is second marriage was to Mary Goodwin in 1672. Goodwin's are l i s t e d i n Maryland as early as 1638. | Ricketts, Captain William Henry Blackiston (I9022)
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A description of Henry Smith by his son, Samuel, in a letter to Samuel' s s o n , I c hobod: ". ...He was five foot ten inches tall and spare of bui ld , t h o n o t leane . He was active as the R'd Skin Men & sinewy. His del i gh t e w a s in sportes of strengthe, & withe his owne hands he did help t o r e a r b o the our house and the firste meeting house in Wethersfield whe re r e i n h e preacht year ees to fewe. He was well Featured & Fresh favore d w i t h f a ire Skin & long curling hair (as near all of us had) wi th a m er r i e e y e & swete smiling Mouthe, tho he coulde frowne sternlie eno' wh e n n e e d w as...I remembered ye sweetnesse & ye Charity of my firste Fart h e r . "
He studied at Kings College in Cambridge, England in 1619-1620, and was o r d a i n ed by the Bishop of Peterborough on June 8, 1623. Henry came with h i s w i f e , four children, four men servants, and four maid servants on a s h i p w i t h John Driver, masterer, sailing from Weymouth, England in 1636. T h e y s e t tled first in Watertown, Mass., and in March of 1636, Rev. Smith a n d s i x o t her men were appointed commissioners, giving them full power b y t h e M a s sachusetts legislature to govern Connecticu t f o r on e year. O n D e c e m ber 5, 1637, Henry and his wife were admitted to communion at th e W a t e r town Church.
In 1638, the family removed to Wethersfield, Conn. and Rev. Henry was t h e f i r s t ordained minister there. His homelot consisted of five acres a n d w a s b o unded by the Wethersfield Green and the burying ground . Accor d i n g t o a n article in thn the " C o n necticut Nutmegger", there was gr e a t d i s satisfaction with the leadership of Rev. Smith (the wealthy ruli n g e l d e r of the church, Clement Chaplin, incited rebellion in the flock a g a i n s t Rev. Henry and the people brought grievancvances agains t hi m ) , a n d b e c a use of this, the Connecticut legislature asked that he "lay down h i s p l a c e, if it be done according to God". Rev. Henry refused to resign , a n d t h e c ourt found that there was no basis to the complaints . As a r e s u l t , Mr. Chapli n and o th er s were fined for what they had done aga i n s t R e v. Smith. In 1637, Henry Smith from Wethersfield was one of 90 m e n w h o j o ined in the Pequot-Narrigansett War in Rhode Island . | Smith, Reverend Henry (I9345)
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A genealogy of the descendants of William Kelsey, who settled at Cambri d g e , M a ss. Vol1 #8 pg 53 A Genealogy of the Ingersoll family in Americ a 1 6 2 9 - 1925 Pg 129 | Kelsey, Stephen (I8997)
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A kinsman of William the Conqueror, in Normandy he was Count of Brionne a n d L o r d o f Orbec and Bienfaite. In England after the 1066 invasion he w a s g i v e n lordship over the large Honour of Clare, and the castle of Ton b r i d g e in Kent . | Clare, Richard Fitzgilbert (I7286)
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A large estate owner and knight, he was a supporter of Lancaster and Ar u n d e l i n the local wars. | De Peshall, Thomas (I1070)
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A medieval English countess, she was the wife of both Gilbert de Clare, 4 t h E a r l o f Hertford and 1st Earl of Gloucester and Richard, 1st Earl of C o r n w a ll (son of King John of England). With the former,she was a great g r a n d p arent of King Robert the Bruce of Scotland.
She had proven child bearing ability and the ability to bear healthy so n s ; a s e v idenced by her six young children, three of whom were sons. Th e s e w e r e most likely the reasons for both the proposal of marriage from R i c h a r d, 1st Earl of Cornwwall, and Isabel's acceptance of it, despite t h e f a c t t hat her husband had just died five months previously. The two w e r e m a r ried on 30 March 1231 at Fawley Church, much to the displeasure o f R i c h a rd's brother King Henry, who had been arranging a more advantage ou s m a t c h for Richard. Isabel and Richard got along well enough, though R i c h a r d had a reputation as a womanizer and is known to have had mistres s e s d u r ing the marriage. | Marshal, Isabel (I8155)
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A minor at his father's death, Longespé e was knighted by his cousin He n r y I I I a t Gloucester at Whitsuntide 1233, but he must have attained hi s m a j o r ity before that since Henry had intended to knight him at Easter 1 2 3 0 . M o reover, in March 1230 Countess Ela was instructed to surrender t o W i l l i am all the lands she held of inheritance as the wife of William ( I ) L o n g espé e, along with other propertie s granted to her son by Henry i n 1 2 2 8 ? 9; and in November 1230 Willilliam paid homage for the lands cla im e d b y h i s wife, Idonea, as of heredit ary right. Earlier that year, h e h a d a c c ompanied Henry III on his ill- fated expedition to Brittany. T hi s w a s h i s first taste of military action, and for the rest of his sho r t l i f e h e was to be closely associated with his royal cousin, largely i n a m i l i t ary capacity. In the autumn of 1233, during the rebellion of R icha r d M a r shal, earl of Pembroke , he was at Henry's side in the operat ion s a g a i nst the Welslsh and other supporters of the earl. In 1234 he w as e n g a g ed in the pursuit and ar rest of Peter des Rivaux. After return ing f r o m h i s first crusade, he played a leading role in Henry III's exp edit i o n t o G a scony in 1242?3. The number of royal charters he attested t h e r e , a nd the fact that he generally heads the list of lay witnesses, i n d i c a tes his high standing in the king's regard and counsels. He fought a t t h e b a t t le of Saintes (July 1242), and was appointed captain of a nu mb e r o f s u bsequent operations, including the siege of Garro in 1243. Ba c k i n E n g land, Longespé e went in royal service to Wales in June 1245, i n r e s p o nse to the Welsh rising o f 1244/5 under Dafydd ap Llywelyn." (R ef : O x f o rd Dictionary of National Biography) | Longespée, William (I791)
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About 830 Liudolf married Oda, daughter of a Frankish princeps named Bi l l u n g a nd his wife Aeda. By marrying a Frankish nobleman's daughter, Li u d o l f f ollowed suggestions set forth by Charlemagne about ensuring the i n t e g r ity of the Carolingian Empire in the aftermath of the Saxon Wars t h r o u g h marriage. Oda died on 17 May 913, supposedly at the age of 107.
In 845/846, Liudolf and Oda traveled to Rome in order to ask Pope Sergi u s I I f o r p ermission to found a house of secular canonesses, duly estab l i sh e d a t their proprietary church in Brunshausen around 852, and moved i n 8 8 1 t o f o rm Gandersheim Abbey. Liudolf and Oda 's minor daughter Hat hu m o d b e came the first abbess. | van Billung, Oda (I9808)
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Acceded 1209. Raymond V Berenger was the last and most illustrious of t h e R o y a l Provencal Counts; and, even had he not been the sovereign of t h e l a n d o f song, his own verses would have entitled him to a distinguis h e d r a n k among the Troubadour poets. He was a relatively impoverished c o u n t w h o could provide little dowry for his daughters. | Berenguer, Ramon IV (I7966)
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According to an 11th-century genealogy composed for the Count of Anjou, A l a n I ' s s on, Pascweten the Younger, was the father of Judicael Berengar , w h o s e s on was Conan I, Duke of Brittany, founder of the House of Renn es
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== Biography ==It seems highly likely that the witness to documents kno w n b y t h e B reton name of Juhel (Judha�l or Judica�l) is the same person a s a n o t h er witness known under the Frankish name B�renger and the Life a nd t r a n s lation of St Gildas written in the middle of the eleventh centu ry c o n f i rms he was known by both names.
His first definite mention in a document, as B�renger is dated to 944 b u t h e c o u ld be the signatory to earlier documents as well. He signed u n d er J u h ael in about 950 and several times under various names in the l a t e r 9 5 0's. B�renger and his son Conan are named in a Papal Letter of P o p e J o h n XIII (reigned 965-972), dated to about 970, and it seems he ha d d e f i n itely died before 16 August 979 when his son Conan was at the co ur t o f C o u nt Eudes of Chartres.[Stewart_Baldwin]
'''Judica�l "Juhael" (d. 970 or by 979), Comte de Rennes,'''[http://fmg . a c / P rojects/MedLands/BRITTANY.htm#_Toc437414724][http://sbaldw.home.mi n d s p r ing.com/hproject/prov/juhel000.htm][alias: Judicael alias Bere n g a r ; [http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/juhel000.htm] Juh e l , J u d hel, Judhael in Breton sources, Berengarius or Berengarii in Fra n k i s h , sometimes both names given together.] witnessed charters of A l a n I I , D uke of Brittany, and on the latter's death apparently fell und e r t h e c o ntrol of Wicohen, Archbishop of Dol. Later sources report the r e s c u e o f Judicael and his (unnamed) wife by his son Conan I. He appear s t o h a v e b een dead by 979, when his son was at the court of Odo I, Cou nt o f B l o i s.
=== Disputed Parentage ===An eleventh century collection of Angevin gen e a l o g ies names B�renger as the son of [[Vannes-16|Pascwethen]], the son o f A l a i n I t he Grand, King of Brittany. This is Baldwin's preferred opt io n .
The other possibility is that he is the son of another Count B�renger o r t h a t B �rengar and Juhel are father and son, rather than the same. Th is o p t i o n is preferred by Cawley, who also gives an unnamed daughter of G u r v a n d, Duc de Bretagne as Judica�l's mother. But as Cawley notes, thi s i s b a s e d on a much later publication (''Histoire de Bretagne'', by A. L e M o y n e d e la Borderie, published 1898) that doesn't cite any primary d oc u m e n ts.
There have been various attempts to identify B�renger the father, with v a r i o u s men of the period, but there is no reliable evidence for any of t h e s e c o njectures. Including a recent hypothesis that Juhael B�renger i s t h e g r a ndson of B�renger II de Bayeux, Marquis de Neustria[see Fr en c h W i k ipedia article]
Several [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/12155729/pers o n / 1 9 49606335/facts Ancestry.com family trees] have Berenger de Bayeux a n d h i s w i fe Judith de Rennes as his parents but there seems to be no ev i d e n c e Judith de Rennes existed.
'''Disputed Father: Count Berengar vs. Pascwetan the younger'''
Disputed) Father: Count Berengar[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTA N Y . h t m#_Toc437414724] ''OR'' Pascwetan[http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.co m / h p r oject/prov/juhel000.htm]
Conflicting accounts either make him son and successor to a count Beren g e r ( s o metimes Berengar of Rennes, sometimes with that man's supposed m a t e r n al grandson of the same name) and a daughter of Gurvand, Duke of B r i t t a ny.[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY.htm#_Toc437414724] An o t h e r 1 1th-century collection of Angevin genealogies shows him to be so n o f P a s c weten, son of [[Bretagne-47|Alan I, joint duke of Brittany]].[ ht tp : / / sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/juhel000.htm]
* (disputed) Mother: UNKNOWN de Bretagne (father: Gurwent (Gurvand), Du k e o f B r i ttany[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY.htm#_Toc4374147 2 4 ]
=== Disputed wife ===Gerberga or Gerberge is listed as his wife in seve r a l s o u rces, but although Gerberge married a man named B�renger, there s e e m s t o b e no evidence to equate him with Juhel B�renger.[Stewart_B a l d w i n]
=== Children ===
He was definitely the father of;
#Conan I de Rennes, Comte de Bretagne#Unnamed sons and daughters[Ba l d w i n q uotes a document of Conan I, where he makes a donation mentionin g t h e s o u ls of his brothers and sisters but with no details or names.]
And possibly the father of:#Meen (or Main) I, Seigneur de Foug�res, die d 1 0 2 0 < ref>Cawley has his name with brackets suggesting he is unsure, a nd B a l d w in thinks this is a later invention#Enoguen, sister of Ma in d e F o u g �res, wife of Tristan de Vitr�.[mentioned again by Cawley w i th b r a c kets, not discussed at all in Baldwin]
'''There is an extensive commentary about this person, and his origins a n d p o s s ible family relationships on [http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/ h p r o j ect/prov/juhel000.htm The Henry Project] website. Please view thi s d o c u m ent before making any changes'''
----"According to an 11th-century genealogy composed for the Count of A n j o u , A lan I's son, Pascweten the Younger, was the father of Judicael B e r e n g ar, whose son was Conan I, Duke of Brittany, founder of the House o f R e n n e s" (Wikipedia 04 Feb 2016).[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_I ,_ K i n g _of_Brittany#Reputed_connection_with_House_of_Rennes] ... Cawley ( 2 0 0 6 , d isagrees, naming no spouse or children for Pascwethen.[http://fm g . a c / Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY.htm#_ftnref84] He further states that J u d i c a el, Comte de Rennes was the the son of Berengar, whose parents are U N K N O W N.[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY.htm#_ftnref1564] The H e n r y P r oject, however, debates the possibility that Pascweten the Young e r i s t h e f ather of Juhel Berenger, but makes no confirmation of lineag e . [h t t p://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/juhel000.htm]
===Marriage===m. UNKNOWN or Gerberge UNKNOWN.Issue: 1 - 3.[http://sbald w . h o m e.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/juhel000.htm][http://fmg.ac/Project s / M e d Lands/BRITTANY.htm#_Toc437414724][The Henry Project claims 1 c h i l d , w hiie Cawley (2006), states there were 3.]
m. (unproven) '''Gerberge''' UNKNOWN. Issue: 3.[http://fmg.ac/Projects/ M e d L a nds/BRITTANY.htm#_ftnref1566]
* Conan I, Count of Brittany (d. 27 June 992).[http://sbaldw.home.minds p r i n g .com/hproject/prov/juhel000.htm]* Conan de Rennes, Comte de Rennes , l a t e r C onan I "le tort," Duke of Britanny (d. 27 Jun 992 Conquereil)< re f > C h ronicle of Nantes
* (disputed/unproven) Meen (d. 1020), Seigneur de Foug�res.[http://fmg. a c / P r ojects/MedLands/BRITTANY.htm#_Toc437414724]* (unproven) Meen, Sei g n e u r d e Foug�res (d. 1020).[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY.h t m # _ f tnref1566]
* (disputed/unproven) Enoguen.[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY . h t m # _Toc437414724]
::: m. Triscan de Vitr�* Enoguen[http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITT A N Y . h tm#_ftnref1566][Chronique de Vitr�]::: m. Tris c a n " T r istan" de Vitre (d. 1045; p. Rivallan de Vitre and Junargonda)
===Titles===
ante 944: Count of Rennes
alias: B�renger
== Research Notes ==N1. At best his father is uncertain and it is more l i k e l y t hey are unrelated. I have changed the LNAB of this profile back t o R e n n e s, please don't change it to Bayeaux without further discussion
N2. Note: ref: [http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia] (05 May 10)
J u d i c a el alias Berengar was Count of Rennes in the mid-to-late 10th cent u r y . T h ere are conflicting accounts of his parentage, one popular solu t i o n m a king him son and successor to a count Berenger (sometimes identi f i e d w i th Berengar of Rennes, sometimes with that man's supposed matern a l g r a n dson of the same name) by a daughter of Gurvand, Duke of Brittan y . H o w e ver, an 11th century collection of Anjevin genealogies shows hi m t o b e s o n o f Pascweten, son of Alan I, King of Brittany.
He is first documented as count in 944. He witnessed charters of Alan I I , D u k e o f Brittany, and on the latter's death apparently fell under th e c o n t r ol of Wicohen, Archbishop of Dol, later sources reporting the re sc u e o f J u dicael and his (unnamed) wife by son Conan. He appears to ha v e b e e n d ead by 979, when his son was at the court of Odo I, Count of B l o i s .
== Sources ==
*[http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/juhel000.htm "Juhel [ a l i a s ] B�renger." The Henry Project.] Juhel (ante 944 - by 979). "Juhel a l i a s B �renger Count of Rennes, before 944-965x979." The Henry Project. W e b . * [ http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/henry.htm Sbaldw. ''The H e n r y P r oject: the ancestors of king Henry II of England''.]*[http://sba l d w . h ome.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/pascw000.htm "Pascweten fl. 895x 9 0 3 . " T he Henry Project. ]* [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY.h t m # _ T oc359762284Cawley, Charles, 'Brittany, Dukes & Nobility: Chapter 8 A . C o m t es de Rennes'], *[http://fmg.ac/projects/medlands in ''Medieval L a n d s : A p rosopography of medieval European noble and royal families'',] * [ h t t p://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY.htm#_ftnref84 MedLands] (the n e p h e w , died after around 900, not the uncle) Cawley (2006). "Pascwethen ( d . a f t e r 05 Feb 897/26 Nov 903)." Medieval Lands. Web. *'[http://fr.wik i p e d i a.org/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A9renger_II_de_Neustrie&oldid=1010048 2 6 B �renger II de Neustrie', ''Wikip�dia, l'encyclop�die libre''.]
* [[Wikipedia: Alan I, King of Brittany#Children]] | Berengar Rennes, Comte De Rennes Judicael (I7273)
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According to one legend, still recounted by tour guides at Falaise, it a l l s t a r ted when, the young Duke of Normandy saw Herleva from the roof o f h i s c a s tle tower. The walkway on the roof still looks down on the dye in g t r e n ches cut into stone in the courtyard below, which can be seen t o t h i s d a y from the tower ramparts above. The traditional way of dyeing l e a t h e r or garments was for individuals to trample barefoot on the garme n t s w h i ch were awash in the dyeing liquid in these trenches. Herleva, l e g e n d g oes, seeing the Duke on his ramparts above, raised her skirts pe r h a p s a b it more than necessary in order to attract the Duke's eye. The l a t t e r w as immediately smitten and ordered her brought in (as was custom a r y f o r a ny woman that caught the Duke's eye) through the back door. He r l e v a r efused, saying she would only enter the Duke's castle on horseba c k t h r o ugh the front gate, and not as an ordinary commoner. The Duke, f i l l e d w ith lust, could only agree. In a few days, Herleva, dressed in t h e f i n e st her father could provide, and sitting on a white horse, rode p r o u d l y through the front gate, her head held high. This gave Herleva a s e m i - o fficial status as the Duke's mistress. | De Falaise, Herleve (I8580)
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According to Simeon of Durham, Ecgfrida seems to have been left by both o f h e r h u s bands. After her marriage with Kilvert fell apart, her father m a d e h e r r eturn to Durham ... where she became a nun, and was supposedly b u r i e d i n the yard of the church. | Durham, Ecgfrida (I9852)
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According to the Vita Hludowici, in 827, he was named to replace the de p o s e d M atfrid as Comes Aurelianensium. Odo, along with Heribert, a rel a t i v e , possibly his cousin, were exiled in April 830 by Lothair I and O r l e a n s confiscated. Matfrid was reinstated.
He belonged to the Udalriching family. | De Orléans, Comté De Orléans Eudes (I7856)
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Adela of Normandy also known as Adela of Blois and Adela of England "an d a l s o A d ela Alice Princess of England" (c. 1062 or 1067 - 8 March 1137 ?) w a s , b y m arriage, Countess of Blois, Chartres, and Meaux. She was a d au g h t e r of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders. She was also t h e m o t h er of Stephen, King of England and Henry of Blois, Bishop of Win c h e s t er. | Normandie, Adele (I7590)
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Adélaïde of Paris (Aélis) (German: Adelheid von Friaul; c. 850/853 - 10 N o v e m b er 901) was a Frankish queen. She was the second wife of Louis the S t a m m e rer, King of West Francia and mother of Charles the Simple.
Adelaide was daughter of the count palatine Adalard of Paris. She was c h o s e n b y Charles the Bald, King of Western Francia, to marry his son an d h e i r , L ouis the Stammerer, despite the fact that Louis had secretly m ar r i e d A nsgarde of Burgundy against the wishes of his father. Although L o u i s a n d Ansgarde already had two children, Louis and Carloman, Charles p r e v a i led upon Pope John VIII, to dissolve the union. This accomplished, C h a r l e s married his son to Adelaide in February 875. However, the marria g e w a s c a lled into question because of the close blood-kinship of the p a i r . W h en on 7 September 878 the pope crowned Louis (who had succeeded h i s f a t h er in the previous year), the pope refused to crown Adelaide. | Paris, Queen Of Western France Adelaide (I9902)
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Adele had a strong interest in Baldwin V's church reforms and was behin d h i s f o u nding of several collegiate churches. Directly or indirectly, s h e w a s r e sponsible for establishing the Colleges of Aire (1049), Lille ( 1 0 5 0 ) a n d H arelbeke (1064) as well as the abbeys of Messines (1057) a n d E na m e ( 1063).
After Baldwin's death in 1067, she went to Rome, took the nun's veil fr o m t h e h a nds of Pope Alexander II and retired to the Benedictine conven t o f M e s s ines, near Ypres. There she later died and was buried at the c on ve n t . H onoured as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church, her commemora t i o n d a y is 8 September.
Adele's influence lay mainly through her family connections. On the dea t h o f h e r b rother, Henry I of France, the guardianship of his seven-yea r - ol d s o n Philip I fell jointly on his widow, Ann of Kiev, and on his b r o t h e r-in-law, Adela's husband, so that from 1060 to 1067, they were Re g e n t s o f France. | Le Capet, Countess Of Normandy Adele (I7361)
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Adele was both a Carolingian as well as a Robertian Frankish noblewoman w h o w a s t h e Countess of Flanders (934-960).
[[Category:House of Vermandois]]
[[Category:County of Flanders]]
[[Category:House of Flanders]]
[[Category:Carolingian Dynasty]]
== Biography ==Adele was both a Carolingian as well as a Robertian Fran k i s h n o blewoman who was the Countess of Flanders (934-960). [ Wikipedia. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adele_of_Vermandois A d e l e o f V ermandois] ]
===Name===*Adele[ Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry : A S t u d y i n Colonial and Medieval Families. Kimball G Everingham, Edi tor. S a l t L a ke City, Utah: By the Author, 2013. Volume V, p. 485 *A d �l e < ref name="henry"> Stewart Baldwin. Heribert II, The Henry P roje c t . F i rst uploaded 23 May 2007, revised 2008, 2011. http://sbaldw .ho m e . m indspring.com/hproject/prov/herib002.htm. Accessed May 24, 2017 . [ [ D a y -1904|jhd]] ]
===Birth===Since birth order and birth years of the children are unknow n , e s t i mate her as the second child, born two years after Eudes, theref o r e 9 1 7 .
Cawley estimates a birth year of 910. This reflects a reading of a 907 d o c u m e nt which leads him to believe that Adele's mother was already marr i e d i n 9 0 7. [ Cawley, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval L a n d s D a tabase. Adele of Vermandois. http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ H O L L A ND.htm#_Toc359915623. ]
Adele, born c. 910-915[1] was a daughter of Herbert II of Vermandois an d h i s w i f e, Adele, daughter of Robert I of France.[2] She died in 960 i n B r u g e s.
===Marriage===In 934 Ad�le married Arnulf I, count of Flanders.
In 934 Adele married Count Arnulf I of Flanders (c. 890 - 965). Her m a r r i a ge to Arnoul was arranged to seal the alliance made in 934 between h e r f a t h er and her future husband.
There is no record of additional marriages for Adele.
===Death and Burial===She died in 960.
==Issue==Together Adele and Arnulf had the following children:
#Hildegarde,[a] born c. 934, died 990; she married Dirk II, Count of Ho l l a n d . It remains uncertain if Hildegarde was Arnulf's daughter by his f i r s t w i fe, whose name was not preserved, or by his second wife Adele. S e e : H e a ther J. Tanner, Families, Friends and Allies: Boulogne and Polit i c s i n N o rthern France and England, C.879-1160 (Brill, Leiden, Netherla n d s , 2 0 04) p. 55 n. 143
#Egbert, died 953.
#Elftrude; married Siegfried, Count of Gu�nes.
== Sources ==
See also:
* https://fasg.org/projects/henryproject/data/adele000.htm* Detlev Schw e n n i c ke, Europ�ische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europ� i s c h e n Staaten, Neue Folge, Band III Teilband 1 (Marburg, Germany: J. A . S t a r g ardt, 1984), Tafel 49* The Annals of Flodoard of Reims, 916-966, e d s . & t r a ns. Steven Fanning: Bernard S. Bachrach (New York; Ontario, Ca n : U n i v ersity of Toronto Press, 2011), pp. 21 n. 77, 92* Detlev Schwenn i c k e , E urop�ische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europ�isc h e n S t a aten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 19 8 4 ) , T a fel 5* Heather J. Tanner, Families, Friends and Allies: Boulogne a n d P o l i tics in Northern France and England, C.879-1160 (Brill, Leiden, N e t h e r lands, 2004) p. 55 n. 143 | Vermandois, Countess Of Flanders Adelaide (I7363)
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Adelina of Holland (c. 990 - c. 1045) was the daughter of Arnulf, Count o f H o l l a nd, and Lutgardis of Luxemburg. She married firstly Baldwin II, C o u n t o f B oulogne (with whom she had Eustace I of Boulogne), and secondl y E n g u e rrand I of Ponthieu. | De Holland, Adele (I9909)
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Adelolf, Count of Boulogne (died 933), was a younger brother of Arnulf I , C o u n t o f Flanders and was granted the County of Boulogne by his fathe r.
He was a son of Baldwin II, Count of Flanders, and of Ælfthryth, daught e r o f A l f red the Great. He was probably named for his maternal great-gr a n df a t her, King Æthelwulf of Wessex. Baldwin II's extensive lands and m a n y o f f ices in what is now the north of modern France and the west of B e l g i u m were divided among his sons on his death in 918. The elder, Arnu l f , b e c ame Count of Flanders while Adelolf succeeded his father as coun t o f S a i n t-Pol, Count of Boulogne and of Thérouanne. He was also the la y a b b o t o f the Abbey of Saint Bertinus (Saint-Bertin) at Saint-Omer.
}
==Research Notes==
Wives and Children currently linked on Wikitree need to be researched. S o m e s h o uld be delinked following research.[[Day-1904|Day-1904]] 05:33, 2 O c t o b e r 2017 (EDT)
== Biography ==
===890 Name, Birth, Parentage===
Adalolf, also called Adalulf, and a range of other variations, was most l i k e l y t he second son, of Baldwin II, Count of Flanders, and his wife, A E l f t h ryth of Wessex, the third daughter of Alfred 'the Great', King of W e s s e x .
Richardson reports that Adalolf (or Adolf) was one of two sons of Baudo u i n I I , t he Bald, Count/Marquis of Flanders 879-918, Count of Artois an d L a y - a bbot of Saint-Vaast, 892-899, Lay-abbot of Saint-Bertin, 900, Co un t o f B o u logne, 898?-918, Count of Ternois, about 892-918, born about 8 6 3 -8 9 5 . [ Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, 2013. V o l 5 , p a g e 495 ]
The Genealogica Arnulfi Comitis names (in order) "Arnulfum, fratrem eiu s A d e l u lfum" as the two sons of "Balduinus"[79].
Stewart Baldwin states, however, that "Adalolf is falsely called a uter i n e b r o ther of Arnulf."
Adalolf (�thelwulf) was named after his great-grandfather �thelwulf, ki n g o f W e s sex. [ Stewart Baldwin. '[http://home.e a r th l i nk.net/~henryproject/hproject/prov/baldw002.htm Baldwin II "the B a l d " ( B audouin "le Chauve", ''Balduinus Calvus'')]' updated 25 November 2 0 0 7 . I n ' 'The Henry Project: The ancestors of king Henry II of England' ' v i e w e d 19 March 2017]. Accessed October 2, 2017. [[Day-1904|jhd]] < /r e f >]
Adalulf (or Adolphe, Allou, Athelwulf) of Flanders (born ca 890) was co u n t o f
Boulogne-sur-Mer & Th�rouanne (Ternois) in 918, later co-count ofFlande r s & a b b o t of Saint-Bertin. [ Peter Stewart [http: / /ar c h i ver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/GEN-MEDIEVAL/2004-01/107334464 8 R e M a u d d e St. Pol] 5 Jan 2004. First Response in answer to a questi on b y D o n M a tson, 5 Jan 2004: "Need birthdate of Maud de St. Pol Sur-M er d e T h e r ouanne, wife of Hugo/Hugh de Cavalcamp b. ca. 890 near Dieppe o r M a e r , N ord Trondalag, Norway. Was Maud also married 1st to Guillaum e I d e P o n t hieu? Was Maud a dau. of Adolf de Boulgogne Sur-Mer de Ther ouan ne w h o d . 9 33 & wife Mahaut Crequy or Ragnvald Olafsson, of Agdar & w i f e T h o ra Sigurdsdottir???". Accessed October 1, 2017. [[Day-1904|jhd ] ] < / r e f>]
Adalolf [�thelwulf] de Flandres was born after 893/99. [ C h a rles Cawley. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/FLANDERS,%20HAINA U T . h t m Medieval Lands Database: Flanders] Accessed October 2, 2017. [ [ D a y - 1904|jhd]] ]
===Marriage===
The name of his wife, or whether he had a wife, is not known.
[[Flandre-56|Adaloif de Flandre]] was previously linked to two profiles o f w i v e s , which are most likely duplicates: [[Crequy-3|Mahaut (Crequy) d e B o u l o gne]] and [[De Crequy-13|Mahaut De Crequy]], born 875. These pr of i l e s h ave been delinked from Adaloif.
===918 Succession of Father===
He succeeded his father in 918 as Comte de Boulogne-sur-Mer, de Th�roua n n e , a n d lay-Abbot of St Bertin.
He succeeded his father as count of Boulogne and Ternois and lay-abbot o f S a i n t -Bertin in 918.
"Adalolphus" is named son of Count Baudouin II in the Cartulaire de Sai n t - B e rtin, which specifies that he succeeded his father in 918 as Comte d e B o u l o gne-sur-Mer, de Th�rouanne, and lay-Abbot of St Bertin[80].
===933 Death===
He died 13 November 933.
Dying on 13 November 933, he was buried in the church at Saint-Bertin a n d w a s s u cceeded by his brother Arnulf
He died 13 Nov 933 and was buried Gent St Pieter).
The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 933 of "Adalulfus comes", s p e c i f ying that he was buried "in monasterio sancti Petri"[82].
===Issue===
Per Curt Hofemann, he knows of no sources giving Adaloff a wife or any c h i l d r en. So this is very 'iffy' as to his being the father of Maud de S t . P o l .
The fact that Adalolf was succeeded by his brother rather than a son ca s t s d o u bt on the possibility of children.
'''Documented Children'''
#Name unknown. His legitimate children were a son (name unknown) who w a s e x e c uted before September 962 (no recorded descendants),
#[[Boulogne-25|Arnulf de Boulogne]]. Arnulf I, count of Boulogne-sur- M e r ( d i ed after 31 January 972) who _may_ (NB not proven) have been anc e s t o r o f the later counts of Boulogne. [ L e o v a n d e P as and Ian Fettes. Genealogics. [http://www.genealogics.org / g e t pe rson.php?personID=I00331100&tree=LEO Adalolf Comte de Boulogne] B a s e d o n E urop�ische Stammtafeln, J.A. Stargardt Verlag, Marburg, Schwen n i c k e , Detlev (Ed.). Last modified 6 April 1999. Accessed Sept 23, 20 1 8 [ [ D a y-1904|jhd]] ]#Balduin. This Adalulf of Flanders _may_ als o h a v e h a d an illegitimate son named Balduin (Baldzo, Bauces), who was r u l e r o f F landers as guardian of Count Arnulf II ca 864, and died in 973 . < r e f n a me="stewart"/>
'''Other children previously linked on WikiTree''
===Parents===
[[Flandre-56|Adalolf, Comte de Boulogne]], was previously shown as the f a t h e r o f [[Mer De Therouen-1|Polsur (Mer De Therouen) De Ponthieu]], bo r n 0 9 0 0 a nd [[De St Pol-1|Maud (De St Pol) St Pol,]] born 0904, Maer, N o r w a y . ''Since Adalolf was not likely born earlier than 890, the poss i b i l i ty of him siring a daughter in Norway at the age of 14 is quite im p r o b a ble. No other documentation has appeared suggesting that he had s u c h a d a u ghter. These are probalby the same person, and cannot have be e n t h e d a ughter of Adalolf. They have been delinked.
== Sources ==
See also:* Phillips, Weber, Kirk and Staggs Families of the Pacific Nor t h w e s t, by Jim Weber, rootsweb.com
=== Acknowledgments === | Flandre, Count of Boulogne Adalolf (I9912)
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Advisor of King Dagobert I
639: Appointed maior domus in Austrasia
He was loved by the Austrasians "for his concern for justice and his go o d n ess" | Pippinid, Saint Pepin the Elder (I44617)
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Afonso I, was the first King of Portugal. He achieved the independence o f t h e s o u thern part of the Kingdom of Galicia, the County of Portugal, f r o m G a l icia's overlord, the King of Leon, in 1139, establishing a new k i n g d o m and doubling its area with the Reconquista, an objective that he p u r s u e d until his death, in 1185, after forty-six years o f wars against t h e M o o r s.
Afonso I was the son of Henry of Burgundy and Theresa, the natural born d a u g h t er of King Alfonso VI of Leon and Castile. The pair reigned jointl y a s C o u n t and Countess of Portugal until Henry's death, after which Th er es a r e i gned alone. Afonnso was about three years old when his father C o u n t H e nry, died on 12 May 1112 during the siege of Astorga. In an effo r t t o p u r sue a larger share in the Leonese inheritance, his mother Ther e s a m a r ried Fernando Pï rez, Count of Trava, the most powerful count in G a l i c i a.
The Portuguese nobility disliked the alliance between Galicia and Portu g a l a n d r allied around the infant Afonso. The Archbishop of Braga was a l s o c o n cerned with the dominance of Galicia, apprehensive of the eccles i a s t i cal pretensions of his new rival the Galician Archbishop of Santia g o d e C o m postela, Diego Gelmirez, who had claimed an alleged discovery o f r e l i c s of Saint James in his town, as a way to gain power and riches o v e r t h e o ther cathedrals in the Iberian Peninsula. In 1122 , Afonso tur n e d f o u rteen, the adult age in the 12th century. He made himself a knig h t o n h i s o wn account in the Cathedral of Zamora, raised an army, and p r o ce e d ed to take control of his mother's lands. | Of Portugal, King Of Portugal Afonso I (I7594)
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After John's death in 1267, she remarried, Richard D'Amundeville.
After John's death in 1267, she remarried, Richard D'Amundeville. | Le Botiller, Countess Of Arundel Maud (I8054)
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Agnes de Longueville Countess of Braine-sur-Vesle, Dame de Fere-en-Tar d e n o i s , de Pontarcis, de Nestle, de Loungueville, and de Quincy.
She married Milon III, Comte de Bar-sur-Seine, son of Guy II de Brienn e , C o m t e d e Bar-sur-Seine and Petronille de Chacenay.4 Agnes de Longue v il l e w a s b orn circa 1130 at France | De Braine de Baudement-De Rochefort En Y, Agnès (I7910)
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Agnes II of Nevers or Agnes II of Donzy , born about 1205 and died in 1 2 2 5 , i s c ountess consort of Saint Pol from 1221 to 1225 .Agnes became t h e h e i r ess of the counties of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre after the de a t h o f h e r brother Guillaume (about 1207/14). | Donzy, Agnes (I7546)
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Agnes of Aquitaine (Spanish: Inés) was a member of the House of Poitou a n d a n I b e rian queen in the 11th-century. She was first queen of León, t h e n a l s o of Castile by her marriage to Alfonso VI.
Contemporary records show Agnes to have been daughter of William VIII, D u k e o f A q uitaine and his second wife Matilda, whose origins are uncerta i n . S h e h as been confused with a half-sister of the same name who was a l s o a n I b erian queen, Agnes, wife of Peter I of Aragon and Navarre. | of Aquitaine, Queen of León and Castile Agnes (I9877)
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Agnes was the youngest of the seven children in this family. As the you n g e s t h er birth date could easily be closer to 1120. With a first marri a g e t o W i lliam Roumare approx 1143 per Cawley, with william death after 1 1 5 1 . T h ere was second marriage and death date is guess 1161-71. | Aumale, Agnes (I5777)
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Ailbíne ingen Ailello of Ard Ciannacht, a minor kingdom of the coast no r t h o f t h e River Boyne | Ailello, Ailbene ingen (I9622)
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Ailill mac Dúnlainge (831 - 871) was a King of Leinster of the Uí Muire d a i g s e pt of the Uí Dúnlainge branch of the Laigin. This sept had their r o y a l s e at at Maistiu (Mullaghmast) in South Kildare in what is now Irel a n d . H e w as the son of Dúnlaing mac Muiredaig (died 869), a previous ki n g . H e r u led from 869-871.
There is much confusion in the king lists during this period for Leinst e r . A i l ill is the first person awarded the title King of Leinster in th e A n n a l s of Ulster at his death notice since 838. Francis John Byrne su gg e s t s t hat the root of this apparent confusion lay in the fact that th e U í D ú n l ainge kings exercised little real authority due to the aggress io ns o f t h e ir western neighbour Cerball mac Dúnlainge (died 888), King o f O s r a i ge. Cerball, while unable to install himself as king of Leinster , w a s a b l e to prevent any rival king exercising real power there.
In 870 the high king Áed Findliath (died 879) invaded Leinster and over r a n i t f r om Áth Cliath (Dublin) to Gabrán. Meanwhile, his ally Cerball m a c D ú n l ainge (died 888) of Osraige invaded Leinster from the west. He r e a c h e d Dún Bolg where his camp was attacked by the Laigin who were at f i r s t s u ccessful, but in a counter-attack they were put to flight. Ailil l ' s n a m e is not connected with these events which state that Muiredach m a c B r a i n was the King of Leinster who fought the forces of Cerball. The F r a g m e ntary Annals give a lengthy account of this event and state that C e r b a l l met up with the high king's forces at Belach Gabrán (the pass of G o w r a n i n east-central Osraighe) but both forces then retired and the ho s t a g e s of the Laigin were not taken.
In 871 Ailill was killed by the Vikings of Dublin. | Dúnlainge, Ailill mac (I6481)
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Alan Fitz Flaald became a close friend of Henry (c.1068-1 December 1135 ) , a l s o k nown as Henry Beauclerc, later King Henry I of England, during t h e p e r i od when Henry controlled Mont Saint Michel as Count of the Conte n t i n . | Fitzflaald, Alan (I7529)
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Albert I, Duke of Lower Bavaria (German: Albrecht; 25 July 1336 - 13 De c e m ber 1404), was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, a n d Z e eland in the Low Countries. Additionally, he held a portion of the B a v a rian province of Straubing, his Bavarian ducal line's appanage and s e a t , Lower Bavaria.
Albert was born in Munich, the third son of Louis IV, Holy Roman Empero r , [ 1] by his second wife Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut and Holland. A l b e rt was originally a younger son, apportioned at best an appanage. He w a s o n ly 10 years old when his father died, leaving most of his Bavarian i n h e ritance to his eldest half-brother, Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, but al s o s o me appanages to the younger sons. | Albert, I (I44639)
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Albert the Magnanimous KG, elected King of the Romans as Albert II (10 A u g u st 1397 - 27 October 1439), was emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and a m e m b er of the House of Habsburg. By inheritance he became Albert V, Duke o f A u s tria. Through his wife (jure uxoris) he also became King of Hungar y, C r o atia, Bohemia, and inherited a claim to the Duchy of Luxembourg.
Albert was born in Vienna as the son of Albert IV, Duke of Austria, and J o a n na Sophia of Bavaria.
He succeeded to the Duchy of Austria at the age of seven on his father' s d e a th in 1404. His uncle Duke William of Inner Austria, then head of t h e r i valing Leopoldinian line, served as regent for his nephew, followe d b y h i s brothers Leopold IV and Ernest the Iron in 1406. The quarrels b e tw e en the brothers and their continued attempts to gain control over t h e A l bertinian territories led to civil war-like conditions. Neverthele s s , A lbert, having received a good education, undertook the government o f A u s tria proper on the occasion of Leopold's death in 1411 and succeed ed , w i th the aid of his advisers, in ridding the duchy of the evils whi c h h a d arisen during his minority.[3] | Germany, Graf Von Habsburg Albrecht Von Habsburg II Of IX (I8396)
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Alexander Stewart (1214 - 1283) was 4th hereditary High Steward of Scot l a n d f r om his father's death in 1246. He was also known as Alexander of D u n d o n ald.
A son of Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland by his wife Bethó c , d a u g h ter of Gille Crí st, Earl of Angus, Alexander is said to have ac co m p a n ied Louis IX of France on the Seventh Crusade (1248-1254). In 125 5 h e w a s o n e of the councillors of King Alexander III, though under age .
He was the principal commander under King Alexander III of Scotland at t h e B a t t le of Largs, on 2 October 1263, when the Scots defeated the Norw e g i a n s under Haakon IV. The Scots invaded and conquered the Isle of Man t h e f o l l owing year, which was, with the whole of the Western Isles, then a n n e x e d to the Crown of Scotland. | Stewart, 4th High Steward Of Scotland Alexander (I7823)
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Alfonso VI (c. 1040/1041[a] - 1 July 1109[2]), nicknamed the Brave (El B r a v o ) o r the Valiant, was king of León (1065-1109),[3] Galicia (1071-11 0 9 ) , [ b] and Castile (1072-1109).
After the conquest of Toledo in 1085, Alfonso proclaimed himself victor i o s i s simo rege in Toleto, et in Hispania et Gallecia (most victorious k i n g o f T o ledo, and of Spain and Galicia).[5] This conquest, along with E l C i d ' s t aking of Valencia would greatly expand the territory and influ en c e o f t h e Leonese/Castilian realm, but also provoked an Almoravid inv a s i on t h at Alfonso would spend the remainder of his reign resisting. Th e L e o n e se and Castilian armies suffered decisive defeats in the battles o f S a g r a jas (1086), Consuegra (1097) and Uclés (1108), in the latter of w h i c h h i s only son and heir, Sancho Alfónsez, died, and Valencia was aba n d o n e d but Toledo remained part of an expanded realm that he passed to h i s d a u g hter. | Castile, King of León Alfonso VI of León and (I1239)
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Alfred the Great (also spelled Ælfred; c. 849 - 26 October 899) was Kin g o f t h e W e st Saxons from 871 to 886, and King of the Anglo-Saxons from 8 8 6 u n t i l his death in 899. He was the youngest son of King Æthelwulf an d h i s f i r st wife Osburh, who both died when Alfred was young. Three of A l f r e d 's brothers, Æthelbald, Æthelberht and Æthelred, reigned in turn b e f o r e h im. Under Alfred's rule, considerable administrative and militar y r e f o r ms were introduced, prompting lasting change in England.[2]
After ascending the throne, Alfred spent several years fighting Viking i n v a s i ons. He won a decisive victory in the Battle of Edington in 878 an d m a d e a n a greement with the Vikings, dividing England between Anglo-Sa xo n t e r r itory and the Viking-ruled Danelaw, composed of Scandinavian Yo r k, t h e n o rth-east Midlands and East Anglia. Alfred also oversaw the co n ve r s i on of Viking leader Guthrum to Christianity. He defended his king d o m a g a inst the Viking attempt at conquest, becoming the dominant ruler i n E n g l a nd.[3] Alfred began styling himself as "King of the Anglo-Saxons " a f t e r r eoccupying London from the Vikings. Details of his life are de sc r i b e d in a work by 9th-century Welsh scholar and bishop Asser. | Wessex, King Of Wessex Alfred (I9914)
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Alice's age at the time of the marriage agreement in 1239 is unknown , h o w e v e r, since her groom was aged 4 at the time, it should be assumed th a t b o t h w ere young children and that the marriage would not become effe c t i v e f or some years.
To assign a date, make Alice 3 years younger than Roger de Tony and thu s 1 y e a r o l d in 1239 and born in 1238. | Bohun, Alice (I7836)
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