| Notes |
- Jan Van Cleef, born in 1627, is said to have been from Cleef, Holland. L and was at a premium and there was little room to expand. He immigrated t o America in 1653 with promises of jobs and free land. New Amsterdam wa s a 17th-century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Ma nhattan Island, which was a forested virgin wilderness, inhabited by na tive Americans and small groups of European settlers, who navigated not b y roads or even forest paths but by the watery highways of the region: t he Hudson, Delaware Rivers, etc.. He was among early settlers who spoke s ome 10 languages, helping develop North America’s first multicultural c ity. There was plentiful hunting and on his farm he could grow a wide a rray of garden crops to be sold in local markets. Fort Amsterdam contai ned the Dutch Reformed Church, a tavern and a strategic port. New Amste rdam was renamed New York on September 8, 1664, in honor of the then Du ke of York (later James II of England), in whose name the English had c aptured it. In 1667 the Dutch gave up their claim to the town and the r est of the colony, in exchange for control of the Spice Islands in the E ast Indies.
Jan Van Cleef, born in 1627, is said to have been from Cleef, Holland. L a nd was at a premium and there was little room to expand. He immigrated t o A merica in 1653 with promises of jobs and free land. New Amsterdam wa s a 1 7th-century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Ma nhat tan Island, which was a forested virgin wilderness, inhabited by na tiv e Americans and small groups of European settlers, who navigated not b y r oads or even forest paths but by the watery highways of the region: t h e Hudson, Delaware Rivers, etc.. He was among early settlers who spoke s o me 10 languages, helping develop North America’s first multicultural c i ty. There was plentiful hunting and on his farm he could grow a wide a r ray of garden crops to be sold in local markets. Fort Amsterdam contai n ed the Dutch Reformed Church, a tavern and a strategic port. New Amste r dam was renamed New York on September 8, 1664, in honor of the then Du k e of York (later James II of England), in whose name the English had c a ptured it. In 1667 the Dutch gave up their claim to the town and the r e st of the colony, in exchange for control of the Spice Islands in the E a st Indies.
Jan Van Cleef, born in 1627, is said to have been from Cleef, Holland. L and was at a premium and there was little room to expand. He immigrated t o America in 1653 with promises of jobs and free land. New Amsterdam wa s a 17th-century Dutch settl ement established at the southern tip of Ma nhattan Island, which was a forested virgin wilderness, inhabited by na tive Americans and small groups of European settlers, who navigated not b y roads or even forest paths but by the watery highways o f the region: t he Hudson, Delaware Rivers, etc.. He was among early settlers who spoke s ome 10 languages, helping develop North America’s first multicultural c ity. There was plentiful hunting and on his farm he could grow a wide a rray of garde n crops to be sold in local markets. Fort Amsterdam contai ned the Dutch Reformed Church, a tavern and a strategic port. New Amste rdam was renamed New York on September 8, 1664, in honor of the then Du ke of York (later James II of England), in w hose name the English had c aptured it. In 1667 the Dutch gave up their claim to the town and the r est of the colony, in exchange for control of the Spice Islands in the E ast Indies.
Jan Van Cleef, born in 1627, is said to have been from Cleef, Holland. L a nd was at a premium and there was little room to expand. He immigrated t o A merica in 1653 with promises of jobs and free land. New Amsterdam wa s a 1 7th-century Dutch se ttlement established at the southern tip of Ma nhat tan Island, which was a forested virgin wilderness, inhabited by na tiv e Americans and small groups of European settlers, who navigated not b y r oads or even forest paths but by the watery high ways of the region: t h e Hudson, Delaware Rivers, etc.. He was among early settlers who spoke s o me 10 languages, helping develop North America’s first multicultural c i ty. There was plentiful hunting and on his farm he could grow a wide a r ra y of garden crops to be sold in local markets. Fort Amsterdam contai n ed the Dutch Reformed Church, a tavern and a strategic port. New Amste r dam was renamed New York on September 8, 1664, in honor of the then Du k e of York (later James II of E ngland), in whose name the English had c a ptured it. In 1667 the Dutch gave up their claim to the town and the r e st of the colony, in exchange for control of the Spice Islands in the E a st Indies.
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