| Notes |
Two of Charlemagne's children are easily confused because both were cal l e d P e p in:
Pepin, called Pepin the Hunchback, was born about 770 to Charlemagne an d H i m i l trude who was either his mistress or wife according to Germanic c u s t o m . He is not known to have had children.
Carloman, was named Carloman at birth about 777 to Charlemagne and his w i f e H i l degard, but baptized with the name Pepin in 781. As Pepin, he be c a m e K i ng of Italy.
Pepin or Pippin (777 - 8 July 810) was King of Italy from 781 until his d e a t h i n 8 10. Born Carloman, he was the third son of Charlemagne (his se c o n d b y Q ueen Hildegard). Carloman was renamed Pepin upon his baptism i n 7 8 1 , w h ere he was also crowned as king of the Lombard Kingdom his fat he r h a d c o nquered. Pepin ruled the kingdom from a young age under Charl e ma g n e , but predeceased his father. His son Bernard was named king of I t a l y a f ter him, and his descendants were the longest-surviving direct m a l e l i n e of the Carolingian dynasty.
In 781, Charlemagne and Hildegard brought Carloman along with his young e r b r o t her Louis the Pious and sisters Rotrude and Bertha, daughter of C h a r l e magne to Rome at Adrian's request. Carloman was four years old, bu t h i s p a r ents had delayed his baptism so that the Pope could perform it . C a r l o man was baptized, and Adrian then crowned him as king of the Lom ba r d s ( l ater styled king of Italy) and his brother Louis as king of Aqu i t a i n e. As part of Carloman's baptism, he was renamed Pepin, now sharin g a n a m e w i th his half-brother. The reason behind the name change is ob scur e , b u t i t was likely chosen to evoke the memory of his grandfather P ep i n t h e S hort, remembered as a staunch ally of the papacy, and this le g a c y w a s important to emphasize for the young king who was to rule Ital y .
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777 - 810 (33 years)
