| 1 | 1383 | - 1383—99 9999: Regular series of wills starts in Prerogative Court of Canterbury
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| 2 | 1509 | - 1509—1547: King Henry VIII
{\n}King Henry VIII ( 1509 - 1547 ) {\n}{\n}1509 - Henry accedes to the throne on the death of his father, Henry VII.{\n}1509 - Henry marries Catherine of Aragon, daughter of the Spanish King and Queen, and widow of his elder brother, Arthur{\n}1513 - The
- 4 1509—28 Jan 1547: Henry VIII
House of Tudor: Only surviving son of Henry VII by Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV
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| 3 | 1546 | - 1546—1546: Trinity College, Cambridge founded by Henry VIII
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| 4 | 1547 | - 1547—1547: Ivan the Terrible takes title 'Tsar of all the Russias'
- 1547—1547: Vagrants Act passed (able-bodied tramps can be detained as slaves)
- 1547—1547: English replaced Latin in church services in England and Wales
- 1547—1553: King Edward VI
King Edward VI ( 1547 - 1553 ) {\n}{\n}1547 - Edward VI accedes to the throne at the age of nine after the death of his father, Henry VIII.{\n}1547 - Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford, uncle of Edward VI, is invested as Duke of Somerset and Protector of En
- 1547—1547: English replaced Latin in chruch services in England and Wales
Battle of Pinkie{\n}The injuction to keep parish register reiterated{\n}Death of Henry VIII (Edward VI to 1553)
- 28 Jan 1547—28 Jan 1547: Death of Henry VIII (succeeded by Edward VI, aged 9, to 1553)
- 20 Feb 1547—20 Feb 1547: Coronation of Edward VI in Westminster Abbey
- 10 Sep 1547—10 Sep 1547: Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, said to be the first 'modern' battle to be fought in the
British Isles
- 1 1547—6 Jul 1553: Edward VI
House of Tudor: Son of Henry VIII, by Jane Seymour, his 3rd queen. Ruled under regents. Was forced to name Lady Jane Grey his successor. Council of State proclaimed her queen July 10, 1553. Mary Tudor won Council, was proclaimed queen July 19, 1553.
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| 5 | 1548 | - 1548—1548: Priests in England allowed to marry (about a third then did so) - but see 1554
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| 6 | 1549 | - 1549—1549: English Parliament declares enclosures legal
- 1549—1549: First Act of Uniformity in England made Catholic Mass illegal
- 1549—1549: Wedding ring finger changed from right to left hand
- 1549—1549: 9th June First Book of Prayer sanctioned by English Parliament
Wedding ring finger changed from right to left{\n}First Act of Uniformity in Engalnd made Catholic Mass illegal{\n}English Parliament declares enclosures legal
- 9 Jun 1549—9 Jun 1549: First Book of Common Prayer sanctioned by English Parliament
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| 7 | 1550 | - 1550—1550: Walloon Protestants arrive as refugees from the Low Countries
- 1550—1550: Walloon Protestants arrive as refuges from the Low Countries
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| 8 | 1551 | - 1551—1551: Scotland: General Provincial Council orders each parish to keep a register of baptisms
and banns of marriage
- 1551—1551: Scotland: General Provincial Council orders
each parish to keep a register of Baptisms and banns of marriage
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| 9 | 1552 | - 1552—1552: Parishes are ordered to keep a register of baptisms and banns of marriage.
- Mar 1552—Mar 1552: An 'Act of Uniformity' imposes the Protestant prayerbook of 1552 in England
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| 10 | 1553 | - 1553—1558: Queen Mary I
Queen Mary I ( 1553 - 1558 ) {\n}{\n}1553 - Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen by the Protector, the Duke of Northumberland. After nine days, Mary arrives in London, Lady Jane Grey is arrested, and Mary is crowned Queen.{\n}1554 - After Mary declares her
- 7 Jun 1553—19 Jul 1553: Jane
House of Tudor: Jane claimed throne on death of Edward VI, removed by Mary I
- 6 Jul 1553—6 Jul 1553: Edward VI dies; Lady Jane Grey queen for a few days only
- 19 Jul 1553—19 Jul 1553: Mary Tudor ('Bloody Mary') comes to the throne
- 7 1553—17 Nov 1558: Mary I
House of Tudor: Daughter of Henry VIII, by Catherine of Aragon
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| 11 | 1554 | - 1554—1554: Brief Catholic restoration under Queen Mary Tudor - married priests forced to separate
at least 30 miles from their wives
- 1554—1558: Brief Catholic restoration under Queen Mary Tudor
- 12 Feb 1554—12 Feb 1554: Lady Jane Grey beheaded
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| 12 | 1555 | - 1555—1555: Michel Nostradamus publishes his prophecies
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| 13 | 1556 | - 21 Mar 1556—21 Mar 1556: Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer burned at the stake in Oxford
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| 14 | 1557 | - 1557—1557: The First Covenant signed in Scotland
(Foundation of the Presbyterian Church)
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| 15 | 1558 | - 1558—1558: System of Counties adopted
- 1558—1558: Scottish parish registers start
- 1558—1603: Reign of Elizabeth I - Policy of Plantation begins
System of Counties adopted
- 1558—1558: Scottish parish registers start
Chancery Proceedings Indexes begin
- 1558—1603: Queen Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I ( 1558 - 1603 ) {\n}{\n}1558 - Elizabeth accedes to the throne on the death of her half-sister, Mary.{\n}1559 - Elizabeth is crowned Queen of England at Westminster Abbey in January.{\n}1559 - Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity restore the Prote
- 7 Jan 1558—7 Jan 1558: French take Calais, last English possession in France
- 24 Apr 1558—24 Apr 1558: Marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots to Fran?ois the Dauphin of France in Paris
- 17 Nov 1558—17 Nov 1558: Queen Mary Tudor of England dies and is succeeded by her half-sister
Elizabeth - Protestantism restored in England
- 11 1558—24 Mar 1603: Elizabeth I
House of Tudor: Daughter of Henry VIII, by Anne Boleyn
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| 16 | 1559 | - 1559—1559: Tobacco introduced to Europe
- 1559—1559: John Knox returns from Continent - strengthens case for Presbyterianism in Scotland
- 1559—1559: John Knox returns from Continent
Strenghtens case for Presbyterianism in Scotland
- 15 Jan 1559—15 Jan 1559: Elizabeth crowned in Westminster Abbey by Owen Oglethorpe, the Bishop of
Carlisle
- 29 Apr 1559—29 Apr 1559: Acts of Supremacy passed in Parliament, ending papal jurisdiction over England
& Wales; established Church of England
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| 17 | 1560 | - 1560—1560: Establishment of Protestantism in Scotland - commissary courts thrown into confusion
- some records lost
- 1560—1560: Establishment of Protestantism in Scotland
commissary courts thrown into confusion - some records lost
- 1560—1560: Protestantism is established. Pope's authority is abolished. Celebrating mass becomes illegal.
- 27 Feb 1560—27 Feb 1560: Treaty of Berwick between Duc du Chatelherault (as governor of Scotland) and
the English, agreeing to act jointly to expel the French from Scotland
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| 18 | 1561 | - 1561—1561: Spire of St Paul's, highest in England, destroyed by fire
- 1561—1561: The first coins produced by machinery (known as a 'mill') rather than by hand, but it
was a slow process and did not replace hand struck coinage until new machinery was
introduced in 1663
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| 19 | 1562 | - 1562—1562: Earliest English slave-trading expedition, under John Hawkins - between Guinea and
the West Indies
- 1562—1562: African slave trade starts
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| 20 | 1563 | - 1563—1563: Papal recusants heavily fined for non-attendance at Church
The Test Act excludes Roman Catholics from government offices
- 28 Jul 1563—28 Jul 1563: The English surrender Le Havre to the French after a siege
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| 21 | 1564 | - 26 Apr 1564—26 Apr 1564: Shakespeare baptised - he is said to have been born on Apr 23, St George's
Day; he certainly died on Apr 23, 1616
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| 22 | 1565 | - 1565—1565: Marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots to Darley
- 29 Jul 1565—29 Jul 1565: Marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots to Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, her first
cousin
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| 23 | 1566 | - 1566—1566: Murder of Riccio in Holyrood House
- 9 Mar 1566—9 Mar 1566: Murder of David Riccio (or Rizzio) in Holyrood House
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| 24 | 1567 | - 1567—1567: Murder of Darnley outside Holyrood House in an explosion
Marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots and Bothwell{\n}Earliest date in the French Protestant and Walloon registers
- 10 Feb 1567—10 Feb 1567: Murder of Darnley outside Holyrood House in an explosion
- 15 May 1567—15 May 1567: Marriage of Mary Queen of Scots to James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell
- 24 Jul 1567—24 Jul 1567: Mary Queen of Scots deposed and replaced by her 1 year old son James VI
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| 25 | 1568 | - 1568—1568: Battle of Langside
Mary's flight into England and her imprisonment by Queen Elizabeth I
- 1568—1568: Bottled beer invented in London
- 13 May 1568—13 May 1568: Battle of Langside - Mary's flight to England and her imprisonment by Queen
Elizabeth I
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| 26 | 1569 | - 1569—1569: Elizabeth I approved Sunday sports
- 1569—1569: Gerard Mercator invents Mercator map projection
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| 27 | 1570 | - 25 Feb 1570—25 Feb 1570: Pope Pius V issued the papal bull 'Regnans in Excelsis' to excommunicate
Elizabeth I and her followers in the Church of England
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| 28 | 1571 | - 1571—1571: Presbyterianism introduced into England by Thomas Cartwright
- 1571—1571: Repeal of Act prohibiting lending of money on interest - gradual change from
'subsistence economy' to 'cash economy' resulted
- 1571—1571: Beginning of penal legislation against Catholics in England
- 1571—1571: Beginning of penal legislation against Catholics in England
Opening of the Royal Exchange, founded by Sir Thomas Gresham
- 1571—1572: Presbyterianism introduced into England by Thomas Cartwright
- 23 Jan 1571—23 Jan 1571: Opening of the Royal Exchange in London, founded by Sir Thomas Gresham -
this building destroyed in Great Fire of London 1666
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| 29 | 1574 | - 1574—1738: Colonial State Papers published
continued to 1738
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| 30 | 1577 | - 1577—1577: James Burbage opens first theatre in London
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| 31 | 1578 | - 1578—1578: Earliest Quaker registers begin
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| 32 | 1579 | - 1579—1579: Act of Uniformity in matters of religion enforced
- 1579—1579: Act of Uniformity in matters of religion enforced
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| 33 | 1580 | - 1580—1580: Congregational movement founded by Robert Browne about this time
- 1580—1580: Colonisation of Ireland
- 1580—1580: Colonisation of Ireland
Congregational movement founded by Robert Browne about this time
- 6 Apr 1580—6 Apr 1580: Dover Straits earthquake, largest in the recorded history of England, mentioned
by Shakespeare - dozens of ships sunk and a tsunami hit Calais
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| 34 | 1581 | - 1581—1581: English Levant Company founded
- 16 Jan 1581—16 Jan 1581: English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism
- 4 Apr 1581—4 Apr 1581: Francis Drake knighted by Elizabeth I aboard the Golden Hind after
circumnavigating the world
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| 35 | 1582 | - 1582—1582: Gregorian calendar introduced in some couontires:
Spain and Portugal, France, Low Countries, part of Italy, Denmark
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| 36 | 1583 | - 1583—1583: University of Edinburgh founded
- 1583—1583: Foundation of Cambridge University Press by Thomas Thomas
- 1583—1583: Foundation of Cambridge University Press by Thomas Thomas
University of Edinburgh founded
- Aug 1583—Aug 1583: Sir Humphrey Gilbert attempts to establish English authority at St John's,
Newfoundland
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| 37 | 1584 | - 4 Jun 1584—4 Jun 1584: Sir Walter Raleigh establishes first English colony in the New World, on
Roanoke Island, Virginia (now in North Carolina) - the so-called 'Lost Colony'
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| 38 | 1585 | - 1585—1585: Foundation of Oxford University Press
- 1585—1585: Foundation of Oxford University Press
Shakespeare started seriously to write about this time
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| 39 | 1587 | - 1587—1587: Introduction of potatoes to England
- 1587—1587: Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, by English at Fotheringay Castle near Peterborough
11th August; Raleigh's second expedition to New World lands in North Carolina - first child born in the New World of English parents, Virginia Dare (August 18th){\n}Introduction of potatoes to England
- 8 Feb 1587—8 Feb 1587: Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, at Fotheringay Castle, near Peterborough
- 19 Apr 1587—19 Apr 1587: Sir Francis Drake sinks the Spanish fleet in Cadiz harbour
- 11 Aug 1587—11 Aug 1587: Raleigh's second expedition to New World lands in North Carolina - first child
born in the New World of English parents was Virginia Dare (Aug 18)
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| 40 | 1588 | - 1588—1588: Invention of shorthand by Dr Timothy Bright
- 1588—1588: 29th July Defeat of the Spanish Armada
(had set sail from Lisbon 20th May){\n}Invention of shorthand by Dr. Timothy Bright
- 19 Jul 1588—19 Jul 1588: Spanish Armada sighted off the Lizard (had set sail from Lisbon in late May)
- 29 Jul 1588—29 Jul 1588: Defeat of Spanish Armada off Gravelines
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| 41 | 1589 | - 1589—1589: Englishmen, William Lee invents the knitting machine
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| 42 | 1590 | - 1590—1590: Dutchmen, Zacharias Janssen invents the compound microscope
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| 43 | 1591 | - 1591—1591: Trinity College, Dublin, founded
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| 44 | 1592 | - 1592—1592: A Congregational (or Independent) Church formed in London
- 1592—1592: Scotland: Presbyterian Church formally established - all ministers equal - no bishops -
secular commissaries appointed by the Crown
- 1592—1592: A congregational (or Independant) Church formed in London.
Scotland: Presbyterian Church formally established - all minsters equal - no bishops - secular commissaries appointed by the Crown
- 1592—1592: The Presbyterian Church is formally established.
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| 45 | 1593 | - 1593—1593: British statute mile established by law
- 1593—1593: British statute mile established by law
- 1593—1593: Galileo invents a water thermometer
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| 46 | 1594 | - 1594—1594: Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, leads Irish rebellion against English rule (-1603)
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1334 - 1420 (86 years)