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Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1383 | - 1383—99 9999: Regular series of wills starts in Prerogative Court of Canterbury
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| 2 | 1763 | - 1763—1884: POST-DEPORTATION PERIOD
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| 3 | 1764 | - 8 1764—1862: Indian treaties transferring land to Britain
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| 4 | 1773 | - 1773—1858: East India Company governs Hindustan
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| 5 | 1817 | |
| 6 | 1832 | - 4 Jan 1832—1937: Immigrants quarantined at Grosse Isle
Canada's immigrant quarantine station opens at Grosse Isle
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| 7 | 1837 | - 6 1837—22 Jan 1901: Victoria
House of Hanover: Daughter of Edward, 4th son of George III; married (1840) Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who became Prince Consort
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| 8 | 1845 | - 5 1845—28 Jan 1861: Kansas Territory Organized
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| 9 | 1848 | - 8 1848—13 Feb 1859: Oregon Territory Organized
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| 10 | 1849 | - 3 Mar 1849—10 Nov 1858: Minnesota Territory Organized
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| 11 | 1850 | - 6 Sep 1850—3 Jan 1896: Utah Territory Organized
- 9 Sep 1850—5 Jan 1912: New Mexico Territory Organized
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| 12 | 1853 | - 3 Feb 1853—10 Nov 1889: Washington Territory Organized
- 4 Mar 1853—4 Mar 1857: Franklin Pierce
 Franklin Pierce U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1853—4 Mar 1857: Franklin Pierce
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| 13 | 1854 | - 1854—1854: Cigarettes introduced into Britain
- 1854—1854: John Tyndall demonstrates the principles of fiber optics
- 27 Mar 1854—27 Mar 1854: Britain declares war on Russia (Crimean War)
- 25 Oct 1854—25 Oct 1854: Battle of Balaklava in Crimea (charge of the Light Brigade)
- 5 1854—28 Feb 1867: Nebraska Territory Organized
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| 14 | 1855 | - 1855—1855: Civil registration begins.
- 1855—1855: Ice Hockey
The first game of ice hockey is believed to have been played in Kingston, Ontario
- 1855—1855: Isaac Singer patents the sewing machine motor
- 1855—1855: Georges Audemars invents rayon
- 1 Jan 1855—1 Jan 1855: Ottawa named
The logging town of Bytown is renamed to Ottawa
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| 15 | 1856 | - 1856—1856: End of Crimean War
- 1856—1856: Louis Pasteur invents pasteurisation
- 29 Jan 1856—29 Jan 1856: Victoria Cross created by Royal Warrant, backdated to 1854 to recognise acts
during the Crimean War (first award ceremony 26 June 1857)
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| 16 | 1857 | - 1857—1857: Work starts on the laying of the Transatlantic cable
- 1857—1857: Ottawa is declared the capital of Canada by Queen Victoria
- 1857—1857: George Pullman invents the Pullman Sleeping Car for train travel
- 4 Mar 1857—4 Mar 1861: James Buchanan
 James Buchanan U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1857—4 Mar 1861: James Buchanan
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| 17 | 1858 | - 1858—1858: Royal Opera House opens in Covent Garden, London
- 1858—1858: 'The great stink' - smell of the River Thames forced Parliament to stop work
- 1858—1858: Jean Lenoir invents an internal combustion engine
- 1858—1858: Hamilton Smith patents the rotary washing machine
- 5 Nov 1858—11 May 1858: Minnesota
32nd State
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| 18 | 1859 | - 1859—1859: Peaceful picketing legalised in Britain
- 25 Apr 1859—25 Apr 1859: Work started on building the Suez canal (opened 17 Nov 1869)
- 4 May 1859—4 May 1859: Brunel's Royal Albert Bridge opened at Saltash giving rail link between Devon
and Cornwall
- 24 Nov 1859—24 Nov 1859: Charles Darwin publishes 'The Origin of Species'
- 2 1859—14 Feb 1859: Oregon
33rd State
|
| 19 | 1860 | - 1860—1860: The Maple Leaf
first used as official emblem of Canada during visit from the Prince of Wales
- 29 Aug 1860—29 Aug 1860: First tram service in Europe starts in Birkenhead
|
| 20 | 1861 | - 1861—1861: Elisha Otis patents elevator safety brakes, creating a safer elevator
- 1861—1861: Pierre Michaux invents a bicycle
- 1861—1861: Linus Yale invents the Yale lock or cylinder lock
- 2 Feb 1861—1 Nov 1889: North Dakota Territory Organized
- 3 Feb 1861—1 Nov 1889: South Dakota Territory Organized
- 3 Feb 1861—30 Oct 1864: Nevada Territory Organized
- 4 Mar 1861—15 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln
 Abraham Lincoln U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1861—15 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln shot by John Wilkes Booth on 14 Apr 1865 and dies the next day
- 12 Apr 1861—9 Apr 1865: American Civil War
 American Civil War
- 25 May 1861—25 May 1861: American Civil War begins
- 1 1861—14 Jan 1861: Canadian census
1861 census includes Canada West, Canada East, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island
- 4 1861—9 Apr 1865: Civil War
Union vs Confederacy
- 2 1861—31 Jul 1876: Colorado Territory Organized
- 1 1861—29 Jan 1861: Kansas
34th State
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| 21 | 1862 | - 1862—1862: Lincoln issues first legal US paper money (Greenbacks)
- 1862—1862: Alexander Parkes invents the first man-made plastic
- 1862—1862: Dr. Richard Gatling patents the machine gun
- 20 Apr 1862—20 Apr 1862: First pasteurisation test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
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| 22 | 1863 | - 1863—1863: Opening of state institution for criminally insane at Broadmoor, England
- 1863—1863: Football Association founded (UK)
- 1863—1863: Denmark goes to war against Prussia and Austria. In the Treaty of Prague (1866), Denmark cedes Schleswig-Holstein to Prussia (Ge
- 10 Jan 1863—10 Jan 1863: First section of the London Underground Railway opens
- 3 Mar 1863—2 Jul 1890: Idaho Territory Organized
- 6 1863—20 Jun 1863: West Virginia
35th State
- 2 1863—13 Feb 1912: Arizona Territory Organized
|
| 23 | 1864 | - 1864—1864: A man-powered submarine, 'Hunley' sank a Federal steam ship USS Housatonic at the entrance to Charleston harbour in 1864 - the first recorded successful attack by a submarine on a surface ship
- 11 Mar 1864—11 Mar 1864: The Great Sheffield Flood - over 250 died when a new dam broke while it was being filled for the first time
- 20 Aug 1864—20 Aug 1864: Red Cross established - Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention
- 8 Dec 1864—8 Dec 1864: Clifton Suspension Bridge over the River Avon officially opened
- 5 1864—7 Nov 1889: Montana Territory Organized
- 10 1864—31 Oct 1864: Nevada
36th State
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| 24 | 1865 | - 1865—1865: First concrete roads built in Britain
- 1865—1865: Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) becomes first woman doctor in England [she later became the first woman mayor in England, in Aldeburgh 1908]
- 14 Apr 1865—14 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln assassinated in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth
- 14 Apr 1865—14 Apr 1865: End of American Civil War - slavery abolished in USA
- 15 Apr 1865—4 Mar 1869: Andrew Johnson
 Andrew Johnson U.S. Presidency
- 12 Jun 1865—6 Dec 1865: 13th Amendment ratified
- 5 Jul 1865—5 Jul 1865: William Booth (1829-1912) founds Salvation Army, in London
- 4 1865—4 Mar 1869: Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson, vice president under Abraham Lincoln, sworn in as president upon Lincoln's death
- 1 1865—31 Jan 1865: 13th Amendment passed by Congress
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| 25 | 1866 | - 1866—1866: Fenian Raids
Irish Americans raid Canada
- 1866—1866: Ontario Gold Rush
Gold discovered in Eldorado, Hastings County, Ontario
- 1866—1866: Englishmen Robert Whitehead invents a torpedo
- 1866—1866: J. Osterhoudt patents the tin can with a key opener
- 1866—1866: Alfred Nobel invents dynamite
- 6 1866—13 Jun 1866: 14th Amendment passed by Congress
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| 26 | 1867 | - 1867—1867: Christopher Scholes invents the first practical and modern typewriter
- 3 Jan 1867—1 Mar 1867: Nebraska
37th State
- 7 Jan 1867—1 Jul 1867: 10-year census taking becomes a legal requirement
the first census of The Dominion of Canada is scheduled for 1871 and every 10 years after
- 7 Jan 1867—1 Jul 1867: Confederation
British North America Act creates the Dominion of Canada from the provinces of Canada (Upper and Lower), New Brunswick and Nova Scotia
- 1 Jul 1867—1 Jul 1867: The British North America Act takes effect, creating the Canadian Confederation
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| 27 | 1868 | - 1868—1868: Last convicts landed in Australia (Western Australia)
- 1868—1868: Vote given to male British subjects
British males, 21 years of age or older who own, rent or occupy property of specified values are entitled to vote
- 1868—1868: J P Knight invents traffic lights
- 1868—1868: George Westinghouse invents air brakes
- 1868—1868: Robert Mushet invents tungsten steel
- 7 1868—19 Jul 1868: 14th Amendment ratified
- 7 1868—9 Jul 1890: Wyoming Territory Organized
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| 28 | 1869 | - 1869—1869: Ball bearings, celluloid, margarine, and washing machines, all invented
- 7 Jan 1869—1 Jul 1869: Ontario begins BMD registration
Start of Ontario's registration of births, marriages and deaths
- 4 Mar 1869—4 Mar 1877: Ulysses S. Grant
 Ulysses S. Grant U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1869—5 Mar 1877: Ulysses Grant
- 23 Nov 1869—23 Nov 1869: Cutty Sark launched in Dumbarton
- 11 1869—15 Jul 1870: Rupert's Land joins Canada
Canada purchases Rupert's Land from Hudson's Bay Company. Some of this land is added to Ontario, and the rest is later divided into the provinces of Manitoba, Alberta and Saskatchewan and the Northwest Territories
- 2 1869—26 Feb 1869: 15th Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 29 | 1870 | - 1870—1870: Diamonds discovered in Kimberley, South Africa
- 1870—1870: Water closets come into wide use
- 1870—1870: Dr Thomas Barnardo opens his first home for destitute children
- 1870—1870: GPO takes over the privately-owned Telegraph Companies (nationalised)
- 1870—1870: First census of British Columbia
- 2 Mar 1870—3 Feb 1870: 15th Amendment ratified
- 1 Oct 1870—1 Oct 1870: First British postcard - halfpenny post
- 7 1870—15 Jul 1870: Manitoba created
Part of Rupert's Land becomes Manitoba -- the fifth province
- 7 1870—15 Jul 1870: Northwest Territories created
Part of Rupert's Land becomes the Northwest Territories
|
| 30 | 1871 | - 4 Feb 1871—2 Apr 1871: Dominion of Canada Census
The first national census after Confederation includes Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia - counts 3,689,257
- 27 Mar 1871—27 Mar 1871: First Rugby Football international, England v Scotland, played in Edinburgh
- 29 Mar 1871—29 Mar 1871: Opening of Royal Albert Hall, London
- 29 Jun 1871—29 Jun 1871: Trades Unions legalised in Britain, but picketing made illegal
- 7 1871—20 Jul 1871: British Columbia joins Canada
British Columbia becomes Canada's sixth province
|
| 31 | 1872 | - 1872—1872: Penalties introduced for failing to register births, marriages & deaths (Eng & Wales)
- 1872—1872: Licensing hours introduced
- 1872—1872: Chinese and First Nations banned from voting in BC
The British Columbia Qualifications of Voters Act denies the Chinese and First Nations peoples the right to vote
- 1872—1872: Dominion Land Act
Prairies opened for settlement by offer of 160 acres of land to each settler, resident for 3 years and paying a $10 filing fee
- 1872—1872: A.M. Ward issues the first mail-order catalog
- 1872—1872: J.S. Risdon patents the metal windmill
- 4 Dec 1872—4 Dec 1872: American ship 'Mary Celeste' is found abandoned by the British brig 'Dei Gratia' in the Atlantic Ocean
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| 32 | 1873 | - 1873—1873: North-West Mounted Police created
"Mounties" formed from civilians to patrol the west
- 1873—1873: Joseph Glidden invents barbed wire
- 7 Jan 1873—1 Jul 1873: Prince Edward Island joins Canada
Prince Edward Island becomes Canada's seventh province
- 5 1873—13 May 1873: Nova Scotia coal mine explosion
60 men die in Westville, Nova Scotia when a coal mine is destroyed by fire and explosion
- 8 1873—25 Aug 1873: The Great Nova Scotia Cyclone
500 killed by cyclone
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| 33 | 1874 | - 1874—1874: Factory Act introduces 56-hour week
- 1874—1874: Voting rights extended
male British subjects 21 years old and over, with annual income of $400 and 'enfranchised Indians' given the right to vote
- 1874—1874: American, C. Goodyear, Jr. invents the shoe welt stitcher
- 5 Apr 1874—5 Apr 1874: Birkenhead Park opened, said to be the first civic public park in the world - features of it later copied in Central Park, New York
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| 34 | 1875 | - 1875—1875: London's main sewage system completed
- 1875—1875: Supreme Court of Canada established
- 1875—1875: Western Indian treaties signed
- 1 Jan 1875—1 Jan 1875: Midland Railway abolishes Second Class passenger facilities, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies followed during the rest of the year. (Third Class was renamed Second Class in 1956)
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| 35 | 1876 | - 1876—1876: Nicolaus August Otto invents the first practical four-stroke internal combustion engine
- 1876—1876: Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone
- 1876—1876: Melville Bissell patents the carpet sweeper
- 8 Jan 1876—1 Aug 1876: Colorado
38th State
- 14 Feb 1876—14 Feb 1876: Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray each file a patent for the telephone - Bell awarded the rights
|
| 36 | 1877 | - 1877—1877: Edison invents microphone and phonograph
- 1877—1877: Thomas Edison invents the cylinder phonograph or tin foil phonograph
- 1877—1877: Eadweard Muybridge invents the first moving pictures
- 4 Mar 1877—4 Mar 1881: Rutherford B. Hayes
 Rutherford B. Hayes U.S. Presidenc
- 3 May 1877—4 Mar 1881: Rutherford Hayes
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| 37 | 1878 | - 1878—1878: CID established at New Scotland Yard
- 1878—1878: Edison & Swan invent electric lamp
- 1878—1878: Red Flag Act in Britain limits mechanical road vehicles to 4mph
- 1878—1878: Sir Joseph Wilson Swan was the first person to invent a practical and longer-lasting electic lightbulb
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| 38 | 1879 | - 18 Sep 1879—18 Sep 1879: Blackpool illuminations switched on for first time
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| 39 | 1880 | - 1880—1880: Mosquito found to be the carrier of malaria
- 1880—1880: Education Act: schooling compulsory for 5-10 year olds
- 1880—7 Nov 1885: Chinese build railroad
The construction of the western section of the Canadian Pacific Railway employs thousands of Chinese workers
- 1880—1880: Englishmen, John Milne invents the modern seismograph
- 1880—1880: The British Perforated Paper Company invents a form of toilet paper
- 2 Aug 1880—2 Aug 1880: Greenwich Mean Time adopted throughout UK
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1854 - 1880 (26 years)