| |
Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1383 | - 1383—99 9999: Regular series of wills starts in Prerogative Court of Canterbury
|
| 2 | 1680 | - 1680—1770: Chinoiserie Period (Art and Antiques)
|
| 3 | 1750 | - 1750—1805: Neo-Classical Period (Art and Antiques)
- 1750—1770: Gothic Revival Period (Art and Antiques)
|
| 4 | 1754 | |
| 5 | 1755 | - 1755—1763: DEPORTATION PERIOD
- 1755—1827: Publication of Dictionary of the English Language by Dr, Johnson
Period of canal construction began in Britian
- 1755—1763: The Great Expulsion
Over 10,000 Acadians forced from their Nova Scotia homes by British Governor Charles Lawrence
|
| 6 | 1756 | - 1756—1763: French and Indian War
Also known as Seven Years War. French Colonies vs Great Britain
- 1756—Feb 1763: Europe's Seven Years' War - North America's French-Indian war
Montcalm commands French troops against British and Indians in North America
|
| 7 | 1760 | - 1760—1820: King George III
King George III ( 1760 - 1820 ) {\n}{\n}1760 - George becomes king on the death of his grandfather, George II.{\n}1762 - The Earl of Bute is appointed Prime Minister. Bute proves so unpopular that he needs to have a bodyguard.{\n}1763 - Peace of Paris end
- 10 1760—29 Jan 1820: George III
House of Hanover: Grandson of George II, married Charlotte of Mecklenburg
|
| 8 | 1762 | - 1762—1762: Cigars introduced into Britain from Cuba
- 1762—1762: Earliest Unitarian registers
France surrenders Canada and Florida{\n}Cigars introduced into Britain from Cuba
|
| 9 | 1763 | - 1763—1763: Treaty of Paris - gives back to France everything Pitt fought to obtain - (Newfoundland
[fishing], Guadaloupe and Martininque [sugar], Dakar [gum]) - but English displaces French
as the international language
- 1763—1763: Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Paris. The Seven Years War between France and England ends. All of France's North American possessions now belong to England.
- 1763—1884: POST-DEPORTATION PERIOD
- 1763—1763: Treaty of Paris
gives back to France everything Pitt fought to obtain - Newfoundland (fishing), Guadaloupe and Martinique (sugar), Dakar (gum) - but English displaces French as the International Language
- 1763—1763: Treaty of Paris
Britain controls North American French colonies (except St. Pierre & Micquelon)
|
| 10 | 1764 | - 1764—1764: Mozart produces his first symphony at age eight
- 1764—1764: James Hargeaves invents the Spinning Jenny (but destroyed 1768)
- 1764—1764: Lloyd's Register of shipping first prepared
- 1764—1764: Practice of numbering houses introduced to London
- 1764—1764: Lloyd's Register of shipping first prepared
- 1764—1764: James Hargreaves invents the spinning jenny
- 8 1764—1862: Indian treaties transferring land to Britain
|
| 11 | 1765 | - 1765—1765: The potato becomes the most popular food in Europe
- 1765—1765: First Acadians settle in Louisiana
- 1765—1765: Stamp Act passed
- 22 Mar 1765—22 Mar 1765: Stamp Act passed - imposed a tax on publications and legal documents in the
American colonies (repealed the following year)
|
| 12 | 1766 | - 1766—1766: Start of 'composite' national records on rainfall in the UK
- 5 Dec 1766—5 Dec 1766: Christie's auction house founded in London by James Christie
|
| 13 | 1767 | - 1767—1767: Newcomen's steam pumping engine perfected by James Watt
- 1767—1767: First Iron railroads built for mines by John Wilkinson
Newcomen's steam pumping engine perfected by James Watt
- 1767—1767: Census of Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia census adds religion and ethnic-origin questions
- 1767—1767: Joseph Priestley invents carbonated water - soda water
|
| 14 | 1768 | - 1768—1768: Richard Arkwright patents the spinning frame
- 9 Jan 1768—9 Jan 1768: Philip Astley starts his circus in London
- 6 Dec 1768—6 Dec 1768: The first edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica' published in Edinburgh by
William Smellie
|
| 15 | 1769 | - 1769—1769: Capt James Cook maps the coast of New Zealand
- 1769—1769: Arkwright invents water frame (textile production)
- 1769—1769: Arkwright invents water frame (textile production)
- 1769—1769: Ile St. Jean (Prince Edward Island) separated
Ile St. Jean separated from the Colony of Nova Scotia
- 1769—1769: James Watt invents an improved steam engine
- 6 Sep 1769—6 Sep 1769: David Garrick organises first Shakespeare festival at Stratford-upon-Avon
|
| 16 | 1770 | - 1770—1770: Clyde Trust created to convert the River Clyde, then an insignificant river, into a major
thoroughfare for maritime communications
- 1770—1770: Hargreave's jenny invented (textile production)
28th April - James Cook discovers New South Wales{\n}Clyde Trust created to convert the River Clyde, then an insignificant river, into a major thoroughfare for maritime communications
- 28 Apr 1770—28 Apr 1770: Capt James Cook lands in Australia (Botany Bay) ? Aug 21: formally claims
Australia for Britain
|
| 17 | 1771 | - 1771—1771: Right to report Parliamentary debates established in England
- 1771—1772: Samuel Hearne reaches the Arctic via land travel
|
| 18 | 1772 | - 1772—1772: Morning Post' first published (until 1937)
- 1772—1772: First Travellers' Cheques issued by the London Credit Exchange Company
- 1772—1772: Jundge Mansfield rules that there is no legal basis for slavery (14th May)
in England{\n}First Navy Lists published
- 14 May 1772—14 May 1772: Judge Mansfield rules that there is no legal basis for slavery in England
|
| 19 | 1773 | - 1773—1773: Census of Acadians in France
The 2,370 Acadians in France are enumerated.
- 1773—1858: East India Company governs Hindustan
- 1773—1773: Boston Tea Party (16 December)
|
| 20 | 1774 | - 1774—1774: Georges Louis Lesage patents the electric telegraph
- 13 Sep 1774—13 Sep 1774: Cook arrives on Easter Island
- 6 1774—22 Jun 1774: Québec Act
Britain extends Québec border to include present-day Ontario and grants religious freedom to Catholics
|
| 21 | 1775 | |
| 22 | 1776 | - 1776—1776: Somerset House in London becomes the repository of records of population
- 1776—1776: Watt and Boulton produce their first commercial steam engine
- 1776—1776: Acadians fight in the Eddy Rebellion
22 Acadians under the command of Captain Isaie Boudreau fight under Colonel Jonathan Eddy (the Eddy Rebellion) in an effort to retake Fort Cumberland.
- 1776—1776: American Declaration of Independence (July 4th)
- 1776—1776: North West Company formed
Fur traders amalgamate to compete with the Hudson's Bay Company
- 1776—1776: David Bushnell invents a submarine
- 4 Jan 1776—1 Apr 1776: First United Empire Loyalists arrive
UEL refugees arrive in Halifax, Nova Scotia
- 4 Jul 1776—4 Jul 1776: American Declaration of Independence
- 7 Sep 1776—7 Sep 1776: First attack on a warship by a submarine - David Bushnell's ?Turtle' attacked
HMS Eagle in New York harbour. The attack was perhaps spectacular (a charge did
detonate beneath the ship) but was nevertheless unsuccessful. 'Turtle' was a one man
Affair ma
|
| 23 | 1777 | - 1777—1777: Samuel Miller of Southampton patents the circular saw.
|
| 24 | 1778 | - 1778—1778: Captain James Cook explores West Coast
Captain Cook lands at Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island
|
| 25 | 1779 | - 1779—1779: First Spinning Mills operational in Scotland
- 1779—1779: First iron bridge built, over the Severn by John Wilkinson
- 1779—1779: Marc Isambard Brunel opens the first steamdriven sawmill at Chatham Dockyard in Kent
- 1779—1779: Crompton's mule invented (Textile production)
First iron bridge built, over the Severn by John Wilkinson{\n}First Spinning Mills operational in Scotland
- 1779—1779: Industrial Revolution begins to affect Scotland.
- 1779—1779: Samuel Crompton invents the spinning mule
- 14 Feb 1779—14 Feb 1779: Capt James Cook killed on Hawaii
- 23 Sep 1779—23 Sep 1779: Naval engagement between Britain and USA off Flamborough Head
- 9 1779—22 Sep 1779: Treaty signed with Micmac to protect British settlers
Micmac alliance against U.S.A
|
| 26 | 1780 | - 1780—1780: About this time the word 'Quiz' entered the language, said to have been invented as a
wager by Mr Daly, a Dublin theatre manager
- 1780—1780: Fountain pen invented
- 1780—1780: The English Reform Movement - until now, only landowners and tenants (freeholders
with 40 shillings per year or more) allowed to vote, and in open poll books
- 1780—1780: Male Servants Tax
- 1780—1780: 4th May First Derby run at Epsom
2nd-8th June - Gordon Riots - Parl;iament passes a Roman Catholic relief measure - for days, London is at the mercy of a mob and destruction is widespread{\n}Earliest Wesleyan registers{\n}Male Servants Tax{\n}The English Reform Movement - until now, only
- 1780—1780: Benjamin Franklin invents bi-focal eyeglasses
- 1780—1780: Gervinus invents the circular saw
- 4 May 1780—4 May 1780: First Derby run at Epsom (some say 2nd June)
- 2 Jun 1780—2 Jun 1780: Jun 2- 8: The Gordon Riots - Parliament passes a Roman Catholic relief measure - for
days, London is at the mercy of a mob and destruction is widespread
|
| 27 | 1781 | - 1781—1781: First UEL settlers in Niagara
Loyalists from Butler's Rangers settle in Niagara area
|
| 28 | 1782 | - 1782—1782: James Watt patents his steam engine
- 1782—1782: Gilbert's Act establishes outdoor poor relief - the way of life of the poor beginning to
alter due to industrialisation - New factories in rapidly expanding towns required a workforce
that would adjust to new work patterns
- 1782—1782: Gilbert's Act establishes outdoor poor relief -
t5he way of life of the poor beginning to alter due to a workforce that would adjust to new work patterns{\n}James Watt patents his steam engine
- 1 Jan 1782—1 Jan 1782: Massive Loyalist migration from U.S. begins
Loyalists head to Nova Scotia (New Brunswick) as outcome of war determined
|
| 29 | 1783 | - 1783—1783: Duty payable on Parish Register entries (3d per entry - repealed 1794) - led to a fall in
entries!
- 1783—1783: Duty on Parish Register entries (3d per entry - repealed 1794)
Montgolfier brothers launch first hot-air balloon{\n}3rd Sept. Treaty of Versailles (England/US)
- 1783—1783: Eastern Canada - U.S.A. border established
border set from the Atlantic to Lake-of-the-Woods
- 1783—1783: Englishmen, Henry Cort invents the steel roller for steel production
- 1783—1783: Louis Sebastien demonstrates the first parachute
- 1783—1783: Joseph Michel Montgolfier and Jacques Etienne Montgolfier invent the hot-air balloon
- 1783—1783: Benjamin Hanks patents the self-winding clock
- 9 Mar 1783—3 Sep 1783: Treaty of Versailles
Britain Loses War With U.S & British North America Defined
- 3 Sep 1783—3 Sep 1783: Treaty of Versailles (Britain/US)
- 3 Nov 1783—3 Nov 1783: Last public execution at Tyburn in London (John Austin, a highwayman)
- 4 1783—26 Apr 1783: Loyalist migration from New York
7,000 Loyalists sail to Nova Scotia (including New Brunswick) as outcome of war determined
|
| 30 | 1784 | - 1784—1784: Invention of threshing machine by Andrew Meikle
- 1784—1784: First golf club founded at St Andrews
- 1784—1784: Wesley breaks with the Church of England
- 1784—1784: Pitt's India Act - the Crown (as opposed to officers of the East India Company) has
power to guide Indian politics
- 1784—1784: Pitt's India Act -
the Crown (as opposed to officers of the East India Company) has power to guide Indian politics{\n}Wesley breaks with Church of England{\n}First edition of The Times (called The Daily Universal Register for 3 years){\n}2 nd Aug. First Mail coaches in Engl
- 1784—1784: Grand River Reserve created
Indian chief Joseph Brant leads 4,000 indians from U.S. to Six Nations' Reservation
- 1784—1789: Mass migration of Loyalists
Migration starts with 6,000 Americans & 1,000 Iroquois led by Joseph Brant. Total reaches 10,000 by end of decade
- 1784—1784: Andrew Meikle invents the threshing machine
- 1784—1784: Joseph Bramah invents the safety lock
- 2 Aug 1784—2 Aug 1784: First mail coaches in England (4pm Bristol / 8am London)
- 8 1784—16 Aug 1784: Cape Breton Island created
Cape Breton Island separated from Nova Scotia
- 8 1784—16 Aug 1784: New Brunswick created
New Brunswick created from part of Nova Scotia
|
| 31 | 1785 | - 1785—1785: Sunday School Society founded to educate poor children (by 1851, enrols more than 2
million)
- 1785—2 Apr 1795: Northwest Indian War
 Northwest Indian War
- 1785—1785: Acadians sail from France to Louisiana
Acadians numbering 1,600 sail from France to settle in Louisiana. Some of their relatives had gone there earlier. They will become known as Cajuns.
- 1785—1785: Sunday School Society founded to educate poor children (by 1851, enrols more than 2 million)
- 1785—1785: Charles Augustus Coulomb invents the torsion balance
- 1785—1785: Blanchard invents a working parachute
- 1785—1785: Edmund Cartwright invents the power loom
- 1785—1785: Claude Berthollet invents chemical bleaching
- 1 Jan 1785—1 Jan 1785: John Walter publishes first edition of The Times (called The Daily Universal
Register for 3 years)
|
| 32 | 1786 | - 1786—1786: John Fitch invents a steamboat
|
| 33 | 1787 | - 1787—1787: MCC (Marylebone Cricket Club) established at Thomas Lord's ground in London
- 1787—1787: Earliest known Swedenborgian (Church of the New Jerusalem or Jerusalemite) registers
- 1787—1787: The first population census of genealogical value was taken
- 12 Jul 1787—7 Dec 1787: Delaware
1st State
- 12 Jul 1787—7 Dec 1787: Delaware ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was Unanimous.
- 12 Dec 1787—12 Dec 1787: Pennsylvania
2nd State
- 12 Dec 1787—12 Dec 1787: Pennsylvania ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 46-23.
- 7 1787—18 Feb 1803: Ohio Territory Organized
- 12 1787—18 Dec 1787: New Jersey
3rd State
- 12 1787—18 Dec 1787: New Jersey ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was unanimous.
- 9 1787—28 Sep 1787: New Constitution sent to for ratification
The Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia proposed, debated and drafted the new U.S. Constitution during hte summer of 1787. Ratification by nine states was required for the Constitution to take effect. James Madison was the primary author.
|
| 34 | 1788 | - 1788—1788: Gibbon completes Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'
- 1788—1788: King George III's mental illness occasions the Regency Crisis - Edmund Burke and
Charles James Fox attack ministry of William Pitt - trying to obtain full regal powers for the
Prince of Wales
- 1788—1788: Law passed requiring that chimney sweepers be a minimum of 8 years old (not
enforced)
- 1788—1788: First slave carrying act, the Dolben Act of 1788, regulates the slave trade - stipulates
more humane conditions on slave ships
- 1788—1788: First steamboat demonstrated in Scotland
- 1788—1788: 26th January, First convicts (and free settlers) arrive in New Soputh Wales
First steamboat demonstration in Scotland (but see 1802){\n}Law passed requiring that chimney sweepers be minimum of 9 years old (not enforced)\First slave carrying act, The Dolben Act of 1788, regulates the slave trade - stipulated more humane conditions
- 1788—1788: The Scarce Year
Upper Canada's 1787 crop failures result in famine
- 1788—1788: The abolition of the "stavnsbaand" (compulsory residence by the peasant and farming classes.)
- 26 Jan 1788—26 Jan 1788: First convicts (and free settlers) arrive in New South Wales (left Portsmouth 13
May 1787) ? the 'First Fleet'; eleven ships commanded by Captain Arthur Phillip
- 1 Feb 1788—2 Jan 1788: Georgia
4th State
- 1 Feb 1788—2 Jan 1788: Georgia ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was unanimous.
- 2 Jun 1788—6 Feb 1788: Massachusetts
6th State
- 2 Jun 1788—6 Feb 1788: Massachusetts ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 187-168.
- 1 Sep 1788—9 Jan 1788: Connecticut
5th State
- 1 Sep 1788—9 Jan 1788: Connecticut ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 128-40.
- 6 1788—21 Jun 1788: New Hampshire
9th State
- 6 1788—21 Jun 1788: New Hampshire ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 57-47.
- 6 1788—21 Jun 1788: United States Constitution in effect
- 5 1788—23 May 1788: South Carolina
8th State
- 5 1788—23 May 1788: South Carolina ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 149-73.
- 7 1788—24 Jul 1788: New York ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 30-27.
- 6 1788—25 Jun 1788: Virginia
10th State
- 6 1788—26 Jun 1788: New York
11th State
- 6 1788—26 Jun 1788: Virginia ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 89-79.
- 4 1788—28 Apr 1788: Maryland
7th State
- 4 1788—28 Apr 1788: Maryland ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 63-11.
|
| 35 | 1789 | - 1789—1789: 14th June - The French Revolution begins - storming of the Bastille
Publication of Gilbert White's "Natural History of Selborne"
- 1789—1789: UE (Unity of Empire) designation created for Loyalists
Loyalists obtain privileges and land grants
- 1789—1789: The guillotine is invented
- 28 Apr 1789—28 Apr 1789: Mutiny on HMS Bounty - Captain William Bligh and 18 sailors are set adrift
and the rebel crew ends up on Pitcairn Island
- 30 Apr 1789—4 Mar 1797: George Washington
 George Washington U.S. Presidency<
- 7 Oct 1789—1790: MacKenzie River exploration
Sir Alexander MacKenzie explores river to Beaufort Sea and Arctic Ocean
- 11 1789—21 Nov 1789: North Carolina
12th State
- 11 1789—21 Nov 1789: North Carolina ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 194-77.
- 9 1789—25 Sep 1789: Bill of Rights adopted
- 9 1789—25 Sep 1789: 27th Amendment originally proposed
- 4 1789—4 Mar 1797: George Washington
|
| 36 | 1790 | - 1790—1790: Forth and Clyde Canal opened in Scotland
- 1790—1790: Forth and Clyde Canal opened in Scotland
- 1790—1790: The United States issued its first patent to William Pollard of Philadelphia for a machine that roves and spins cotton
- 5 1790—31 May 1796: Tennessee Territory Organized
- 5 1790—29 May 1790: Rhode Island
13th State
- 5 1790—29 May 1790: Rhode Island ratified U.S. Constitution
The vote was 34-32.
|
| 37 | 1791 | - 1791—1791: Establishment of the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain
- 1791—1791: John Bell, printer, abandons the long s' (the 's' that looks like an 'f')
- 1791—1791: Sugar prices rise steeply
John Bell, printer, abandons the "long s" (the 's' that looks like an 'f'){\n}Establishment of the Ordinance Survey of Great Brittain{\n}4th December - First publication of The Observer - oldest Sunday newspaper
- 1791—1791: John Barber invents the gas turbine
- 1791—1791: Early bicycles invented in Scotland
- 3 Apr 1791—4 Mar 1791: Vermont
14th State
- 6 Oct 1791—10 Jun 1791: Constitutional Act
Lower Canada (now Québec) and Upper Canada (now Ontario) established
- 4 Dec 1791—4 Dec 1791: First publication of The Observer - world's oldest Sunday newspaper
- 1 1791—24 Jan 1791: District of Columbia
President George Washington selects a site that includes portions of Maryland and Virginia. It becomes the seat of government 1 Dec 1800
|
| 38 | 1792 | - 1792—1792: Coal-gas lighting invented by William Murdock, an Ayrshire Scot
- 1792—1792: Boyle's Street Directory published
- 1792—1792: Repression in Britain (restrictions on freedom of the press) - Fox gets Libel Act through
Parliament, requiring a jury and not a judge to determine libel
- 1792—1792: Repression in Britian (restrictions on freedom of the press)
Fox gets Libel Act through Parliament, requiring a jury and not a judge to determine libel{\n}Boyle's Street Directory published{\n}1st October - Introduction of Money Orders in Britain{\n}Coal-gas lightening invented by William Murdock, and Ayshire Scot{
- 1792—1792: George Vancouver exploration
exploration of Pacific Coast
- 1792—1792: William Murdoch invents gas lighting
- 1792—1792: The first ambulance
- 6 Jan 1792—1 Jun 1792: Kentucky
15th State
- 1 Oct 1792—1 Oct 1792: Introduction of Money Orders in Britain
- 1 Dec 1792—1 Dec 1792: King's Proclamation drawing out the British militia
|
| 39 | 1793 | - 1793—1793: 11th February - England declares war on France (1793-1802)
Execution of Louis XVI{\n}15th April - £5 notes first issue by the Bank of England
- 1793—20 Jul 1793: Alexander MacKenzie crosses Canada by land
first crossing of Canada by land and exploration of Pacific Coast
- 11 Feb 1793—11 Feb 1793: Britain declares war on France (1793-1802)
- 15 Apr 1793—15 Apr 1793: ?5 notes first issued by the Bank of England
- 7 Sep 1793—9 Jul 1793: Upper Canada's Abolition Act
Forbade any new slaves, and gave freedom to children of slaves at least 25 years of age if born after 1793
|
| 40 | 1794 | - 1794—1794: Abolition of Parish Register duties
- 1794—1794: Abolition of Parish Register duties
Battle of Glorious First of June{\n}6th october - The prosecutor for Britain, Lord Justice Eyre, charges reformers with High Treason - he argued that, since reform of parliament would lead to revolution and revolution to executing the King, the desire for
- 1794—1794: Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin
- 1794—1794: Welshmen, Philip Vaughan invents ball bearings
- 3 Apr 1794—4 Mar 1794: 11th Amendment passed by Congress
- 6 Oct 1794—6 Oct 1794: The prosecutor for Britain, Lord Justice Eyre, charges reformers with High
Treason - he argued that, since reform of parliament would lead to revolution and revolution
to executing the King, the desire for reform endangered the King's life and was theref
|
| 41 | 1795 | - 1795—1795: The Famine Year
- 1795—1795: Foundation of the Orange Order
- 1795—1795: Speenhamland Act proclaims that the Parish is responsible for bringing up the labourer's
wage to subsistence level - towards the end of the eighteenth century, the number of poor and
unemployed increased dramatically - price increases during the Napoleo
- 1795—1795: Pitt and Grenville introduce The Gagging Acts' or 'Two Bills' (the Seditious Meetings and Treasonable Practices Bills) - outlawed the mass meeting and the political lecture.
- 1795—1795: Consumption of lime juice made compulsory in Royal Navy
- 1795—1795: The Famine Year
Foundation of the Orange Order{\n}Speenhamland Act proclaims that the Parish is responsible for bringing up the labourer's wage to substitence level{\n}Towards the end of the eighteenth century, the number of poor and umemployed increased dramatically - p
- 1795—1795: Francois Appert invents the preserving jar for food
- 2 Jul 1795—7 Feb 1795: 11th Amendment ratified
|
| 42 | 1796 | - 1796—1796: Pitt's Reign of Terror': More treason trials - leading radicals emigrate
- 1796—1796: Legacy Tax on sums over ?20 excluding those to wives, children, parents and
grandparents
- 1796—1796: Holden's Triennial Directory published
Pitt's "Reign of Terror" - more treason trials - leading radicals emigrate
- 1796—1796: Town of York (Toronto) becomes capital of Upper Canada
- 1796—1796: Edward Jenner creates a smallpox vaccination
- 6 Jan 1796—1 Jun 1796: Tennessee
16th State
- 14 May 1796—14 May 1796: Dr Edward Jenner gave first vaccination for smallpox in England
|
| 43 | 1797 | - 1797—1797: England in Crisis, Bank of England suspends cash payments
- 1797—1797: Mutinies in the British Navy at Spithead and Nore
- 1797—1797: Tax on newspapers (including cheap, topical journals) increased to repress radical
publications
- 1797—1797: The first copper pennies were produced ('cartwheels') by application of steam power to
the coining press
- 1797—1797: England in Crisis
Bank of England suspends cash payments{\n}26th February - First £1 note issued by Bank of England{\n}Apr-Jun Mutinees in the British Navy at Spithead and Nore{\n}Tax on Newspapers (including cheap, topical journals) increased to repress radical publicatio
- 1797—1797: A British inventor, Henry Maudslay invents the first metal or precision lathe
- 1797—1797: Wittemore patents a carding machine
- 22 Feb 1797—22 Feb 1797: French invade Fishguard, Wales; last time UK invaded; all captured 2 days later
- 26 Feb 1797—26 Feb 1797: First ?1 (and ?2) notes issued by Bank of England
- 4 Mar 1797—4 Mar 1801: John Adams
 John Adams U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1797—4 Mar 1801: John Adams
|
| 44 | 1798 | - 1798—1798: First planned human experiment with vaccination, to test theories of Edward Jenner
- 1798—1800: Franco-American Naval War
United States vs France
- 1798—1798: Feb-Oct The Irish Rebellion, -
100,000 peasants revolt, approximately 25,000 die - Irish Parliament abolished{\n}First planned human experiment with Vaccination, to test theories of Edward Jenner.
- 1798—1798: Marriage Act
allows marriages to be legally performed by the Church of Scotland and Anglican, Catholic, Presbyterian, Calvinist and Lutheran Churches
- 1798—1798: Prince Edward Island created
Ile St. Jean renamed to Prince Edward Island
- 1798—1798: Aloys Senefelder invents lithography
- 1798—1798: The first soft drink invented
- 9 Jan 1798—30 Sep 1800: Franco-American War
 Franco-American War
- Feb 1798—Feb 1798: The Irish Rebellion; 100,000 peasants revolt; approximately 25,000 die - Irish
Parliament abolished (Feb-Oct)
- 4 Jul 1798—9 Dec 1817: Mississippi Territory Organized
- 1 Aug 1798—1 Aug 1798: Battle of the Nile (won by Nelson)
|
| 45 | 1799 | - 1799—1799: Foundation of Royal Military College Sandhurst by the Duke of York
- 1799—1799: Foundation of the Royal Institution of Great Britain
- 1799—1799: 9th January - Pitt brings in 10% income tax
12th July - Repressive legislation in Britain against political associations and combinations{\n}Foundation of Royal Military College Sandhurst by the Duke of York{\n}Foundation of the Roayl Institution of Great Britain{\n}Post Office New Annual Directory
- 1799—1799: Alessandro Volta invents the battery
- 1799—1799: Louis Robert invents the Fourdrinier Machine for sheet paper making
- 9 Jan 1799—9 Jan 1799: Pitt brings in 10% income tax, as a wartime financial measure
- 12 Jul 1799—12 Jul 1799: 'Combination Laws' in Britain against political associations and combinations
- 15 Jul 1799—15 Jul 1799: ?Rosetta Stone' discovered in Egypt made possible the deciphering (in 1822) of Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics
|
| 46 | 1800 | - 1800—1800: Volta makes first electrical battery
Volta makes first electrical battery
- 1800—1800: Herschel discovers infra-red light
Herschel discovers infra-red light
- 1800—1800: High pressure steam
Use of high pressure steam pioneered by Richard Trevithick (1771-1833)
- 1800—1800: Royal College of Surgeons founded
Royal College of Surgeons founded
- 1800—1800: First Electric Light
Electric light first produced by Sir Humphrey Davy
- 1800—1800: Count Alessandro Volta invents the battery
- 1800—1800: Frenchmen, J.M. Jacquard invents the Jacquard Loom
- 2 Jul 1800—2 Jul 1800: Parliamentary Union
Parliamentary union of Great Britain and Ireland
- 5 Jul 1800—10 Dec 1816: Indiana Territory Organized
Effective date 4 Jul 1800
|
| 47 | 1801 | - 1801—1801: Elgin Marbles brought from Athens to London
Elgin Marbles brought from Athens to London
- 1801—1801: Grand Union Canal opens in England
Grand Union Canal opens in England
- 1801—1805: Tripolitan War
- 1801—1805: Barbary Wars
Also fought in 1815. United States vs Morocco, Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli
- 1 Jan 1801—1 Jan 1801: Union Jack becomes the official British flag
Union Jack becomes the official British flag
- 4 Mar 1801—4 Mar 1809: Thomas Jefferson
 Thomas Jefferson U.S. Presidency
- 10 Mar 1801—10 Mar 1801: First Census
First census puts the population of England and Wales at 9,168,000. Population of Britain nearly 11 million (75% rural)
- 1 Apr 1801—4 Jan 1805: First Barbary War
 First Barbary War
- 3 Apr 1801—4 Mar 1809: Thomas Jefferson
- 24 Dec 1801—24 Dec 1801: First passenger Train
Richard Trevithick built the first self-propelled passenger carrying road loco
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| 48 | 1802 | - 25 Mar 1802—25 Mar 1802: Treaty of Amiens signed by Britain, France, Spain, and the Netherlands ? the 'Peace of Amiens' as it was known brought a temporary peace of 14 months during the Napoleonic Wars ? one of its most important cultural effects was that travel and correspondenc
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| 49 | 1803 | - 1803—1803: Semaphore signaling perfected by Admiral Popham
- 1803—1803: Poaching made a Capital offense in England if capture resisted
- 1803—1803: Richard Trevithick built another steam carriage and ran it in London as the first
self-propelled vehicle in the capital and the first London bus
- 12 1803—9 Dec 1803: 12th Amendment passed by Congress
- 30 Apr 1803—30 Apr 1803: Louisiana Purchase: Napoleon sells French possessions in America to United States
- 12 May 1803—12 May 1803: Peace of Amiens ends ? resumption of war with France ? The Napoleonic Wars (1803-18l5)
- 23 Jul 1803—23 Jul 1803: First public railway opens (Surrey Iron Railway, 9 miles from Wandsworth to
Croydon, horse-drawn)
- 2 1803—19 Feb 1803: Ohio
17th State
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| 50 | 1804 | - 1804—1804: Matthew Flinders recommends that the newly discovered country, New Holland, be renamed 'Australia'
- 1804—1804: Richard Trevithick, an English mining engineer, developed the first steam-powered locomotive
- 1804—1804: Freidrich Winzer (Winsor) was the first person to patent gas lighting
- 21 Feb 1804—21 Feb 1804: Richard Trevithick runs his railway engine on the Penydarren Railway (9.5 miles
from Pen-y-Darren to Abercynon in South Wales) this hauled a train with 10 tons of
iron and 70 passengers. It was commemorated by the Royal Mint in 2004 in the form of
A ?2 c
- 3 Mar 1804—3 Mar 1804: John Wedgwood (eldest son of the potter Josiah Wedgwood) founds The Royal
Horticultural Society
- 2 Dec 1804—2 Dec 1804: Napoleon declares himself Emperor of the French
- 12 Dec 1804—12 Dec 1804: Spain declares war on Britain
- 6 1804—15 Jun 1804: 12th Amendment ratified
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| 51 | 1805 | - 1805—1805: London docks opened
- 3 Mar 1805—29 Apr 1812: Louisiana Territory Organized
Effective date 4 July 1805
- 21 Oct 1805—21 Oct 1805: Admiral Nelson's victory at Trafalgar
- 1 Nov 1805—25 Jan 1837: Michigan Territory Organized
Effective date 30 Jun 1805
- 2 Dec 1805—2 Dec 1805: Battle of Austerlitz; Napoleon defeats Austrians and Russians
|
| 52 | 1806 | - 1806—1806: Dartmoor Prison opened (built by French prisoners)
- 1806—1806: Le Canadien newspaper founded
First Québec nationalist newspaper
- 9 Jan 1806—9 Jan 1806: Nelson buried in St Paul's cathedral, London
|
| 53 | 1807 | - 25 Mar 1807—25 Mar 1807: Parliament passes Act prohibiting slavery and the importation of slaves from 1808 ? but does not prohibit colonial slavery
- 3 1807—25 Mar 1807: British abolish slave trade
|
| 54 | 1808 | - 1808—1808: Gas lighting in London streets
- 1808—1808: Simon Fraser to Vancouver
Fraser explores the river to the Pacific
- 13 Jul 1808—13 Jul 1808: 'Hot Wednesday' ? temperature of 101?F in the shade recorded in London
- 20 Dec 1808—20 Dec 1808: Beethoven premieres his Fifth Symphony, Sixth Symphony, Fourth Piano Concerto and Choral Fantasy together in Vienna
|
| 55 | 1809 | - 1809—1809: Humphry Davy invents the first electric light - the first arc lamp
- 12 Feb 1809—12 Feb 1809: Birth of Charles Darwin
- 2 Mar 1809—2 Dec 1818: Illinois Territory Organized
Effective date 1 Mar 1809
- 4 Mar 1809—4 Mar 1817: James Madison
 James Madison U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1809—4 Mar 1817: James Madison
- 18 Sep 1809—18 Sep 1809: Royal Opera House opens in London
|
| 56 | 1810 | - 1810—1810: John McAdam begins road construction in England, giving his name to the process of
road metalling
- 1810—1810: German, Frederick Koenig invents an improved printing press
- 1810—1810: Peter Durand invents the tin can
|
| 57 | 1811 | - 1811—1811: David Thomson charts Columbia River
Thomson explores and charts Columbia River to the coast
- 5 Feb 1811—5 Feb 1811: Prince of Wales (future George IV) made Regent after George III deemed insane
- 11 Jul 1811—7 Nov 1811: Battle of Tippecanoe
Indian defeat causes Tecumseh to align with British
|
| 58 | 1812 | - 1812—1815: War of 1812
United States vs Great Britain
- 1812—1812: A printed format for parish registers begins
- 6 Apr 1812—9 Aug 1821: Missouri Territory Organized
Effective date 7 Dec 1812
- 8 Apr 1812—4 Aug 1812: Battle of Brownstown
Ohio Militia from Detroit defeated by Tecumseh's Indians
- 11 May 1812—11 May 1812: Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval, assassinated ? shot as he entered the House of Commons by a bankrupt Liverpool broker, John Bellingham, who was subsequently hanged
- 12 Jun 1812—16 Feb 1815: War of 1812
 War of 1812
- 18 Jun 1812—18 Jun 1812: Start of American 'War of 1812' (to 1814) against England and Canada
- Oct 1812—Oct 1812: Napoleon retreats from Moscow with catastrophic losses
- 10 1812—13 Oct 1812: Battle of Queenston Heights
General Brock killed but U.S. forces defeated after heavy fighting
- 8 1812—14 Aug 1812: Surrender of Fort Detroit
General Brock commanding British & Canadian forces with Tecumseh's Indians cause U.s. forces to surrender
- 6 1812—24 Dec 1814: War of 1812
United States declares war on Great Britain (and Canada)
- 11 1812—20 Nov 1812: Battle of Lacolle Mills
Two groups of U.S forces fight each other by mistake
- 9 1812—21 Sep 1812: Raid on Gananoque
U.S. forces enter town, destroy food supplies and remove ammunition
- 11 1812—28 Nov 1812: Battle of Frenchman's Creek
U.S forces from Black Rock (Buffalo, NY) invade Fort Erie and are repulsed
- 8 1812—29 Aug 1812: Earl of Selkirk establishes Red River Colony (Winnipeg)
- 4 1812—30 Apr 1812: Louisiana
18th State. Counties known as Parishes.
|
| 59 | 1813 | - 1813—1813: Jane Austen wrote 'Pride and Prejudice'
- 1813—1813: Ireland: First recorded '12th of July' sectarian riots in Belfast
- 1813—1814: Creek War
United States vs Creek Indians
- 12 1813—Dec 1813: U.S forces reoccupy Queenston and Chippawa (Niagara)
Canadian Volunteers (traitors) send Loyalists to U.S. prisons
- 8 Feb 1813—2 Aug 1813: Battle of Fort Stephenson
British/Canadian/Indian forces fail in attempt to take fort from U.S. forces
- 10 May 1813—5 Oct 1813: Battle of the Thames
U.S. (Harrison) defeats British/Indian forces - Tecumseh dies
- 6 Jun 1813—6 Jun 1813: Battle of Stoney Creek
confused fighting results in heavy losses on both sides
- 6 Aug 1813—8 Jun 1813: Battle of Forty Mile Creek
U.S forces routed and retreat to Fort George
- 6 Aug 1813—8 Jun 1813: Skirmish of Butler's Farm (Two Mile Creek)
U.S Lt. Eldridge and his men ambushed by combined British/Canadian/Indian forces
- 9 Sep 1813—9 Sep 1813: Battle for Lake Erie
U.S. naval squadron of 9 ships defeats British 6-ship flotilla
- 9 Oct 1813—10 Sep 1813: Battle of Lake Erie (Put-in-Bay)
U.S. navy defeats British ships and takes control of Lake Erie
- 12 Oct 1813—10 Dec 1813: Burning of Newark (Niagara-on-the-Lake)
Canadian Volunteers (traitors) and U.S militia burn Newark to the ground
- 11 Nov 1813—11 Nov 1813: Battle of Crysler's Farm
U.S forces defeated in attempted invasion of Lower Canada. U.S. forces defeated near Morrisburg by combined Canadian-British forces.
- 2 1813—22 Feb 1813: Battle of Ogdensburg, NY
Glengarry Light Infantry attack and take Ogdensburg
- 6 1813—24 Jun 1813: Battle of Beaver Dam
Laura Secord warns British of impending attack resulting in surrender of U.S forces at Thorold
- 5 1813—27 May 1813: Capture of Fort George
U.S. forces invade Niagara
- 10 1813—26 Oct 1813: Battle of Chateauguay
U.S forces defeated in attempted invasion of Lower Canada
- 4 1813—2 May 1813: Battle of Fort York (Toronto)
U.S. forces take fort and occupy York for 5 days, plundering and destroying the town by burning
- 5 1813—24 Jun 1813: Battles of Niagara frontier
U.S. forces advance into Upper Canada
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| 60 | 1814 | - 1814—1814: At the Treaty of Kiel, Denmark is compelled to cede Norway to Sweden
- 1814—1814: George Stephenson designs the first steam locomotive
- 1814—1814: Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was the first person to take a photograph
- 1814—1814: German, Joseph von Fraunhofer invents the spectrocope for the chemical analysis of glowing objects
- 1814—1814: The first plastic surgery is performed in England
- 1 Jan 1814—1 Jan 1814: Invasion of France by Allies
- 7 Mar 1814—3 Jul 1814: Capture of Fort Erie
British forces manning Fort Erie surrender to overwhelming U.S. odds
- 3 Apr 1814—20 Aug 1814: U.S. raids into Western Upper Canada
U.S. forces raid western Lake Erie communities
- 6 Apr 1814—6 Apr 1814: Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to Elba
- 7 May 1814—5 Jul 1814: Battle at Chippawa
U.S. forces take over entire Niagara frontier
- 13 Aug 1814—13 Aug 1814: Convention of London signed, a treaty between the UK and the Dutch
- 24 Aug 1814—24 Aug 1814: The British burn the White House
- 29 Nov 1814—29 Nov 1814: 'The Times' first printed by a 'mechanical apparatus' (at 1100 sheets per hour)
- 24 Dec 1814—24 Dec 1814: Treaty of Ghent signed ending the 1812 war between Britain and the US
- 8 1814—17 Sep 1814: Siege at Fort Erie
British forces fail in their attempt to recover Fort Erie from U.S. forces
- 7 1814—19 Jul 1814: Battle for Prarie du Chien
British forces comprised mainly of Indians capture U.S. garrison
- 7 1814—18 Jul 1814: Burning of St. Davids
U.S. militia capture St. Davids then loot and burn most buildings
- 10 1814—20 Oct 1814: Battle of Cook's Mills (Lyons Creek)
The last battle on Canadian soil
- 12 1814—24 Dec 1814: Treaty of Ghent
End of United States - British war of 1812
- 7 1814—26 Jul 1814: Battle of Lundy's Lane
The fiercest battle of the U.S.-British war
- 3 1814—30 Mar 1814: Battle of Lacolle Mills
U.S. forces defeated in attempted invasion
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| 61 | 1815 | - 1815—1815: Trial by Jury established in Scotland
- 1815—1815: Davy develops the safety lamp for miners
- 1815—1815: Humphry Davy invents the miner's lamp
- 2 1815—Feb 1815: British incentive to emigrate to Upper Canada
Britain encourages 5,000 settlers to leave Britain
- 3 Mar 1815—24 Sep 1816: Second Barbary War
 Second Barbary War
- 18 Jun 1815—18 Jun 1815: The Battle of Waterloo: Napoleon defeated and exiled to St. Helena
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| 62 | 1816 | - 1816—1816: Trans-Atlantic packet service begins
- 1816—1816: Large scale emigration to North America
- 1816—1816: Climate: the 'year without a summer' ? followed a volcanic explosion of the mountain 'Tambora in Indonesia the previous year the biggest volcanic explosion in 10000 years
- 1816—1816: Income tax abolished
- 1816—1816: For the first time British silver coins were produced with an intrinsic value substantially
below their face value ? the first official 'token' coinage
- 12 Nov 1816—11 Dec 1816: Indiana
19th State
|
| 63 | 1817 | - 1817—1817: Constable painted 'Flatford Mill'
- 1817—1817: March of the Manchester Blanketeers; Habeas Corpus suspended
- 1817—1898: Indian Wars
- 1817—1817: Census of Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia census adds place-of-birth question
- 3 Mar 1817—13 Dec 1819: Alabama Territory Organized
- 4 Mar 1817—4 Mar 1825: James Monroe
 James Monroe U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1817—3 Mar 1825: James Monroe
- 12 Oct 1817—10 Dec 1817: Mississippi
20th State
|
| 64 | 1818 | - 1818—1818: Manchester cotton spinners' strike
- 1818—1819: First Seminole War
- 1818—1818: The 49th parallel becomes border
Canada-US border officially set from Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains
- 12 Mar 1818—3 Dec 1818: Illinois
21st State
- 20 Oct 1818—20 Oct 1818: 'Convention of 1818' signed between the United States and the United Kingdom
which, among other things, settled the US-Canada border on the 49th parallel for most of its
length
|
| 65 | 1819 | - 1819—1819: Singapore founded by Sir Stamford Raffles
- 1819—1819: Britain returns to gold standard
- 1819—1819: Primitive bicycle, the Dandy Horse, becomes popular
- 1819—1819: René Laënnec invents the stethoscope
- 1819—1819: Samuel Fahnestock patents a "soda fountain"
- 3 Feb 1819—14 Jun 1836: Arkansas Territory Organized
Effective 4 July 1819
- May 1819—May 1819: SS 'Savannah' first steamship to cross Atlantic reaching Liverpool 20 June 1819 (26
Days reaching Liverpool 20 June 1819 (26
Days mostly under sail)
- 16 Aug 1819—16 Aug 1819: Peterloo Massacre at Manchester ? a large, orderly group of 60,000 meets at St.
Peter's Fields, Manchester ? demand Parliamentary Reform ? mounted troops charge on the
meeting, killing 11 people and and maiming many others
- 12 1819—14 Dec 1819: Alabama
22nd State
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| 66 | 1820 | - 1820—1820: Abolition of the Spanish Inquisition
- 1820—1820: Cato Street Conspiracy ? plot to assissinate British cabinet
- 1820—1820: Cape Breton Island re-annexed to Nova Scotia
- 1820—1820: Militia land grants
1812-1814 militiamen entitled to land grants
- 29 Jan 1820—29 Jan 1820: Accession of George IV, previously Prince Regent
- 1 Aug 1820—1 Aug 1820: Regent's Canal in London opens
- 17 Aug 1820—17 Aug 1820: Trial of Queen Caroline to prove her infidelities so George IV can divorce her ?
George tries to secure a Bill of Pains and Penalties against her ? Caroline is virtually acquitted
because bill passed by such a small majority of Lords
- 3 1820—15 Mar 1820: Maine
23rd State
- 1 1820—20 Jun 1830: George IV
House of Hanover: Eldest son of George III, Prince Regent, from Feb 1811
|
| 67 | 1821 | - 1821—1821: Constable paints 'The Hay Wain'
- 1821—1821: Faraday publishes 'Principles of electro-magnetic rotation'
- 5 May 1821—5 May 1821: Napoleon Bonaparte dies on St Helena
- 8 Oct 1821—10 Aug 1821: Missouri
24th State
|
| 68 | 1822 | - 14 Jun 1822—14 Jun 1822: Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society
- 3 1822—2 Mar 1845: Florida Territory Organized
|
| 69 | 1823 | - 1823—1823: Rubberised waterproof material produced by MacIntosh
- 1823—1823: Rugby Football 'invented' at Rugby School
- 1823—1823: Peel begins penal reforms ? death penalty abolished for over 100 crimes
- 1823—1823: New laws concerning marriage by license ? 'very troublesome' according to some the Act was repealed all in a hurry at the beginning of the next session
- 1823—1823: Mackintosh (raincoat) invented by Charles Mackintosh of Scotland
- 2 Dec 1823—2 Dec 1823: US President James Monroe delivers a speech establishing American neutrality in
future European conflicts (the 'Monroe Doctrine')
|
| 70 | 1824 | - 1824—1824: Portland cement patented
- 1824—1824: RSPCA established
- 1824—1824: Canada (Land) Company formed
acquires outstanding Crown reserves
- 1824—1824: First annual numerical census of Upper Canada
Census counts 150,066 individuals
- 1824—1824: Professor Michael Faraday invents the first toy balloon
- 1824—1824: Englishmen, Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement, the modern building material
- 4 Mar 1824—4 Mar 1824: Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) founded (called the 'National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck' until 1854)
- 10 May 1824—10 May 1824: National Gallery in London opens to the public
|
| 71 | 1825 | - 1825—1825: William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet
- 4 Mar 1825—4 Mar 1829: John Quincy Adams
 John Quincy Adams U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1825—4 Mar 1829: John Quincy Adams
- 10 May 1825—5 Oct 1825: The Miramichi Fire
200-500 people killed in fire that destroys the New Brunswick towns of Newcastle and Douglastown
- 27 Sep 1825—27 Sep 1825: Stockton to Darlington Railway opens ? world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains
- 6 1825—20 Sep 1825: Lower Canada (Quebec} census
count of population by family
|
| 72 | 1826 | - 1826—1826: Red River flooding
High waters force the complete evacuation of the 10-year-old Red River Colony -- the future Winnipeg, Manitoba
|
| 73 | 1827 | - 1827—1827: Ohm's Law published
- 1827—1827: Charles Wheatstone invents the microphone
- 1827—1827: John Walker invents the modern matches
|
| 74 | 1828 | - 1828—1828: Naturalization commences
Naturalization required for non-British persons
- 11 Jul 1828—1829: Military rolls taken in Canada West (Ontario)
military records name every soldier from 19 to 39 years of age
- 25 Oct 1828—25 Oct 1828: St Katharine Docks in London opened (designed by Thomas Telford)
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| 75 | 1829 | - 1829—1829: Louis Braille invents his system of finger-reading for the blind
- 1829—1829: London Metropolitan Police Force formed, nicknamed 'Bobbies' after Sir Robert Peel
- 1829—1829: Roman Catholics are permitted by law to buy and inherit property and keep records.
- 1829—1829: Welland Canal opens
Lake Ontario to Lake Erie canal opens
- 1829—1829: William Austin Burt patents a typographer, a predecessor to the typewriter
- 1829—1829: Frenchmen, Louis Braille invents braille printing
- 1829—1829: American, W.A. Burt invents a typewriter
- 5 1829—May 1829: Guelph, Ontario, tornado
tornado destroys many homes
- 4 Mar 1829—4 Mar 1837: Andrew Jackson
 Andrew Jackson U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1829—4 Mar 1837: Andrew Jackson
- 10 Jun 1829—10 Jun 1829: First Oxford/Cambridge Boat Race
- 6 Oct 1829—6 Oct 1829: George Stephenson's Rocket wins the Rainhill trials (it was the only one to
complete the trial!)
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| 76 | 1830 | - 1830—1830: Uprisings and agitation across Europe: the Netherlands are split into Holland and
Belgium
- 1830—1830: Frenchmen, B. Thimonnier invents a sewing machine
- Jul 1830—Jul 1830: Revolution in France, fall of Charles X and the Bourbons ? Louis Philippe (the
Citizen King) on the throne
- 15 Sep 1830—15 Sep 1830: George Stephenson's Liverpool & Manchester Railway opened by the Duke of
Wellington ? first mail carried by rail, and first death on the railway as William Huskisson, a
leading politician, is run over!
- 6 1830—20 Jun 1837: William IV
House of Hanover: 3rd son of George III, married Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
|
| 77 | 1831 | - 1831—1831: A list of all parish registers dating prior to 1813 compiled
- 1831—1831: Marriage Act amended
allows Baptist, Congregationalist, Methodist, Mennonite, Independent, Dunkers and Moravian clergy to legally perform marriages
- 1831—1831: American, Cyrus H. McCormick invents the first commercially successful reaper
- 1831—1831: Michael Faraday invents an electric dynamo
- 6 Jan 1831—1 Oct 1831: Lower Canada (Quebec) census
count of population by family
- 1 Jun 1831—1 Jun 1831: James Clark Ross discovers the North Magnetic Pole
- 1 Aug 1831—1 Aug 1831: 'New' London Bridge opens (replaced 1973) ? old bridge (which had existed for over 600 years) then demolished
|
| 78 | 1832 | - 1832—1832: Electric telegraph invented by Morse
- 1832—1832: Electoral Registers introduced
- 1832—1836: Texas Revolutionary War
Texas vs Mexico
- 1832—1832: Englishmen, Louis Braille invents the stereoscope
- 4 Jan 1832—1937: Immigrants quarantined at Grosse Isle
Canada's immigrant quarantine station opens at Grosse Isle
- 14 May 1832—2 Aug 1832: Black Hawk War
 Black Hawk War
- 7 Jun 1832—7 Jun 1832: Reform Bill passed ? Representation of the People Act
- 6 1832—Sep 1832: Cholera epidemic - Canada West
First province-wide cholera epidemic
|
| 79 | 1833 | - 1833—1833: Abolition of slavery
- Jan 1833—Jan 1833: Britain invades the Falkland Islands
- 29 Aug 1833—29 Aug 1833: Factory Act forbids employment of children below age of 9
|
| 80 | 1834 | - 1834—1834: Babbage invents forerunner of the computer
- 1834—1834: Jacob Perkins invents an early refrigerator (really an ether ice machine)
- 1834—1834: Henry Blair patents a corn planter, he is the second black person to receive a U.S. patent
- 7 1834—15 Sep 1834: Cholera epidemic - Canada West
Second province-wide cholera epidemic
- 18 Mar 1834—18 Mar 1834: 'Tolpuddle Martyrs' transported (to Australia) for Trades Union activities
- 1 May 1834—1 May 1834: Slavery abolished in British possessions
|
| 81 | 1835 | - 1835—1835: First railway boom period starts in Britain construction of Great Western Railway
- 1835—1835: Christmas becomes a national holiday
- 1835—1842: Second Seminole War
- 1835—1835: Englishmen, Francis Pettit Smith invents the propeller
- 1835—1835: Englishmen, Henry F. Talbot invents Calotype photography
- 1835—1835: Solymon Merrick patents the wrench
- 1835—1835: Charles Babbage invents a mechanical calculator
- 2 Oct 1835—21 Apr 1836: Texas War of Independence
 Texas War of Independence
- 3 Nov 1835—11 Mar 1835: First formal police force
Canadian police force established in Toronto
|
| 82 | 1836 | - 1836—1836: First Potato famine in Ireland
- 1836—1836: Samuel Colt invented the first revolver
- 30 Jan 1836—30 Jan 1836: Telford's Menai Straits Bridge opened ? considered the world's first modern suspension bridge
- 25 Feb 1836—25 Feb 1836: Samuel Colt patented the 'revolver'
- 6 Mar 1836—6 Mar 1836: The Alamo falls to Mexican troops - death of Davy Crockett
- 11 May 1836—2 Feb 1848: Mexican-American War
 Mexican-American War
- Jul 1836—Jul 1836: Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris
- 6 1836—15 Jun 1836: Arkansas
25th State
- 4 1836—28 May 1848: Wisconsin Territory Organized
Effective date 3 Jul 1836
|
| 83 | 1837 | - 1837—1837: P&O Founded
- 1837—1837: Pitman introduces his shorthand system
- 1837—1837: Samuel Morse invents the telegraph
- 1837—1837: English schoolmaster, Rowland Hill invents the postage stamp
- 11 1837—Dec 1837: Lower Canada Rebellion
French and English rebel against British colonial government
- 12 1837—Dec 1837: Upper Canada Rebellion
An uprising against the ruling clique -- the Family Compact
- 4 Mar 1837—4 Mar 1841: Martin Van Buren
 Martin Van Buren U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1837—4 Mar 1841: Martin van Buren
- 12 Apr 1837—7 Dec 1837: Mackenzie Rebellion
U.S. patriotic rebels fight Loyalists in Toronto
- 20 Jun 1837—20 Jun 1837: William IV dies - accession of Queen Victoria (to 1901)
- 1 Jul 1837—1 Jul 1837: Compulsory registration of Births, Marriages & Deaths in England & Wales -
Registration Districts were formed covering several parishes; initially they had the same
boundaries as the Poor Law boundaries set up in 1834
- 13 Jul 1837—13 Jul 1837: Queen Victoria moves into the first Buckingham Palace
- 20 Jul 1837—20 Jul 1837: Euston Railway station opens - first in London
- 6 1837—22 Jan 1901: Victoria
House of Hanover: Daughter of Edward, 4th son of George III; married (1840) Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who became Prince Consort
- 1 1837—26 Jan 1837: Michigan
26th State
|
| 84 | 1838 | - 1838—1838: Samual Morse invents Morse Code
- 28 Jun 1838—28 Jun 1838: Coronation of Queen Victoria at Westminster Abbey
- 11 Nov 1838—16 Nov 1838: Rebellion of Hastings County, Ontario
U.S. patriots raid Prescott
- 6 Dec 1838—27 Dec 1846: Iowa Territory Organized
Effective date 3 July 1838
|
| 85 | 1839 | - 1839—1839: Charles Goodyear invented vulcanized rubber
- 1839—1839: Scottish blacksmith Kirkpatrick MacMillan refines the primitive bicycle adding a
mechanical crank drive to the rear wheel,thus creating the first true 'bicycle' in the modern
Sense
- 1839—1839: First Opium War between Britain and China (to 1842) - Britain captures Hong Kong
- 1839—1839: Frenchmen, Louis Daguerre and J.N. Niepce co-invent Daguerreotype photography
- 1839—1839: Kirkpatrick Macmillan invents a bicycle
- 1839—1839: American, Charles Goodyear invents rubber vulcanization
- 1839—1839: Welshmen, Sir William Robert Grove conceives of the first hydrogen fuel cell
- 1839—1839: American, Thaddeus Fairbanks invents platform scales
- 1 1839—Jan 1839: Durham Report
Proposal to unite Upper and Lower Canada and assimilate the French
|
| 86 | 1840 | - 1840—1840: Last convicts landed in NSW (some say 1842 or 1849, but these probably landed
elsewhere)
- 1840—1840: Population Act relating to taking of censuses in Britain
- 1840—1840: Englishmen, John Herschel invents the blueprint
- 10 Jan 1840—10 Jan 1840: Uniform Penny Postage introduced nationally
|
| 87 | 1841 | - 1841—1841: Thomas Cook starts package tours
- 1841—1841: The first census of genealogical value is taken.
- 1841—1841: Samuel Slocum patents the stapler
- 10 Feb 1841—10 Feb 1841: Penny Red replaces Penny Black postage stamp
- 4 Mar 1841—4 Apr 1841: William Henry Harrison
 William Henry Harriso
- 3 Apr 1841—4 Apr 1841: William H. Harrison
William Henry Harrison succumbed to pneumonia
- 4 Apr 1841—4 Mar 1845: John Tyler
 John Tyler U.S. Presidency
- 4 Apr 1841—4 Mar 1845: John Tyler
John Tyler the first vice president to succeed to the presidency due to death of a president
- 6 Jun 1841—6 Jun 1841: June 6: First full census in Britain in which all names were recorded (Population 18.5M)
- 2 Oct 1841—10 Feb 1841: Act of Union
Upper and Lower Canada united to become the Province of Canada and renamed to Canada East and Canada West
|
| 88 | 1842 | - 1842—1842: Income Tax reintroduced in Britain
- 1842—1842: Joseph Dart builds the first grain elevator
- 2 Jan 1842—1 Feb 1842: First major census taken
Canada West (Ontario) census counts 487,053 individuals
- 30 Mar 1842—30 Mar 1842: Ether used as an anesthetic for the first time (by Dr Crawford Long in America)
- 29 Aug 1842—29 Aug 1842: Treaty of Nanking - End of First Opium War - Britain gains Hong Kong
|
| 89 | 1843 | - 1843—1843: First Christmas card in England
- 1843—1843: Alexander Bain of Scotland, invents the facsimile
- 27 May 1843—27 May 1843: The Great Hall of Euston station opened in London
- 19 Jul 1843—19 Jul 1843: Brunel's 'Great Britain' launched
|
| 90 | 1844 | - 1844—1844: Englishmen, John Mercer invents mercerized cotton
- 6 Jun 1844—6 Jun 1844: YMCA founded in London by Sir George Williams
|
| 91 | 1845 | - 1845—1845: Tarmac laid for first time (in Nottingham)
- 1845—1845: USA doubles cost of passage to American ports
USA passage fees encourage immigrants to choose Canada as their destination
- 1845—1845: American, Elias Howe invents a sewing machine
- 1845—1845: Robert William Thomson patents the first vulcanised rubber pneumatic tire
- 3 Mar 1845—3 Mar 1845: Florida
27th State
- 4 Mar 1845—4 Mar 1849: James K. Polk
 James K. Polk U.S. Presidency
- 17 Mar 1845—17 Mar 1845: The rubber band patented by Stephen Perry
- 3 Apr 1845—5 Mar 1849: James Polk
- 12 1845—29 Dec 1845: Texas
28th State
- 5 1845—28 Jan 1861: Kansas Territory Organized
|
| 92 | 1846 | - 1846—1846: Canada-U.S. Boundary Completed
- 1846—1846: Dr. William Morton, a Massachusetts dentist, is the first to use anesthesia for tooth extraction
- 10 Sep 1846—10 Sep 1846: The sewing machine is patented by Elias Howe
- 4 1846—2 Feb 1848: Mexican-American War
- 12 1846—28 Dec 1846: Iowa
29th State
|
| 93 | 1847 | - 1847—1847: US Mormons make Salt Lake City their centre
- 1847—1847: Longfellow writes the poem Evangeline
The poem Evangeline by Henry Wadsworth Longefellow is published. A spirit of pride and hope is rekindled among the Acadians.
- 1847—1847: Typhus epidemic
The height of the typhus and cholera epidemic brought by immigrants - the black year of emigration
- 1847—1848: Influenza epidemic
worldwide influenza kills millions
- 1847—1847: Hungarian, Ignaz Semmelweis invents antisceptics
- Jan 1847—Jan 1847: An anesthetic used for the first time in England (James Simpson used ether to numb the pain of labour)
|
| 94 | 1848 | - 1848—1848: First commercial production of chewing gum
- 1848—1848: 1842's followup census completed
Canada West (Ontario) counts 725,897 individuals
- 1848—1848: Waldo Hanchett patents the dental chair
- 24 Jan 1848—24 Jan 1848: Gold found at Sutter's Mill, California - starts the California gold rush
- 11 Jul 1848—11 Jul 1848: Waterloo railway station in London opens
- 8 1848—13 Feb 1859: Oregon Territory Organized
- 5 1848—29 May 1848: Wisconsin
30th State
|
| 95 | 1849 | - 1849—1849: Florin (2 shilling coin) introduced as the first step to decimalisation - which finally
occurred in 1971!
- 1849—1849: Canada's 49th parallel border is extended to the Pacific Ocean
- 1849—1849: Official bilingualism
All Canadian parliament bills are now in both English and French
- 1849—1849: Walter Hunt invents the safety pin
- 3 Mar 1849—10 Nov 1858: Minnesota Territory Organized
- 4 Mar 1849—9 Jul 1850: Zachary Taylor
 Zachary Taylor U.S. Presidency
- 3 May 1849—9 Jul 1850: Zachary Taylor
Zachary Taylor died while in office
- 10 Nov 1849—11 Oct 1849: Annexation Manifesto
Montreal's businessmen call for Canada's annexation by the U.S.
|
| 96 | 1850 | - 1850—1850: Joel Houghton was granted the first dishwasher patent
- 1 Jan 1850—1 Jan 1850: County government
Counties become official units of local government
- 9 Jul 1850—4 Mar 1853: Millard Fillmore
 Millard Fillmore U.S. Presidency
- 6 Sep 1850—3 Jan 1896: Utah Territory Organized
- 9 Sep 1850—5 Jan 1912: New Mexico Territory Organized
- 9 Sep 1850—9 Sep 1850: California
31st State
- 7 Oct 1850—4 Mar 1853: Millard Fillmore
Millard Fillmore, vice president under Zachary Taylor, sworn in as president after Taylor's death
|
| 97 | 1851 | - 1851—1851: Gold discovered in Australia
- 1851—1851: First Canadian postage stamp
Orange-red stamp is created by Sir Sandford Fleming, sells for three pence and features a beaver
- 1851—1851: Toronto-Buffalo rail line constructed
Great Western Railway creates Toronto-Buffalo line
- 1851—1851: Isaac Singer invents a sewing machine
- 1 May 1851—1 May 1851: Great exhibition of the works of industry of all nations ('Crystal Palace' exhibition) opened in Hyde Park
|
| 98 | 1852 | - 1852—1852: Tasmania ceases to be a convict settlement
- 1852—1852: Wells Fargo established in USA
- 1852—1852: Jean Bernard Léon Foucault invents a gyroscope
- 1852—1852: Henri Giffard builds an airship powered by the first aircraft engine - unsuccessful design
- 1 Dec 1852—12 Jan 1852: First "thorough" Canadian census
"1851" census includes Canada West, Canada East, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, but was not completed until 1853
|
| 99 | 1853 | - 1853—1853: Vaccination against smallpox made compulsory in Britain
- 1853—1853: George Cayley invents a manned glider
- 3 Feb 1853—10 Nov 1889: Washington Territory Organized
- 4 Mar 1853—4 Mar 1857: Franklin Pierce
 Franklin Pierce U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1853—4 Mar 1857: Franklin Pierce
|
| 100 | 1854 | - 1854—1854: Cigarettes introduced into Britain
- 1854—1854: John Tyndall demonstrates the principles of fiber optics
- 27 Mar 1854—27 Mar 1854: Britain declares war on Russia (Crimean War)
- 25 Oct 1854—25 Oct 1854: Battle of Balaklava in Crimea (charge of the Light Brigade)
- 5 1854—28 Feb 1867: Nebraska Territory Organized
|
| 101 | 1855 | - 1855—1855: Civil registration begins.
- 1855—1855: Ice Hockey
The first game of ice hockey is believed to have been played in Kingston, Ontario
- 1855—1855: Isaac Singer patents the sewing machine motor
- 1855—1855: Georges Audemars invents rayon
- 1 Jan 1855—1 Jan 1855: Ottawa named
The logging town of Bytown is renamed to Ottawa
|
| 102 | 1856 | - 1856—1856: End of Crimean War
- 1856—1856: Louis Pasteur invents pasteurisation
- 29 Jan 1856—29 Jan 1856: Victoria Cross created by Royal Warrant, backdated to 1854 to recognise acts
during the Crimean War (first award ceremony 26 June 1857)
|
| 103 | 1857 | - 1857—1857: Work starts on the laying of the Transatlantic cable
- 1857—1857: Ottawa is declared the capital of Canada by Queen Victoria
- 1857—1857: George Pullman invents the Pullman Sleeping Car for train travel
- 4 Mar 1857—4 Mar 1861: James Buchanan
 James Buchanan U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1857—4 Mar 1861: James Buchanan
|
| 104 | 1858 | - 1858—1858: Royal Opera House opens in Covent Garden, London
- 1858—1858: 'The great stink' - smell of the River Thames forced Parliament to stop work
- 1858—1858: Jean Lenoir invents an internal combustion engine
- 1858—1858: Hamilton Smith patents the rotary washing machine
- 5 Nov 1858—11 May 1858: Minnesota
32nd State
|
| 105 | 1859 | - 1859—1859: Peaceful picketing legalised in Britain
- 25 Apr 1859—25 Apr 1859: Work started on building the Suez canal (opened 17 Nov 1869)
- 4 May 1859—4 May 1859: Brunel's Royal Albert Bridge opened at Saltash giving rail link between Devon
and Cornwall
- 24 Nov 1859—24 Nov 1859: Charles Darwin publishes 'The Origin of Species'
- 2 1859—14 Feb 1859: Oregon
33rd State
|
| 106 | 1860 | - 1860—1860: The Maple Leaf
first used as official emblem of Canada during visit from the Prince of Wales
- 29 Aug 1860—29 Aug 1860: First tram service in Europe starts in Birkenhead
|
| 107 | 1861 | - 1861—1861: Elisha Otis patents elevator safety brakes, creating a safer elevator
- 1861—1861: Pierre Michaux invents a bicycle
- 1861—1861: Linus Yale invents the Yale lock or cylinder lock
- 2 Feb 1861—1 Nov 1889: North Dakota Territory Organized
- 3 Feb 1861—1 Nov 1889: South Dakota Territory Organized
- 3 Feb 1861—30 Oct 1864: Nevada Territory Organized
- 4 Mar 1861—15 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln
 Abraham Lincoln U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1861—15 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln shot by John Wilkes Booth on 14 Apr 1865 and dies the next day
- 12 Apr 1861—9 Apr 1865: American Civil War
 American Civil War
- 25 May 1861—25 May 1861: American Civil War begins
- 1 1861—14 Jan 1861: Canadian census
1861 census includes Canada West, Canada East, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island
- 4 1861—9 Apr 1865: Civil War
Union vs Confederacy
- 2 1861—31 Jul 1876: Colorado Territory Organized
- 1 1861—29 Jan 1861: Kansas
34th State
|
| 108 | 1862 | - 1862—1862: Lincoln issues first legal US paper money (Greenbacks)
- 1862—1862: Alexander Parkes invents the first man-made plastic
- 1862—1862: Dr. Richard Gatling patents the machine gun
- 20 Apr 1862—20 Apr 1862: First pasteurisation test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
|
| 109 | 1863 | - 1863—1863: Opening of state institution for criminally insane at Broadmoor, England
- 1863—1863: Football Association founded (UK)
- 1863—1863: Denmark goes to war against Prussia and Austria. In the Treaty of Prague (1866), Denmark cedes Schleswig-Holstein to Prussia (Ge
- 10 Jan 1863—10 Jan 1863: First section of the London Underground Railway opens
- 3 Mar 1863—2 Jul 1890: Idaho Territory Organized
- 6 1863—20 Jun 1863: West Virginia
35th State
- 2 1863—13 Feb 1912: Arizona Territory Organized
|
| 110 | 1864 | - 1864—1864: A man-powered submarine, 'Hunley' sank a Federal steam ship USS Housatonic at the entrance to Charleston harbour in 1864 - the first recorded successful attack by a submarine on a surface ship
- 11 Mar 1864—11 Mar 1864: The Great Sheffield Flood - over 250 died when a new dam broke while it was being filled for the first time
- 20 Aug 1864—20 Aug 1864: Red Cross established - Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention
- 8 Dec 1864—8 Dec 1864: Clifton Suspension Bridge over the River Avon officially opened
- 5 1864—7 Nov 1889: Montana Territory Organized
- 10 1864—31 Oct 1864: Nevada
36th State
|
| 111 | 1865 | - 1865—1865: First concrete roads built in Britain
- 1865—1865: Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) becomes first woman doctor in England [she later became the first woman mayor in England, in Aldeburgh 1908]
- 14 Apr 1865—14 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln assassinated in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth
- 14 Apr 1865—14 Apr 1865: End of American Civil War - slavery abolished in USA
- 15 Apr 1865—4 Mar 1869: Andrew Johnson
 Andrew Johnson U.S. Presidency
- 12 Jun 1865—6 Dec 1865: 13th Amendment ratified
- 5 Jul 1865—5 Jul 1865: William Booth (1829-1912) founds Salvation Army, in London
- 4 1865—4 Mar 1869: Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson, vice president under Abraham Lincoln, sworn in as president upon Lincoln's death
- 1 1865—31 Jan 1865: 13th Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 112 | 1866 | - 1866—1866: Fenian Raids
Irish Americans raid Canada
- 1866—1866: Ontario Gold Rush
Gold discovered in Eldorado, Hastings County, Ontario
- 1866—1866: Englishmen Robert Whitehead invents a torpedo
- 1866—1866: J. Osterhoudt patents the tin can with a key opener
- 1866—1866: Alfred Nobel invents dynamite
- 6 1866—13 Jun 1866: 14th Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 113 | 1867 | - 1867—1867: Christopher Scholes invents the first practical and modern typewriter
- 3 Jan 1867—1 Mar 1867: Nebraska
37th State
- 7 Jan 1867—1 Jul 1867: 10-year census taking becomes a legal requirement
the first census of The Dominion of Canada is scheduled for 1871 and every 10 years after
- 7 Jan 1867—1 Jul 1867: Confederation
British North America Act creates the Dominion of Canada from the provinces of Canada (Upper and Lower), New Brunswick and Nova Scotia
- 1 Jul 1867—1 Jul 1867: The British North America Act takes effect, creating the Canadian Confederation
|
| 114 | 1868 | - 1868—1868: Last convicts landed in Australia (Western Australia)
- 1868—1868: Vote given to male British subjects
British males, 21 years of age or older who own, rent or occupy property of specified values are entitled to vote
- 1868—1868: J P Knight invents traffic lights
- 1868—1868: George Westinghouse invents air brakes
- 1868—1868: Robert Mushet invents tungsten steel
- 7 1868—19 Jul 1868: 14th Amendment ratified
- 7 1868—9 Jul 1890: Wyoming Territory Organized
|
| 115 | 1869 | - 1869—1869: Ball bearings, celluloid, margarine, and washing machines, all invented
- 7 Jan 1869—1 Jul 1869: Ontario begins BMD registration
Start of Ontario's registration of births, marriages and deaths
- 4 Mar 1869—4 Mar 1877: Ulysses S. Grant
 Ulysses S. Grant U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1869—5 Mar 1877: Ulysses Grant
- 23 Nov 1869—23 Nov 1869: Cutty Sark launched in Dumbarton
- 11 1869—15 Jul 1870: Rupert's Land joins Canada
Canada purchases Rupert's Land from Hudson's Bay Company. Some of this land is added to Ontario, and the rest is later divided into the provinces of Manitoba, Alberta and Saskatchewan and the Northwest Territories
- 2 1869—26 Feb 1869: 15th Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 116 | 1870 | - 1870—1870: Diamonds discovered in Kimberley, South Africa
- 1870—1870: Water closets come into wide use
- 1870—1870: Dr Thomas Barnardo opens his first home for destitute children
- 1870—1870: GPO takes over the privately-owned Telegraph Companies (nationalised)
- 1870—1870: First census of British Columbia
- 2 Mar 1870—3 Feb 1870: 15th Amendment ratified
- 1 Oct 1870—1 Oct 1870: First British postcard - halfpenny post
- 7 1870—15 Jul 1870: Manitoba created
Part of Rupert's Land becomes Manitoba -- the fifth province
- 7 1870—15 Jul 1870: Northwest Territories created
Part of Rupert's Land becomes the Northwest Territories
|
| 117 | 1871 | - 4 Feb 1871—2 Apr 1871: Dominion of Canada Census
The first national census after Confederation includes Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia - counts 3,689,257
- 27 Mar 1871—27 Mar 1871: First Rugby Football international, England v Scotland, played in Edinburgh
- 29 Mar 1871—29 Mar 1871: Opening of Royal Albert Hall, London
- 29 Jun 1871—29 Jun 1871: Trades Unions legalised in Britain, but picketing made illegal
- 7 1871—20 Jul 1871: British Columbia joins Canada
British Columbia becomes Canada's sixth province
|
| 118 | 1872 | - 1872—1872: Penalties introduced for failing to register births, marriages & deaths (Eng & Wales)
- 1872—1872: Licensing hours introduced
- 1872—1872: Chinese and First Nations banned from voting in BC
The British Columbia Qualifications of Voters Act denies the Chinese and First Nations peoples the right to vote
- 1872—1872: Dominion Land Act
Prairies opened for settlement by offer of 160 acres of land to each settler, resident for 3 years and paying a $10 filing fee
- 1872—1872: A.M. Ward issues the first mail-order catalog
- 1872—1872: J.S. Risdon patents the metal windmill
- 4 Dec 1872—4 Dec 1872: American ship 'Mary Celeste' is found abandoned by the British brig 'Dei Gratia' in the Atlantic Ocean
|
| 119 | 1873 | - 1873—1873: North-West Mounted Police created
"Mounties" formed from civilians to patrol the west
- 1873—1873: Joseph Glidden invents barbed wire
- 7 Jan 1873—1 Jul 1873: Prince Edward Island joins Canada
Prince Edward Island becomes Canada's seventh province
- 5 1873—13 May 1873: Nova Scotia coal mine explosion
60 men die in Westville, Nova Scotia when a coal mine is destroyed by fire and explosion
- 8 1873—25 Aug 1873: The Great Nova Scotia Cyclone
500 killed by cyclone
|
| 120 | 1874 | - 1874—1874: Factory Act introduces 56-hour week
- 1874—1874: Voting rights extended
male British subjects 21 years old and over, with annual income of $400 and 'enfranchised Indians' given the right to vote
- 1874—1874: American, C. Goodyear, Jr. invents the shoe welt stitcher
- 5 Apr 1874—5 Apr 1874: Birkenhead Park opened, said to be the first civic public park in the world - features of it later copied in Central Park, New York
|
| 121 | 1875 | - 1875—1875: London's main sewage system completed
- 1875—1875: Supreme Court of Canada established
- 1875—1875: Western Indian treaties signed
- 1 Jan 1875—1 Jan 1875: Midland Railway abolishes Second Class passenger facilities, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies followed during the rest of the year. (Third Class was renamed Second Class in 1956)
|
| 122 | 1876 | - 1876—1876: Nicolaus August Otto invents the first practical four-stroke internal combustion engine
- 1876—1876: Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone
- 1876—1876: Melville Bissell patents the carpet sweeper
- 8 Jan 1876—1 Aug 1876: Colorado
38th State
- 14 Feb 1876—14 Feb 1876: Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray each file a patent for the telephone - Bell awarded the rights
|
| 123 | 1877 | - 1877—1877: Edison invents microphone and phonograph
- 1877—1877: Thomas Edison invents the cylinder phonograph or tin foil phonograph
- 1877—1877: Eadweard Muybridge invents the first moving pictures
- 4 Mar 1877—4 Mar 1881: Rutherford B. Hayes
 Rutherford B. Hayes U.S. Presidenc
- 3 May 1877—4 Mar 1881: Rutherford Hayes
|
| 124 | 1878 | - 1878—1878: CID established at New Scotland Yard
- 1878—1878: Edison & Swan invent electric lamp
- 1878—1878: Red Flag Act in Britain limits mechanical road vehicles to 4mph
- 1878—1878: Sir Joseph Wilson Swan was the first person to invent a practical and longer-lasting electic lightbulb
|
| 125 | 1879 | - 18 Sep 1879—18 Sep 1879: Blackpool illuminations switched on for first time
|
| 126 | 1880 | - 1880—1880: Mosquito found to be the carrier of malaria
- 1880—1880: Education Act: schooling compulsory for 5-10 year olds
- 1880—7 Nov 1885: Chinese build railroad
The construction of the western section of the Canadian Pacific Railway employs thousands of Chinese workers
- 1880—1880: Englishmen, John Milne invents the modern seismograph
- 1880—1880: The British Perforated Paper Company invents a form of toilet paper
- 2 Aug 1880—2 Aug 1880: Greenwich Mean Time adopted throughout UK
|
| 127 | 1881 | - 1881—1881: Postal Orders introduced
- 1881—1881: Flogging abolished in Army and Royal Navy
- 1881—1881: First Acadian Convention at Memramcook
First Acadian Convention at Memramcook. The Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Mother is voted as the Acadian National holiday and is celebrated each year on August 15th.
- 1881—1881: David Houston patents the roll film for cameras
- 1881—1881: Alexander Graham Bell invents the first crude metal detector
- 1881—1881: Edward Leveaux patents the automatic player piano
- 4 Mar 1881—19 Sep 1881: James A. Garfield
 James A. Garfield U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1881—19 Sep 1881: James Garfield
James Garfield wounded by assassin's bullet on 3 Jul 1881 and dies 19 Sep 1881
- 4 Apr 1881—4 Apr 1881: Census of Canada
counts 4,324,810 individuals
- Sep 1881—Sep 1881: Godalming in Surrey became the first town in England to have a public electricity
supply installed (but in 1884 it reverted to gas lighting until 1904)
- 19 Sep 1881—4 Mar 1885: Chester A. Arthur
 Chester A. Arthur U.S. Presidency
- 26 Oct 1881—26 Oct 1881: Gunfight at OK Corral
- 9 1881—4 Mar 1885: Chester A. Arthur
Chester A. Arthur, vice president under James Garfield, sworn in as president upon the death of Garfield
|
| 128 | 1882 | - 1882—1882: Fourth Eddystone Lighthouse completed
- 1882—1882: Home children arrive
First shipload of sponsored immigrant children arrive in Canada (Dr. Barnardo Homes etc.)
- 1882—1882: Northwest Territories divided
Athabasca, Assiniboia, Alberta and Saskatchewan created
|
| 129 | 1883 | - 1883—1883: Statue of Liberty presented to USA by France
- 24 May 1883—24 May 1883: Brooklyn Bridge, New York opens (crosses East River)
- 1 Aug 1883—1 Aug 1883: Parcel post starts in Britain
- 27 Aug 1883—27 Aug 1883: Eruption of Krakatoa near Java - 30,000 killed by tidal wave
|
| 130 | 1884 | - 1884—1884: Second Acadian Convention at Miscouche
Second Acadian Convention at Miscouche on Prince Edward Island. The tri-color with gold star is approved as the Acadian flag and the hymn Ave Maris Stella becomes the national anthem of the Acadians.
- 1884—1884: Voting rights extended
Spinsters and widows permitted to vote in municipal elections
- 1884—1884: James Ritty invents the first working, mechanical cash register
- 1884—1884: Charles Parson patents the steam turbine
- 1884—1884: Lewis Edson Waterman invents the first practical fountain pen
- 1884—1884: George Eastman patents paper-strip photographic film
- 1884—1884: Frenchmen, H. de Chardonnet invents rayon
- 31 May 1884—31 May 1884: John Harvey Kellogg patents corn flakes
- 13 Oct 1884—13 Oct 1884: Greenwich made prime meridian of the world
|
| 131 | 1885 | - 1885—1885: Canadian Pacific Railway completed
- 1885—1885: Gottlieb Daimler patents the world's first motorcycle
- 1885—1885: Eastman makes first coated photographic paper
- 1885—1885: Carl Benz builds the 'Motorwagen', a single-cylinder motor car
- 1885—1885: Karl Benz invents the first practical automobile to be powered by an internal-combustion engine
- 1885—1885: Harim Maxim invents the machine gun
- 1885—1885: Gottlieb Daimler invents the first gas-engined motorcycle
- Mar 1885—Mar 1885: First UK cremation in modern times took place at Woking
- 4 Mar 1885—4 Mar 1889: Grover Cleveland
 Grover Cleveland U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1885—4 Mar 1889: Grover Cleveland
- 11 Jul 1885—7 Nov 1885: Canadian Pacific Railway Completed
'Here on November 7, 1885, a plain iron spike welded East to West', says a plaque in Craigellachie, Eagle Pass, BC
- 5 Sep 1885—5 Sep 1885: The first train runs through the Severn Tunnel
- 29 Sep 1885—29 Sep 1885: First electric tramcar used at Blackpool
- 11 1885—16 Nov 1885: Louis Riel hanged
Accused of treason for leading the Métis resistance, Louis Riel's hanging in Regina further degrades English-French relations
|
| 132 | 1886 | - 1886—1886: Gottlieb Daimler builds the world's first four-wheeled motor vehicle
- 1886—1886: John Pemberton invents Coca Cola
- 1886—1886: Josephine Cochrane invents the dishwasher
- 20 Jan 1886—20 Jan 1886: Mersey railway (under Mersey) opened by Prince of Wales
- May 1886—May 1886: Pharmacist John Styth Pemberton invents a carbonated beverage later named 'Coca-Cola'
- 29 May 1886—29 May 1886: Putney Bridge opens in London
|
| 133 | 1887 | - 1887—1887: Daimler produces a four-wheeled motor car
- 1887—1887: German, Heinrich Hertz invents radar
- 1887—1887: Rowell Hodge patents barbed wire
- 1887—1887: Emile Berliner invents the gramophone
- 1887—1887: F.E. Muller and Adolph Fick invent the first wearable contact lenses
- 5 Mar 1887—3 May 1887: Coal mine explosion in Nanaimo, BC
148 killed in mine explosion
|
| 134 | 1888 | - 1888—1888: First box camera - George Eastman registers the trademark Kodak, and receives a patent
for his camera which uses roll film
- 1888—1888: Dunlop invents pneumatic tyre
- 1888—1888: County Councils set up in Britain
- 1888—1888: Jack the Ripper active in east London during the latter half of the year
- 1888—1888: Convention of Constantinople guarantees free maritime passage through Suez Canal in war and peace
- 1888—1888: Voting rights extended
All adult male British subjects except unenfranchised Indians living on reserves are permitted to vote
- 1888—1888: John Boyd Dunlop patents a commercially successful pneumatic tire
- 1888—1888: Nikola Tesla invents the AC motor and transformer
- 1888—1888: Marvin Stone patents the spiral winding process to manufacture the first paper drinking straws
- 20 Mar 1888—20 Mar 1888: Football League formed
|
| 135 | 1889 | - 1889—1889: Dock Strike - docker's won their 'Docker's Tanner' 6 old pennies
- 1889—1889: Celluloid film produced
- 1889—1889: Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act
Ontario's western boundary extended to west of Lake Superior
- 1889—1889: Sir James Dewar and Sir Frederick Abel co-invent Cordite - a type of smokeless gunpowder
- 1889—1889: Joshua Pusey invents the matchbook
- 11 Feb 1889—2 Nov 1889: South Dakota
40th State
- 11 Feb 1889—2 Nov 1889: North Dakota
39th State
- 4 Mar 1889—4 Mar 1893: Benjamin Harrison
 Benjamin Harrison U.S. Presidency
- 31 Mar 1889—31 Mar 1889: Eiffel Tower completed (to mark centenary of French Revolution)
- 3 Apr 1889—4 Mar 1893: Benjamin Harrison
- 14 May 1889—14 May 1889: Children's charity NSPCC launched in London
- 3 Jun 1889—3 Jun 1889: Canadian Pacific Railway completed from coast to coast
- 11 Aug 1889—8 Nov 1889: Montana
41st State
- 28 Sep 1889—28 Sep 1889: Length of a metre defined
- 11 Nov 1889—11 Nov 1889: Washington
42nd State
|
| 136 | 1890 | - 5 Feb 1890—15 Nov 1907: Indian Territory Organized
The most of the area that is present day Oklahoma was divided into Oklahoma and Indian Territory
- 5 Feb 1890—15 Nov 1907: Oklahoma Territory Organized
The most of the area that is present day Oklahoma was divided into Oklahoma and Indian Territory
- 4 Mar 1890—4 Mar 1890: Forth railway bridge opens - took six years to build
- 7 Mar 1890—3 Jul 1890: Idaho
43rd State
- 7 Oct 1890—10 Jul 1890: Wyoming
44th State
- 4 Nov 1890—4 Nov 1890: City & South London Railway opens - London's first deep-level tube railway
and first major railway in the world to use electric traction
|
| 137 | 1891 | - 1891—1891: Primary education made free and compulsory
- 1891—1891: First Children's Aid Society is established in Toronto
- 1891—1891: Jesse W. Reno invents the escalator
- 18 Mar 1891—18 Mar 1891: First telephone link between London & Paris
- 4 May 1891—4 May 1891: Fictional date when Sherlock Holmes throws Moriarty over Reichenbach Falls, then disappears for 3 years! (published in 1893)
- 4 Jun 1891—6 Apr 1891: Census of Canada
counts 4,833,239 individuals
- 24 Aug 1891—24 Aug 1891: Thomas Edison patents the motion picture camera
|
| 138 | 1892 | - 1892—1892: Electric oven invented
- 1892—1892: Shop Hours Act - limit 74 hours per week for under-18's
- 1892—1892: Sir James Dewar invents the Dewar flask or vacuum flask
- 1892—1892: Rudolf Diesel invents the diesel-fueled internal combustion engine
- 6 Oct 1892—6 Oct 1892: Alfred Lord Tennyson dies, aged 83, at his house Aldworth, near Haslemere
|
| 139 | 1893 | - 1893—1893: Zip fastener invented
- 1893—1893: Henry Ford's first car
- 1893—1893: American, W.L. Judson invents the zipper
- 1893—1893: Edward Goodrich Acheson invents carborundum
- 4 Mar 1893—4 Mar 1897: Grover Cleveland
Grover Cleveland U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1893—4 Mar 1897: Grover Cleveland
|
| 140 | 1894 | - 1894—1894: Picture postcard introduced in Britain
- 1 Jan 1894—1 Jan 1894: Manchester Ship Canal opens
- 1 Mar 1894—1 Mar 1894: Blackpool Tower opens
- 30 Jun 1894—30 Jun 1894: Tower Bridge first opens
- 2 Aug 1894—2 Aug 1894: Death duties first introduced in Britain
|
| 141 | 1895 | - 1895—1895: Sir Henry Wood starts Promenade Concerts in London
- 1895—1895: Lumiere Brothers using their Cinematographe are the first to present a projected motion picture to an audience of more that one
- 1895—1895: Lumiere Brothers invent a portable motion-picture camera, film processing unit and projector called the Cinematographe
- 12 Jan 1895—12 Jan 1895: The National Trust founded in England
- 24 May 1895—24 May 1895: Henry Irving becomes the first person from the theatre to be knighted
- 28 May 1895—28 May 1895: Oscar Wilde sent to prison
- 12 Jul 1895—12 Jul 1895: First recorded motor journey of any length (56 miles) in Britain
- 17 Oct 1895—17 Oct 1895: First people in Britain to be charged with motor offences - John Henry Knight and James Pullinger of Farnham, Surrey
- Nov 1895—Nov 1895: X-rays discovered
|
| 142 | 1896 | - 1896—1896: Gold discovered in Yukon
Gold found in Bonanza Creek, Klondike River, Yukon
- 1896—1896: American, H. O'Sullivan invents the rubber heel
- 1 Apr 1896—4 Jan 1896: Utah
45th State
- 5 Apr 1896—5 Apr 1896: First modern Olympic Games held in Athens
- 2 Jun 1896—2 Jun 1896: Guglielmo Marconi receives a British patent (later disputed) for the radio
|
| 143 | 1897 | - 1897—1897: Thomas Edison patents the Kinetoscope, the first movie projector
- 4 Mar 1897—14 Sep 1901: William McKinley
 William McKinley U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1897—14 Sep 1901: William McKinley
William McKinley dies in Buffalo, NY.
|
| 144 | 1898 | - 1898—1898: Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company founded
- 1898—1898: Zeppelin builds airship
- 1898—1898: First photograph using artificial light
- 1898—1898: Klondike gold rush
Gold rush along the upper Yukon River
- 1898—1898: Yukon gold rush
- 1898—1898: Rudolf Diesel receives patent #608,845 for an "internal combustion engine" the Diesel engine
- 1898—1898: Edwin Prescott patents the roller coaster
- 17 Mar 1898—17 Mar 1898: USS Holland launched, the first practical submarine
- 25 Apr 1898—12 Aug 1898: Spanish-American War
 Spanish-American War
- 27 Jun 1898—27 Jun 1898: The first solo circumnavigation of the globe completed at Rhode island by
Joshua Slocum in Spray (started from Boston, Mass on Apr 24, 1895)
- 7 Jul 1898—20 Aug 1959: Territory of Hawaii was Oraganized
- 6 1898—13 Jun 1898: The Yukon joins Canada
Yukon becomes an entity separate from the North-West Territories
- 4 1898—10 Dec 1898: Spanish-American War
United States vs Spain
|
| 145 | 1899 | - 1899—1899: J.S. Thurman patents the motor-driven vacuum cleaner
- 1899—1899: I.R. Johnson patents the bicycle frame
- 6 Mar 1899—6 Mar 1899: Aspirin first marketed by Bayer
- 2 Jun 1899—4 Jul 1902: Philippine-American War
 Philippine-American War
- 11 Oct 1899—11 Oct 1899: Start of Second Boer War
- 2 Nov 1899—7 Sep 1901: Boxer Rebellion
 Boxer Rebellion
- 10 1899—30 Oct 1899: Boer War
Canadian troops sent overseas for the first time to fight in the Boer War, but this is opposed by Quebec
|
| 146 | 1900 | - 1900—1900: School leaving age in Britain raised to 14 years
- 1900—1900: Central Line opens in London: underground is electrified
- 1900—1900: Escalator shown at Paris exhibition
- 1900—1900: The zeppelin invented by Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin
- 1900—1900: Charles Seeberger redesigned Jesse Reno's escalator and invented the modern escalator
- 9 Feb 1900—9 Feb 1900: Davis Cup tennis competition established
- 27 Feb 1900—27 Feb 1900: Labour Party formed
|
| 147 | 1901 | - 1901—1901: Hubert Cecil Booth patents the vacuum cleaner
- 1901—1901: Commonwealth of Australia founded
- 1901—1901: King Camp Gillette invents the double-edged safety razor
- 1901—1901: The first radio receiver, successfully received a radio transmission
- 1901—1901: Hubert Booth invents a compact and modern vacuum cleaner
- 22 Jan 1901—22 Jan 1901: Queen Victoria dies - Edward VII king
- 2 Feb 1901—2 Feb 1901: Queen Victoria's funeral - interred beside Prince Albert in the Frogmore
Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park
- Jun 1901—Jun 1901: Denunciation of use of concentration camps by British in Boer War
- 14 Sep 1901—4 Mar 1909: Theodore Roosevelt
 Theodore Roosevelt U.S. Presidenc
- 2 Oct 1901—2 Oct 1901: Britain's first submarine launched
- 12 Dec 1901—12 Dec 1901: First successful radio transmission across the Atlantic, by Marconi - Morse
code from Cornwall to Newfoundland
- 9 1901—4 Mar 1909: Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt, vice president under William McKinley, sworn in as president upon death of McKinley
- 1 1901—6 May 1910: Edward VII
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha: Eldest son of Victoria, married Alexandra, Princess of Denmark
- 3 1901—31 Mar 1901: Census of Canada
counts 5,371,315 individuals
|
| 148 | 1902 | - 1902—1902: Marie Curie discovers radioactivity
- 1902—1902: Cremation Act - cremation can only take place at officially recognised establishments,
and with two death certificates issued
- 1902—1902: Balfour's Education Act provides for secondary education
- 1902—1902: Willis Carrier invents the air conditioner
- 1902—1902: French physicist George Claude invents neon light
- 1902—1902: The lie detector or polygraph machine is invented by James Mackenzie
- 1902—1902: The birth of the Teddy Bear
- 24 May 1902—24 May 1902: Empire Day (later Commonwealth Day) first celebrated
- 31 May 1902—31 May 1902: Treaty of Vereeniging ends Second Boer War
- 9 Aug 1902—9 Aug 1902: Coronation of Edward VII
|
| 149 | 1903 | - 1903—1903: Women's Social and Political Union formed in Britain by Emmeline Pankhurst
- 1903—1903: Henry Ford sets up his motor company
- 1903—1903: Workers' Education Association (WEA) formed in Britain
- 1903—1903: Canada loses the Alaska Boundary Dispute to the USA
- 1903—1903: Edward Binney and Harold Smith co-invent crayons
- 1903—1903: Bottle-making machinery invented by Michael J. Owens
- 1903—1903: The Wright brothers invent the first gas motored and manned airplane
- 1903—1903: Mary Anderson invents windshield wipers
- 1903—1903: William Coolidge invents ductile tungsten used in lightbulbs
- 14 Dec 1903—14 Dec 1903: First flight of Wilbur & Orville Wright
- 4 1903—29 Apr 1903: Frank Slide, Alberta
Turtle Mountain landslide, caused by mining, buries town and population of Frank in Alberta
|
| 150 | 1904 | - 1904—1904: Leeds University established
- 1904—1904: Teabags invented by Thomas Suillivan
- 1904—1904: Benjamin Holt invents a tractor
- 1904—1904: John A Fleming invents a vacuum diode or Fleming valve
- 8 Apr 1904—8 Apr 1904: France and UK sign the Entente Cordiale
- 4 May 1904—4 May 1904: America takes over construction of the Panama Canal from the French
(completed 1914)
|
| 151 | 1905 | - 1905—1905: Germany lays down the first Dreadnought battleship
- 1905—1905: Aliens Act in Britain: Home Office controls immigration
- 1905—1905: The title 'Prime Minister' noted in a royal warrant for the first time - placed the Prime
Minister in order of precedence in Britain immediately after the Archbishop of York
- 1905—1905: Albert Einstein published the Theory of Relativity and made famous the equation, E = mc2
- 1905—1905: Mary Anderson receives a patent for windshield wipers
- 9 Jan 1905—1 Sep 1905: Alberta and Saskatchewan join Canada
Alberta and Saskatchewan become Canada's eighth and ninth provinces
- 11 Apr 1905—11 Apr 1905: Einstein publishes Special Theory of Relativity
|
| 152 | 1906 | - 1906—1906: Introduction of free school meals for poor children
- 1906—1906: Amundsen traverses the North-West Passage
- 1906—1906: William Kellogg invents Cornflakes
- 1906—1906: Lewis Nixon invents the first sonar like device
- 1906—1906: Lee Deforest invents electronic amplifying tube (triode)
- 10 Feb 1906—10 Feb 1906: Launching of HMS Dreadnought, first turbine-driven battleship
- 15 Mar 1906—15 Mar 1906: Rolls-Royce Ltd registered
- 26 May 1906—26 May 1906: Vauxhall Bridge opened in London
- 20 Sep 1906—20 Sep 1906: Launching of Cunard's RMS Mauretania on the Tyne
- 6 1906—24 Jun 1906: Census of Northwest Provinces
Census of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Quinquennial censuses instituted
|
| 153 | 1907 | - 1907—1907: Lumiere develops a process for colour photography
- 1907—1907: First airship flies over London
- 1907—1907: New Zealand becomes a Dominion
- 1907—1907: Imperial College, London, is established
- 1907—1907: Leo Baekeland invents the first synthetic plastic called Bakelite
- 1907—1907: Color photography invented by Auguste and Louis Lumiere
- 1907—1907: The very first piloted helicopter was invented by Paul Cornu
- Jul 1907—Jul 1907: Leo Hendrik Baekeland patents Bakelite, the first plastic invented that held its
shape after being heated
- 1 Aug 1907—1 Aug 1907: Baden-Powell leads the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island
- 9 Nov 1907—9 Nov 1907: The Cullinan Diamond presented to Edward VII on his birthday
- 11 1907—16 Nov 1907: Oklahoma
46th State. The area that had been Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory were united to become one state.
|
| 154 | 1908 | - 1908—1908: Lord Baden-Powell starts the Boy Scout movement
- 1908—1908: Separate courts for juveniles established in Britain
- 1908—1908: Coal Mines Regulation Act in Britain limits men to an eight hour day
- 1908—1908: Border Ports established
Ports of entry established for customs and immigration
- 1908—1908: The gyrocompass invented by Elmer A. Sperry
- 1908—1908: Cellophane invented by Jacques E. Brandenberger
- 1908—1908: Model T first sold
- 1908—1908: J W Geiger and W Müller invent the geiger counter
- 1908—1908: Fritz Haber invents the Haber Process for making artificial nitrates
- 1 Jul 1908—1 Jul 1908: SOS became effective as an international signal of distress
- 12 Aug 1908—12 Aug 1908: First 'Model T' Ford made
|
| 155 | 1909 | - 1909—1909: First commercial manufacture of Bakelite - start of the plastic age
- 1909—1909: Peary reaches the north pole
- 1909—1909: Beveridge Report prompts creation of labour Exchanges
- 1909—1909: Instant coffee invented by G. Washington
- 1 Jan 1909—1 Jan 1909: Old Age Pensions Act came into force
- 16 Jan 1909—16 Jan 1909: Ernest Shackleton's expedition finds the magnetic South Pole
- 7 Feb 1909—2 Jul 1909: 16th Amendment passed by Congress
- 4 Mar 1909—4 Mar 1913: William Howard Taft
 William Howard Taft U.S. Presidency
- 15 Mar 1909—15 Mar 1909: Selfridges department store opens in London
- 3 Apr 1909—4 Mar 1913: William Taft
- 25 Jul 1909—25 Jul 1909: Bleriot flies across the Channel (36 minutes, Calais to Dover)
|
| 156 | 1910 | - 1910—1910: Halley's comet reappears
- 1910—1910: Tango becomes popular in North America and Europe
- 1910—1910: Madame Curie isolates radium
- 1910—1910: Dr Crippen caught by radio telegraphy; hanged 23 Nov at Pentonville
- 1910—1910: Constitutional crisis in Britain
- 1910—1910: Railway strike and coal strikes in Britain
- 1910—1910: Thomas Edison demonstrated the first talking motion picture
- 1910—1910: Georges Claude displayed the first neon lamp to the public on December 11, 1910, in Paris
- 6 May 1910—6 May 1910: Edward VII dies - George V becomes King
- 5 Jun 1910—20 Jan 1936: George V
House of Windsor (name adopted Jul 17, 1917): 2nd son of Edward VII, married Princess Mary of Teck. Accession, Jan 20, abdication, Dec 10.
|
| 157 | 1911 | - 1911—1911: Strikes by seamen, dock and transport workers (1911-1912)
- 1911—1911: Rutherford: theory of atomic structures
- 1911—1911: First British Official Secrets Act
- 1911—1911: British MPs receive a salary
- 1911—1911: Parliament Act in Britain reduces the power of the House of Lords
- 1911—1911: Charles Franklin Kettering invents the first automobile electrical ignition system
- 6 Jan 1911—1 Jun 1911: Census of Canada
Census of 9 Provinces and 2 Territories counts 7,206,643 individuals
- 2 Apr 1911—2 Apr 1911: Census: Population - England and Wales: 36 Million; Scotland: 4.6 Million; N Ireland: 1.25 Million
- 22 Jun 1911—22 Jun 1911: Coronation of George V
- 14 Dec 1911—14 Dec 1911: National Insurance introduced in Britain
|
| 158 | 1912 | - 1912—1912: Britain nationalises the telephone system
- 1912—1912: Discovery of the 'Piltdown Man' - hoax, exposed in 1953
- 1912—1912: Irish Home Rule crisis grows in Britain
- 1912—1912: Motorized movie cameras invented, replaced hand-cranked cameras
- 1912—1912: The first tank patented by Australian inventor De La Mole
- 1912—1912: Clarence Crane created Life Savers candy in 1912
- 18 Jan 1912—18 Jan 1912: Captain Scott's last expedition - he and his team reach the south pole on Jan
18th; all die on the way back, their bodies found in November
- 14 Apr 1912—14 Apr 1912: The 'unsinkable' Titanic sinks on maiden voyage - loss of 1,513 lives
- 13 May 1912—13 May 1912: Royal Flying Corps (later the RAF) founded in Britain
- 1 Jun 1912—6 Jan 1912: New Mexico
47th State
- 5 1912—13 May 1912: 17th Amendment passed by Congress
- 2 1912—14 Feb 1912: Arizona
48th State
- 8 1912—2 Jan 1959: Alaska Territory Organized
- 6 1912—30 Jun 1912: Saskatchewan tornado
The worst tornado in Canadian history claims 28 lives in Regina
|
| 159 | 1913 | - 1913—1913: Geiger invents his counter to measure radioactivity
- 1913—1913: Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley of Sheffield
- 1913—1913: Trade Union Act in Britain establishes the right to use Union funds for political
purposes
- 1913—1913: Suffragette demonstrations in London - Mrs Pankhurst imprisoned
- 1913—1913: Third Irish Home Rule Bill rejected by House of Lords - threat of civil war in Ireland -
formation of Ulster Volunteers to oppose Home Rule
- 1913—1913: The crossword puzzle invented by Arthur Wynne
- 1913—1913: The Merck Chemical Company patented, what is now know as, ecstasy
- 1913—1913: Mary Phelps Jacob invents the bra
- 1913—1913: Gideon Sundback invents the modern zipper
- 2 Mar 1913—3 Feb 1913: 16th Amendment ratified
- 4 Mar 1913—4 Mar 1921: Woodrow Wilson
 Woodrow Wilson U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1913—3 Mar 1921: Woodrow Wilson
- 4 Jun 1913—4 Jun 1913: Emily Davison, a suffragette, runs out in front of the king's horse, Anmer, at the
Epsom Derby and dies
- 4 Aug 1913—8 Apr 1913: 17th Amendment ratified
|
| 160 | 1914 | - 1914—1914: Chaplin and De Mille make their first films
- 1914—1914: Irish Home Rule Act provides for a separate Parliament in Ireland; the position of Ulster
to be decided after the War
- 1914—1918: World War One
Canadian forces fight in Europe during World War 1
- 1914—1914: Garrett A. Morgan invents the Morgan gas mask
- 6 Jan 1914—11 Nov 1918: World War I
Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary vs. Triple Entente: Britain, France, and Russia. The United States joined on the side of the Triple Entente in 1917.
- 28 Jun 1914—28 Jun 1914: Archduke Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo
- 4 Aug 1914—4 Aug 1914: Britain declares war on Germany, citing Belgian neutrality as reason
- 5 Aug 1914—5 Aug 1914: British cableship Telconia cut through all five of Germany's undersea telegraph
links to the outside world
- 15 Aug 1914—15 Aug 1914: Panama Canal opened, the Canal cement boat 'Ancon' making the first official
transit (plans for a grand opening were cancelled due to the start of WW1)
- Oct 1914—Oct 1914: Battle of Ypres - beginning of trench warfare on western front
- 27 Nov 1914—27 Nov 1914: First policewoman goes on duty in Britain
- 16 Dec 1914—16 Dec 1914: German battleships bombard Hartlepool and Scarborough
- 6 1914—19 Jun 1914: Alberta coal mine disaster
The worst coal mining disaster in Canadian history claims 189 lives in Hillcrest
- 5 1914—30 May 1914: Empress of Ireland sinks
1,014 lives are lost when ship sinks in Gulf of St. Lawrence
|
| 161 | 1915 | - 1915—1915: Junkers construct first fighter aeroplane
- 1915—1915: First automatic telephone exchange in Britain
- 1915—1915: A new constitution establishes a two-chamber parliament elected by universal suffrage
- 1915—1915: Eugene Sullivan and William Taylor co-invented Pyrex in New York City
- 19 Jan 1915—19 Jan 1915: First Zeppelin air raid on England, over East Anglia - four killed
- Feb 1915—Feb 1915: Submarine blockade of Britain starts
- Apr 1915—Apr 1915: Second Battle of Ypres - poison gas used for first time
- 25 Apr 1915—25 Apr 1915: Gallipoli campaign starts (declared ANZAC Day in 1916)
- 7 May 1915—7 May 1915: RMS Lusitania sunk by German submarine off coast of Ireland - 1,198 died
- 16 May 1915—16 May 1915: First meeting of a British WI (Women's Institute) took place in Llanfairpwll
(aka Llanfair PG), Anglesey
|
| 162 | 1916 | - 1916—1916: Compulsory military service introduced in Britain
- 1916—1916: Women get vote in Manitoba
Manitoba is the first province to give women the right to vote
- 1916—1916: Radios tuners invented, that received different stations
- 1916—1916: Stainless steel invented by Henry Brearly
- Feb 1916—Feb 1916: Battle of Verdun - appalling losses on both sides, stalemate continues
- 24 Apr 1916—24 Apr 1916: Easter Rising in Ireland - after the leaders are executed, public opinion backs
independence
- 21 May 1916—21 May 1916: First use of Daylight Saving Time in UK
- 31 May 1916—31 May 1916: Battle of Jutland - only major naval battle between the British and
German fleets
- 5 Jun 1916—5 Jun 1916: Sinking of HMS Hampshire and death of Kitchener
- 3 Aug 1916—3 Aug 1916: Sir Roger Casement hanged at Pentonville Prison for treason
- 15 Sep 1916—15 Sep 1916: First use of tanks in battle, but of limited effect (Battle of the Somme 1 July to 18 Nov: over 1 million casualties)
- 7 Dec 1916—7 Dec 1916: Lloyd-George becomes British Prime Minister of the coalition government
- 6 1916—29 Jun 1916: Ontario forest fire
A forest fire in northern Ontario claims 233 lives
|
| 163 | 1917 | - 1917—1917: Ministry of Labour is established in Britain
- 1917—1917: Battle of Cambrai - first use of massed tanks, but effect more psychological than actual
- 1917—1917: Income Tax introduced
- 1917—1917: Gideon Sundback patented the modern zipper (not the first zipper)
- Feb 1917—Feb 1917: February revolution in Russia; Tsar Nicholas abdicates
- 6 Apr 1917—11 Nov 1918: World War I
 World War I
- 16 Apr 1917—16 Apr 1917: Lenin returns to Russia after exile
- 17 Apr 1917—17 Apr 1917: USA declares war on Germany
- 26 May 1917—26 May 1917: George V changes surname from Saxe-Coburg-Gotha to Windsor (Royal
proclamation on 17 July)
- 12 Jun 1917—6 Dec 1917: The Halifax Explosion
Canada's worst single disaster, claims 1600 lives, injures 9000 and leaves 6000 homeless in Halifax, Nova Scotia
- Jul 1917—Jul 1917: Battle of Passchendaele - little gained by either side (Jul-Nov)
- 4 Sep 1917—12 Apr 1917: WW1 - Vimy Ridge
Canadian Corps take Vimy Ridge in France but 3,600 die and another 5,000 wounded
- 7 Nov 1917—7 Nov 1917: 'October' Revolution in Russia - Bolsheviks overthrow provisional government;
Lenin becomes Chief Commissar
- 6 Dec 1917—6 Dec 1917: Halifax (Nova Scotia) Explosion, one of the world's largest artificial non-nuclear
explosions to date: a ship loaded with wartime explosives blew up after a collision,
obliterating buildings and structures within two square kilometres of the explosion
- 9 Dec 1917—9 Dec 1917: British forces capture Jerusalem
- 12 1917—17 Dec 1917: 18th Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 164 | 1918 | - 1918—1918: War of Independence in Ireland
- 1918—1918: Vote for women over 30, men over 21 (except peers, lunatics and felons)
- 1918—1918: The superheterodyne radio circuit invented by Edwin Howard Armstrong
- 1918—1918: Charles Jung invented fortune cookies
- 18 Jan 1918—18 Jan 1918: Bentley Motors founded
- 8 Mar 1918—8 Mar 1918: Start of world-wide 'flu pandemic
- Jul 1918—Jul 1918: Second Battle of the Marne: last major German offensive in WW1 (Jul-Aug)
- 1 Oct 1918—1 Oct 1918: Arab forces under Lawrence of Arabia capture Damascus
- 11 Nov 1918—11 Nov 1918: Armistice signed
- Dec 1918—Dec 1918: First woman elected to House of Commons, Countess Markiewicz as a Sinn Fein
member refused to take her seat
|
| 165 | 1919 | - 1919—1919: Sir Ernest Rutherford publishes account of splitting the atom
- 1919—1919: Britain adopts a 48-hour working week
- 1919—1919: Soldier Settlement Act
Land grants awarded to 25,000 veteran soldiers
- 1919—1919: The pop-up toaster invented by Charles Strite
- 1919—1919: Short-wave radio invented
- 1919—1919: The flip-flop circuit invented
- 1919—1919: The arc welder invented
- 6 Apr 1919—4 Jun 1919: 19th Amendment passed by Congress
- 15 Jun 1919—15 Jun 1919: Alcock and Brown complete first nonstop flight across the Atlantic
- 28 Jun 1919—28 Jun 1919: Treaty of Versailles signed
- 1 1919—16 Jan 1919: 18th Amendment ratified
|
| 166 | 1920 | - 1920—1920: Thompson patents his machine gun (Tommy gun)
- 1920—1920: Marconi opens a radio broadcasting station in Britain
- 1920—1920: Regular cross-channel air service starts
- 1920—1920: After a referendum, northern Schleswig is returned to Denmark
- 1920—1920: The tommy gun patented by John T Thompson
- 1920—1920: The Band-Aid (pronounced 'ban-'dade) invented by Earle Dickson
- Feb 1920—Feb 1920: First roadside petrol filling station in UK - opened by the Automobile Association
at Aldermaston on the Bath Road
- 8 1920—18 Aug 1920: 19th Amendment ratified
|
| 167 | 1921 | - 1921—1921: First birth control clinic
- 1921—1921: Insulin discovery announced
- 1921—1921: Railway Act in Britain amalgamates companies - only four remained
- 1921—1921: Newfoundland census
Census taken in Newfoundland
- 1921—1921: Artificial life begins -- the first robot built
- 1921—1921: John Larson invented the lie detector
- 6 Jan 1921—1 Jun 1921: Census of Canada
counts 8,787,949 individuals
- 4 Mar 1921—2 Aug 1923: Warren G. Harding
 Warren G. Harding U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1921—2 Aug 1921: Warren Harding
Warren Harding dies of an embolism in San Francisco. He had taken ill on 31 Jul 1921
- 19 Jun 1921—19 Jun 1921: Census: Population - England and Wales: 37.9 Million; Scotland: 4.9 Million; N Ireland: 1.25 Million
- 6 Dec 1921—6 Dec 1921: Anglo-Irish Treaty signed in London, leading to the formation of the Irish Free
State and Northern Ireland
- 11 1921—21 Nov 1921: Canada's Coat of Arms proclaimed by George V
|
| 168 | 1922 | - 1922—1922: Law of Property Act - the manorial system effectively ended
- 1922—1922: Insulin invented by Sir Frederick Grant Banting
- 1922—1922: The first 3-D movie (spectacles with one red and one green lens) is released
- 1 Jun 1922—1 Jun 1922: Royal Ulster Constabulary founded
- Oct 1922—Oct 1922: BBC established as a monopoly, and begins transmissions in November (2LO in
London on 14 Nov; 5IT in Birmingham and 2ZY in Manchester on 15 Nov)
|
| 169 | 1923 | - 1923—1923: First American broadcasts heard in Britain
- 1923—1923: Hubble shows there are galaxies beyond the Milky Way
- 1923—1923: Roads in Great Britain classified with A and B numbers
- 1923—1923: Garrett A. Morgan invents a traffic signal
- 1923—1923: The television or iconoscope (cathode-ray tube) invented by Vladimir Kosma Zworykin
- 1923—1923: John Harwood invented the self-winding watch
- 1923—1923: Clarence Birdseye invents frozen food
- 1 Jan 1923—1 Jan 1923: The majority of the railway companies in Great Britain grouped into four main
companies, the Big Four: LNER, GWR, SR, LMSR - lasted until nationalisation in 1948
- 16 Feb 1923—16 Feb 1923: Howard Carter unsealed the burial chamber of Tutankhamun
- 8 Mar 1923—4 Mar 1929: Calvin Coolidge
Calvin Coolidge, vice president under Warren Harding, sworn in as president the day after Harding dies
- 28 Apr 1923—28 Apr 1923: First Wembley cup final (West Ham 0, Bolton 2) - 'I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles ' popular song of the time became the West Ham anthem
- 2 Aug 1923—4 Mar 1929: Calvin Coolidge
 Calvin Coolidge U.S. Presidency
- 28 Sep 1923—28 Sep 1923: First publication of Radio Times
|
| 170 | 1924 | - 1924—1924: The dynamic loudspeaker invented by Rice and Kellogg
- 1924—1924: Notebooks with spiral bindings invented
- 4 Jan 1924—4 Jan 1924: First Labour government in Britain, headed by Ramsay MacDonald
- 5 Feb 1924—5 Feb 1924: Hourly Greenwich Time Signals from the Royal Greenwich Observatory were
first broadcast by the BBC
- 31 Mar 1924—31 Mar 1924: British Imperial Airways begins operations (formed by merger of four British
airline companies - became BOAC in 1940)
|
| 171 | 1925 | - 1925—1925: Britain returns to gold standard
- 1925—1925: The mechanical television a precursor to the modern television, invented by John Logie Baird
- 18 Jul 1925—18 Jul 1925: Adolf Hitler publishes Mein Kampf
|
| 172 | 1926 | - 1926—1926: Walt Disney arrives in Hollywood
- 1926—1926: Kodak produces 16mm movie film
- 1926—1926: Adoption of children is legalised in Britain
- 1926—1926: First public demonstration of television (TV) by John Logie Baird
- 1926—1926: Robert H. Goddard invents liquid-fueled rockets
- 21 Apr 1926—21 Apr 1926: Princess Elizabeth born
- 3 May 1926—3 May 1926: General Strike begins. Lasts until May 12 (mine workers for 6 months more)
- 31 Oct 1926—31 Oct 1926: Death of Harry Houdini
|
| 173 | 1927 | - 1927—1927: Release of the first 'talkie' film (The Jazz Singer)
- 1927—1927: Eduard Haas III invents PEZ candy
- 1927—1927: JWA Morrison invents the first quartz crystal watch
- 1927—1927: Philo Taylor Farnsworth invents a complete electronic TV system
- 1927—1927: Technicolor invented
- 1927—1927: Erik Rotheim patents an aerosol can
- 1927—1927: Warren Marrison developed the first quartz clock
- 1927—1927: Philip Drinker invents the iron lung
- 7 Jan 1927—7 Jan 1927: First transatlantic telephone call - New York City to London
- 22 Jan 1927—22 Jan 1927: First football broadcast by BBC (Arsenal v Sheffield United at Highbury)
- 1 May 1927—1 May 1927: First cooked meals on a scheduled flight introduced by Imperial Airways from
London to Paris
- 20 May 1927—20 May 1927: Lindbergh makes solo flight across the Atlantic, in 33? hours
- 31 May 1927—31 May 1927: Last Ford Model T rolls off assembly line
- 24 Jul 1927—24 Jul 1927: The Menin Gate war memorial unveiled at Ypres
|
| 174 | 1928 | - 1928—1928: Women over 21 get vote in Britain - same qualification for both sexes
- 1928—1928: Scottish biologist Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin
- 1928—1928: Bubble gum invented by Walter E. Diemer
- 1928—1928: Jacob Schick patented the electric shaver
- 26 Apr 1928—26 Apr 1928: Madame Tussauds opens in London
- 15 Sep 1928—15 Sep 1928: Sir Alexander Fleming accidentally discovers penicillin (results published 1929)
|
| 175 | 1929 | - 1929—1929: BBC begins experimental TV transmissions
- 1929—1929: Minimum age for a marriage in Britain (which had been 14 for a boy and 12 for a girl)
now 16 for both sexes, with parental consent (or a licence) needed for anyone under 21
- 1929—1929: Abolition of Poor Law system in Britain
- 1929—1939: The Great Depression
Canada hit hardest by the depression
- 1929—1929: American, Paul Galvin invents the car radio
- 1929—1929: Yo-Yo re-invented as an American fad
- 4 Mar 1929—4 Mar 1933: Herbert Hoover
 Herbert Hoover U.S. Presidency
- 3 Apr 1929—4 Mar 1933: Herbert Hoover
- 10 1929—18 Oct 1929: The 'Persons' Case Decision
Women are declared 'persons' by the British Privy Council
|
| 176 | 1930 | - 1930—1930: Youth Hostel Association (YHA) founded in Britain
- 1930—1930: First Nazis elected to the German Reichstag
- 1930—1930: Scotch tape patented by 3M engineer, Richard G. Drew
- 1930—1930: The frozen food process patented by Clarence Birdseye
- 1930—1930: Wallace Carothers and DuPont Labs invents neoprene
- 1930—1930: The "differential analyzer", or analog computer invented by Vannevar Bush at MIT in Boston
- 1930—1930: Frank Whittle and Dr Hans von Ohain both invent a jet engine
- 30 Jan 1930—30 Jan 1930: Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany
- 31 Jan 1930—31 Jan 1930: 3M begins marketing Scotch Tape
- 6 Mar 1930—6 Mar 1930: Clarence Birdseye first marketed frozen peas
- 5 Oct 1930—5 Oct 1930: R101 airship disaster - British abandons airship construction
|
| 177 | 1931 | - 1931—1931: Collapse of the German banking system; 3,000 banks there close
- 1931—1931: Statute of Westminster: British Dominions become independent sovereign states
- 1931—1931: Statute of Westminster
The British Dominions are formally recognized by British Parliament
- 1931—1931: Harold Edgerton invented stop-action photography
- 1931—1931: Germans Max Knott and Ernst Ruska co-invent the electron microscope
- 14 Apr 1931—14 Apr 1931: Highway Code first issued
- 26 Apr 1931—26 Apr 1931: Census: Population - England and Wales; 40 Million; Scotland: 4.8 Million; N Ireland: 1.24 Million (Unfortunately, the census was destroyed by fire in WW2)
- 21 Oct 1931—21 Oct 1931: National Government formed to deal with economic crisis - Britain comes off
gold standard
|
| 178 | 1932 | - 1932—1932: Sir Thomas Beecham established the London Philharmonic Orchestra
- 1932—1932: Cockroft and Walton accelerate particles to disintegrate an atomic nucleus
- 1932—1932: Moseley founds British Union of Fascists
- 1932—1932: Great Hunger March of unemployed to London
- 1932—1932: Polaroid photography invented by Edwin Herbert Land
- 1932—1932: The zoom lens and the light meter invented
- 1932—1932: Carl C. Magee invents the first parking meter
- 1932—1932: Karl Jansky invents the radio telescope
- 3 Feb 1932—2 Mar 1932: 20th Amendment passed by Congress
- 21 May 1932—21 May 1932: Amelia Earhart first solo nonstop flight across Atlantic by a female pilot
- 3 Oct 1932—3 Oct 1932: Iraq gains independence from Britain
- 3 Oct 1932—3 Oct 1932: 'The Times' introduces 'Times New Roman' typeface
|
| 179 | 1933 | - 1933—1933: ICI scientists discover polythene
- 1933—1933: Only 6 pennies minted in Britain this year
- 1933—1933: Frequency modulation (FM radio) invented by Edwin Howard Armstrong
- 1933—1933: Stereo records invented
- 1933—1933: Richard M. Hollingshead builds a prototype drive-in movie theater in his driveway
- 4 Mar 1933—12 Apr 1945: Franklin D. Roosevelt
 Franklin D. Roosevelt U.
- 3 Apr 1933—12 Apr 1945: Franklin Roosevelt
- 12 May 1933—5 Dec 1933: 21st Amendment ratified
- 12 Nov 1933—12 Nov 1933: First known photos of the 'Loch Ness Monster' taken
- 2 1933—20 Feb 1933: 21st Amendment passed by Congress
- 1 1933—23 Jan 1933: 20th Amendment ratified
|
| 180 | 1934 | - 1934—1934: Hitler becomes Fuehrer of Germany
- 1934—1934: Englishmen, Percy Shaw invents cat eyes or roads reflectors
- 1934—1934: Charles Darrow claims he invented the game Monopoly
- 1934—1934: Joseph Begun invents the first tape recorder for broadcasting - first magnetic recording
- 18 Jul 1934—18 Jul 1934: King George V opens Mersey Tunnel
- 26 Sep 1934—26 Sep 1934: RMS Queen Mary launched
- 30 Nov 1934—30 Nov 1934: First time a steam locomotive travels at 100 mph ('Flying Scotsman')
|
| 181 | 1935 | - 1935—1935: Land speed record of 301.13 mph by Malcolm Campbell
- 1935—1935: London adopts a 'Green Belt' scheme
- 1935—1935: Newfoundland census
Census taken in Newfoundland
- 1935—1935: Wallace Carothers and DuPont Labs invents nylon ( polymer 6.6.)
- 1935—1935: The first canned beer made
- 1935—1935: Robert Watson-Watt patented radar
- 28 Feb 1935—28 Feb 1935: Nylon first produced by Gerard J. Berchet of Wallace Carothers' research group
at DuPont (there is no evidence to the widely-supposed story that the name derives from
New York-London)
- 12 Mar 1935—12 Mar 1935: Hore-Belisha introduces pedestrian crossings and speed limits for built-up areas
in Britain
- 1 Jun 1935—1 Jun 1935: Voluntary driving tests introduced in UK
- 30 Jul 1935—30 Jul 1935: Penguin paperbacks launched
|
| 182 | 1936 | - 1936—1936: Jet engine first tested
- 1936—1936: Bell Labs invents the voice recognition machine
- 1936—1936: Samuel Colt patents the Colt revolver
- 20 Jan 1936—20 Jan 1936: George V dies
- 5 May 1936—5 May 1936: First flight of a Spitfire
- 24 Jul 1936—24 Jul 1936: 'Speaking clock' service starts in UK
- 2 Nov 1936—2 Nov 1936: British Broadcasting Corporation initiates the BBC Television Service, world's
first public TV transmission
- 12 Nov 1936—6 Feb 1952: George VI
House of Windsor (name adopted Jul 17, 1917): 2nd son of George V, Duke of York; married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
- 30 Nov 1936—30 Nov 1936: Crystal Palace destroyed by fire
- 5 Dec 1936—5 Dec 1936: Edward VIII abdicates (announced Dec 10) - popular carol that Christmas:
'Hark the Herald Angels sing Mrs Simpson's got our King'
- 1 1936—11 Dec 1936: Edward VIII
House of Windsor (name adopted Jul 17, 1917): Eldest son of George V
|
| 183 | 1937 | - 1937—1937: Billy Butlin opens his first holiday camp
- 1937—1937: '999' emergency telephone call facility starts in London
- 1937—1937: Chester F. Carlson invents the photocopier
- 1937—1937: The first jet engine is built
- 12 Apr 1937—12 Apr 1937: Frank Whittle ground-tests the first jet engine designed to power an aircraft
- 12 May 1937—12 May 1937: Coronation of King George VI
- 28 May 1937—28 May 1937: Neville Chamberlain becomes Prime Minister - policy of appeasement towards
Hitler
- 3 Jun 1937—3 Jun 1937: Duke of Windsor marries Wallis Simpson
- 4 Dec 1937—4 Dec 1937: 'The Dandy' first published
|
| 184 | 1938 | - 1938—1938: First practical ball-point pen produced by Hungarian journalist, Lajos Biro
- 1938—1938: HMS Rodney first ship to be equipped with radar
- 1938—1938: Principle of paid holidays established in Britain
- 1938—1938: The ballpoint pen invented by Ladislo Biro
- 1938—1938: Strobe lighting invented
- 1938—1938: Roy J. Plunkett invented tetrafluoroethylene polymers or Teflon
- 1938—1938: Nescafe or freeze-dried coffee invented
- 1938—1938: The first working turboprop engine
- 12 Mar 1938—12 Mar 1938: Germany invades and annexes Austria
- 3 Jul 1938—3 Jul 1938: 'Mallard' reaches 126 mph (203 km/h); still world record for a steam locomotive
- 27 Sep 1938—27 Sep 1938: Largest ocean liner ever built, Queen Elizabeth launched on Clydebank
- 29 Sep 1938—29 Sep 1938: Chamberlain visits Hitler in Munich - promises 'peace in our time'
- 30 Oct 1938—30 Oct 1938: Orson Welles broadcasts his radio play of HG Wells 'The War of the Worlds', causing panic in the USA
|
| 185 | 1939 | - 1939—1939: Coldest winter in Britain since 1894, though this could not be publicised at the time
- 1939—1939: Start of evacuation of women and children from London
- 1939—1939: Germany annexes Czechoslovakia
- 1939—1945: World War II
huge involvement of Canadian supplies and troops
- 1939—1939: Igor Sikorsky invents the first successful helicopter
- 1939—1939: The electron microscope invented
- 9 Jan 1939—2 Sep 1945: World War II
Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan vs. Major Allied Powers: United States, Great Britain, France, and Russia
- 12 Jul 1939—7 Dec 1939: Troops leave Canada
First group of Canadian troops sail to Britain -- 7,400 on 5 ships
- 1 Sep 1939—1 Sep 1939: Germany invades Poland
- 3 Sep 1939—3 Sep 1939: Britain and France declare war on Germany
- 6 Sep 1939—6 Sep 1939: First air-raid on Britain
- 11 Sep 1939—11 Sep 1939: British Expeditionary Force (BEF) sent to France
- 9 Oct 1939—10 Sep 1939: Canada declares war on Germany
- 14 Oct 1939—14 Oct 1939: HMS Royal Oak sunk in Scapa Flow with loss of 810 lives
- 7 Dec 1939—7 Dec 1939: 'First flight' of Canadian troops sail for Britain - 7,400 men on 5 ships
- 17 Dec 1939—17 Dec 1939: 'Admiral Graf Spee' scuttled outside Montevideo
|
| 186 | 1940 | - 1940—1940: Québec permits women to vote
The last province to give women the right to vote
- 1940—1946: National Registration
Compulsory registration of all persons 16 years of age or older
- 1940—1945: German occupation of Denmark
- 1940—1940: Dr William Reich invents the orgone accumulator
- 1940—1940: Peter Goldmark invents modern color television system
- 1940—1940: Karl Pabst invents the jeep
- 1 Apr 1940—1 Apr 1940: BOAC starts operations, replacing Imperial and British Airways Ltd
- 11 May 1940—11 May 1940: National Government formed under Churchill
- 13 May 1940—13 May 1940: Germany invades France
- 27 May 1940—27 May 1940: Start of the evacuation of the British Army at Dunkirk (27 May - 4 Jun)
- 25 Jun 1940—25 Jun 1940: Fall of France to Germany
- 7 Sep 1940—7 Sep 1940: Germany launches bombing blitz on Britain, the first of 57 consecutive nights of
bombing
- 15 Sep 1940—15 Sep 1940: Battle of Britain: massive waves of German air attacks decisively repulsed by the
RAF - Hitler postpones invasion of Britain
- 14 Nov 1940—14 Nov 1940: Coventry heavily bombed and the Cathedral almost completely destroyed
|
| 187 | 1941 | - 1941—1941: First use of antibiotics
- 1941—1941: Bailey invents his portable military bridge
- 1941—1941: First British jet aircraft flies, based on work of Whittle
- 1941—1941: Britain introduces severe rationing
- 1941—1941: Konrad Zuse's Z3, the first computer controlled by software
- 1941—1941: Aerosol spray cans invented by American inventors, Lyle David Goodloe and W.N. Sullivan
- 1941—1941: Enrico Fermi invents the neutronic reactor
- 12 1941—Dec 1941: Canadian forces defend south coast of England
- 10 May 1941—10 May 1941: Rudolf Hess flies to Scotland
- 27 May 1941—27 May 1941: 'Bismark' sunk
- 22 Jun 1941—22 Jun 1941: Germany invades Russia (Operation Barbarossa)
- 1 Jul 1941—1 Jul 1941: First Canadian armoured regiments arrive in Britain
- 12 Jul 1941—7 Dec 1941: Canada declares war on Japan
Attack on Pearl Harbour causes Canada to declare war on Japan
- Dec 1941—Dec 1941: 'Manhattan Project' of nuclear research begins in America
- Dec 1941—Dec 1941: Canadian forces given operation role in defending south coast of England
- 7 Dec 1941—7 Dec 1941: Japan attackes US fleet at Pearl Harbour
- 7 Dec 1941—2 Sep 1945: World War II
 World War II
- 8 Dec 1941—8 Dec 1941: USA enters WWII
- 24 Dec 1941—24 Dec 1941: Hong Kong falls to the Japanese
- 6 1941—14 Jun 1941: Census of Canada
Census date changed to prevent clash with Victory Bond campaign. Sampling is initiated
|
| 188 | 1942 | - 1942—1942: Gilbert Murray founds Oxfam
- 1942—1942: Invention of world's first programmable computer by Alan Turing in co-operation with
Max Neumann - used to crack German codes
- 1942—1942: John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry built the first electronic digital computer
- 1942—1942: Max Mueller designs a turboprop engine
- 30 May 1942—30 May 1942: Over 1,000 allied bombers raid Cologne
- 4 Jun 1942—4 Jun 1942: Battle of Midway
- 19 Aug 1942—19 Aug 1942: Abortive raid on Dieppe, largely by Canadian troops
- 6 Sep 1942—6 Sep 1942: Germans defeated at Stalingrad
- 3 Oct 1942—3 Oct 1942: First successful launch of V2 rocket in Germany - first man-made object to reach
space
- 23 Oct 1942—23 Oct 1942: Battle of El Alamein - Montgomery defeats Rommel
- 2 Dec 1942—2 Dec 1942: 'Manhattan Project' - a team led by Enrico Fermi initiates the first self-sustaining
nuclear chain reaction
|
| 189 | 1943 | - 1943—1943: Round-the-clock bombing of Germany begins
- 1943—1943: Synthetic rubber invented
- 1943—1943: Richard James invents the slinky
- 1943—1943: James Wright invent silly putty
- 1943—1943: Swiss chemist, Albert Hofmann discovered the hallucinogenic properties of LSD
- 1943—1943: Emile Gagnan and Jacques Cousteau invent the aqualung
- 16 May 1943—16 May 1943: 'Dam Buster' raids on Ruhr dams by RAF
- 24 Jul 1943—24 Jul 1943: Allies invade Italy - Benito Mussolini resigns as Italian Dictator, 24 July
|
| 190 | 1944 | - 1944—1944: The kidney dialysis machine invented by Willem Kolff
- 1944—1944: Synthetic cortisone invented by Percy Lavon Julian
- 6 Apr 1944—6 Apr 1944: PAYE income tax begins
- 4 Jun 1944—4 Jun 1944: Allies enter Rome
- 6 Jun 1944—6 Jun 1944: D-Day invasion of Normandy
- 12 Jun 1944—12 Jun 1944: First V1 flying bombs hit London
- 8 Sep 1944—8 Sep 1944: First V2 rocket bombs hit London
- 11 Sep 1944—11 Sep 1944: Allies enter Germany
- 16 Dec 1944—16 Dec 1944: Battle of the Bulge: German counter-offensive
|
| 191 | 1945 | - 1945—1945: Newfoundland census
Census taken in Newfoundland
- 1945—1945: Vannevar Bush proposes hypertext
- 1945—1945: The atomic bomb invented
- 4 Feb 1945—4 Feb 1945: Yalta Conference between Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin
- 29 Mar 1945—29 Mar 1945: Last V1 flying bomb attack
- 12 Apr 1945—20 Jan 1953: Harry S. Truman
 Harry S. Truman U.S. Presidency
- 25 Apr 1945—25 Apr 1945: Berlin surrounded by Russian troops
- 30 Apr 1945—30 Apr 1945: Hitler commits suicide
- 8 May 1945—8 May 1945: VE Day (Victory in Europe)
- 9 May 1945—9 May 1945: Channel Islands liberated
- 26 Jun 1945—26 Jun 1945: UN Charter signed in San Francisco
- 16 Jul 1945—16 Jul 1945: First ever atomic bomb exploded in a test in New Mexico (although there were
other forms of atomic device before that, such as the Pile at Stagg Field, first critical on
2nd Dec 1942)
- 26 Jul 1945—26 Jul 1945: Labour win UK General Election - Churchill out of office
- 29 Jul 1945—29 Jul 1945: BBC Light Programme starts
- 6 Aug 1945—6 Aug 1945: Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima
- 9 Aug 1945—9 Aug 1945: Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki
- 15 Aug 1945—15 Aug 1945: VJ Day (Victory in Japan)
- 2 Sep 1945—2 Sep 1945: Japanese surrender signed aboard USS Missouri
- 24 Oct 1945—24 Oct 1945: United Nations Organisation comes into existence
- 4 Nov 1945—4 Nov 1945: UNESCO founded
- 4 Dec 1945—20 Jan 1953: Harry Truman
- 6 1945—26 Jun 1945: Canada joins the United Nations
|
| 192 | 1946 | - 1946—1946: Alistair Cooke starts his regular 'Letter from America' on BBC radio - until 2004
- 1946—1946: Transition to National Health Service starts in Britain (came into being 5th July 1948)
- 1946—1946: The microwave oven invented by Percy Spencer
- 1 Jan 1946—1 Jan 1946: First civillian flight from Heathrow Airport
- 7 Jan 1946—1 Jul 1946: Canadian Citizenship Act
Parliament proclaims an act providing for the creation of Canadian citizens to take effect 1 January 1947
- 1 Mar 1946—1 Mar 1946: Bank of England nationalised
|
| 193 | 1947 | - 1947—1947: First British nuclear reactor developed
- 1947—1947: Most severe winter in Britain for 53 years at start of the year - heavy snow and much
flooding later
- 1947—1947: British/Hungarian scientist, Dennis Gabor, developed the theory of holography
- 1947—1947: Mobile phones first invented
- 1947—1947: Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley invent the transistor
- 1947—1947: Earl Silas Tupper patented the Tupperware seal
- 1 Jan 1947—1 Jan 1947: Coal Mines nationalised
- 23 Feb 1947—23 Feb 1947: International Organization for Standardization (ISO) founded
- 1 Mar 1947—1 Mar 1947: International Monetary Fund begins financial operations
- 1 Apr 1947—1 Apr 1947: School leaving age raised to 15 in Britain
- 26 Oct 1947—26 Oct 1947: British military occupation ends in Iraq
- 20 Nov 1947—20 Nov 1947: Marriage of Princess Elizabeth (later Elizabeth II) and Philip Mountbatten in
Westminster Abbey
- 3 1947—21 Mar 1947: 22nd Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 194 | 1948 | - 1948—1948: Transistor radio invented
- 1948—1948: Long-playing record (LP) invented by Goldmark
- 1948—1948: British Citizenship Act : all Commonwealth citizens qualify for British passports
- 1948—1948: The Frisbee® invented by Walter Frederick Morrison and Warren Franscioni
- 1948—1948: Velcro ® invented by George de Mestral
- 1948—1948: Robert Hope-Jones invented the Wurlitzer jukebox
- 1 Jan 1948—1 Jan 1948: British Railways nationalised
- 5 Jul 1948—5 Jul 1948: National Health Service (NHS) begins in Britain
- 29 Jul 1948—29 Jul 1948: London Olympics begin
|
| 195 | 1949 | - 1949—1949: De Haviland produces the Comet - first jet airliner
- 1949—1949: Maiden flight of the Bristol Brabazon (broken up in 1953 for scrap)
- 1949—1949: Cake mix invented
- 15 Mar 1949—15 Mar 1949: Clothes rationing ends in Britain
- 4 Apr 1949—4 Apr 1949: Twelve nations sign The North Atlantic Treaty creating NATO
- 4 Apr 1949—4 Apr 1949: Canada joins NATO
- 3 1949—31 Mar 1949: Newfoundland joins Canada
Newfoundland becomes Canada's tenth province
|
| 196 | 1950 | - 1950—1950: The first credit card (Diners) invented by Ralph Schneider
- 4 1950—30 Jun 1950: Winnipeg flood
More than 100,000 people forced from their homes in Winnipeg, Manitoba, by the Red River flooding
- 19 May 1950—19 May 1950: Points rationing ends in Britain
- 26 May 1950—26 May 1950: Petrol rationing ends in Britain
- 25 Jun 1950—27 Jul 1953: Korean War
 Korean War
- 11 Jul 1950—11 Jul 1950: 'Andy Pandy' first seen on BBC TV
- 9 Sep 1950—9 Sep 1950: Soap rationing ends in Britain
- 28 Dec 1950—28 Dec 1950: The Peak District becomes the Britain's first National Park
- 6 1950—27 Jul 1953: Korean War
As part of the United Nations, Canadian troops participate in the Korean War
- 6 1950—27 Jul 1953: Korean War
United States (as part of the United Nations) and South Korea vs. North Korea and Communist China
|
| 197 | 1951 | - 1951—1951: Super glue invented
- 1951—1951: Power steering invented by Francis W. Davis
- 1951—1951: Charles Ginsburg invented the first videotape recorder (VTR)
- 3 May 1951—3 May 1951: Festival of Britain and Royal Festival Hall open on South Bank, London
- 28 May 1951—28 May 1951: First Goon Show broadcast
- 20 Dec 1951—20 Dec 1951: Electricity first produced by nuclear power, from Experimental Breeder Reactor
- 2 1951—27 Feb 1951: 22nd Amendment ratified
|
| 198 | 1952 | - 1952—1952: Bonn Convention: Britain, France and USA end their occupation of West Germany
- 1952—1952: Radioactive carbon used for dating prehistoric objects
- 1952—1952: Contraceptive pill invented
- 1952—1952: Britain explodes her first atomic bomb, in Australia
- 1952—1952: Mr. Potato Head patented
- 1952—1952: The first patent for bar code (US Patent #2,612,994) issued to inventors Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver
- 1952—1952: The first diet soft drink sold
- 1952—1952: Edward Teller and team build the hydrogen bomb
- 6 Feb 1952—6 Feb 1952: King George VI dies
- 21 Feb 1952—21 Feb 1952: Identity Cards abolished in Britain
- 2 May 1952—2 May 1952: First commercial jet airliner service launched, by BOACComet between London
and Johannesburg
- 2 Jun 1952—2004: Elizabeth II
House of Windsor (name adopted Jul 17, 1917):Elder daughter of George VI, acceded Feb 6, 1952
- 5 Jul 1952—5 Jul 1952: Last tram runs in London (Woolwich to New Cross)
- 16 Aug 1952—16 Aug 1952: Lynmouth (North Devon) flood disaster
- 6 Sep 1952—6 Sep 1952: DH110 crashes at Farnborough Air Show, 26 killed
- 3 Oct 1952—3 Oct 1952: End of tea rationing in Britain
- 1 Nov 1952—1 Nov 1952: The first H-bomb ever ('Mike') was exploded by the USA - the mushroom cloud
was 8 miles across and 27 miles high. The canopy was 100 miles wide. Radioactive mud fell
out of the sky followed by heavy rain. 80 million tons of earth was vaporised.
- 25 Nov 1952—25 Nov 1952: Agatha Christie's 'The Mousetrap' opens in London
- 4 Dec 1952—4 Dec 1952: Great smog hits London
|
| 199 | 1953 | - 1953—1953: Radial tires invented
- 1953—1953: The first musical synthesizer invented by RCA
- 1953—1953: David Warren invented the black box - flight recorder
- 1953—1953: Transistor radio invented by Texas Instruments
- 20 Jan 1953—20 Jan 1961: Dwight D. Eisenhower
 Dwight D. Eisenhower U.S.
- 31 Jan 1953—31 Jan 1953: Said to be the biggest civil catastrophe in Britain in the 20th century -
severe storm and high tides caused the loss of hundreds of lives - - effects travelled from the
west coast of Scotland round to the south-east coast of England [The Netherlands wer
- 5 Feb 1953—5 Feb 1953: Sweet rationing ends in Britain
- 5 Mar 1953—5 Mar 1953: Death of Stalin
- 26 Mar 1953—26 Mar 1953: Jonas Salk announces his polio vaccine
- 24 Apr 1953—24 Apr 1953: Winston Churchill knighted
- 25 Apr 1953—25 Apr 1953: Francis Crick and James D Watson publish the double helix structure of DNA
- 2 Jun 1953—2 Jun 1953: Coronation of Elizabeth II
- 26 Sep 1953—26 Sep 1953: Sugar rationing ends in Britain (after nearly 14 years)
- 1 1953—20 Jan 1961: Dwight Eisenhower
|
| 200 | 1954 | - 1954—1954: First transistor radios sold
- 1954—1954: Routemaster bus starts operating in London
- 1954—1954: First comprehensive school opens in London
- 1954—1954: Oral contraceptives invented
- 1954—1954: The first nonstick pan produced
- 1954—1954: The solar cell invented by Chaplin, Fuller and Pearson
- 1954—1954: Ray Kroc started McDonalds
- 6 May 1954—6 May 1954: First sub 4 minute mile (Roger Bannister, 3 mins 59.4 secs)
- 3 Jul 1954—3 Jul 1954: Food rationing officially ends in Britain
- 5 Jul 1954—5 Jul 1954: BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin
- 30 Sep 1954—30 Sep 1954: First atomic powered sumbmarine USS Nautilus commissioned
- 10 1954—15 Oct 1954: Hurricane Hazel
Southwestern Ontario, Toronto and area, hit by Hurricane Hazel -- 81 died, 4,000 homeless
|
| 201 | 1955 | - 1955—1955: 'Mole' self-grip wrench patented by Thomas Coughtrie of Mole & Sons
- 1955—1955: Tetracycline invented
- 1955—1955: Optic fiber invented
- 27 Jul 1955—27 Jul 1955: Jul 27: Allied occupation of Austria (after WW2) ends
- 22 Sep 1955—22 Sep 1955: Commercial TV starts in Britain
|
| 202 | 1956 | - 1956—1956: Britain constructs world's first large-scale nuclear power station in Cumberland
- 1956—1956: The first computer hard disk used
- 1956—1956: The hovercraft invented by Christopher Cockerell
- 1956—1956: Bette Nesmith Graham invented "Mistake Out," later renamed Liquid Paper, to paint over mistakes made with a typewriter
- 6 Jan 1956—1 Jun 1956: First nation-wide 5-year census
Population-count censuses initiated
- 11 Jan 1956—1 Nov 1956: Springhill Mine explosion
39 miners killed from explosion in mine at Springhill, Nova Scotia
- 1 Mar 1956—1 Mar 1956: Radiotelephony spelling alphabet introduced (Alpha, Bravo, etc)
- 17 Apr 1956—17 Apr 1956: Premium Bonds first launched - first prizes drawn on 1 Jun 1957
- 3 Jun 1956—3 Jun 1956: 3rd class travel abolished on British Railways (renamed 'Third Class' as 'Second
Class', which had been abolished in 1875 leaving just First and Third Class)
- 31 Oct 1956—31 Oct 1956: Britain and France invade Suez
|
| 203 | 1957 | - 1957—1957: Helvetica typeface developed (in Switzerland)
- 1957—1957: Britain introduces parking meters
- 1957—1957: Fortran (computer language) invented
- 11 Jan 1957—11 Jan 1957: Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister
- 14 May 1957—14 May 1957: Post-Suez petrol rationing ends
- 15 May 1957—15 May 1957: Britain explodes her first hydrogen bomb, at Christmas Island
- 25 May 1957—25 May 1957: Treaty of Rome to create European Economic Community (EEC) of six
countries: France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Holland and Luxembourg - became
operational Jan 1958
- 4 Dec 1957—4 Dec 1957: Lewisham rail disaster - 90 killed as two trains collide in thick fog and a viaduct
collapses on top of them
- 25 Dec 1957—25 Dec 1957: Queen's first Christmas TV broadcast
|
| 204 | 1958 | - 1958—1958: USA begins to produce Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs)
- 1958—1958: Computers begin to be used in research, industry and commerce
- 1958—1958: Easter: First anti-nuclear protest march to Aldermaston (emergence of CND)
- 1958—1958: The modem invented
- 1958—1958: Gordon Gould invents the laser
- 1958—1958: The Hula Hoop invented by Richard Knerr and Arthur "Spud" Melin
- 1958—1958: The integrated circuit invented by Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce
- 13 May 1958—13 May 1958: Velcro trade mark registered
- 26 Jul 1958—26 Jul 1958: Prince Charles' Investiture as 'Prince of Wales'
- 5 Dec 1958—5 Dec 1958: Preston by-pass opens - UK's first stretch of motorway
- 5 Dec 1958—5 Dec 1958: Inauguration of Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) in Britain (completed in 1979)
- 10 1958—23 Oct 1958: Springhill Mine disaster
74 miners killed from third major explosion in mine at Springhill, Nova Scotia
|
| 205 | 1959 | - 1959—1959: The internal pacemaker invented by Wilson Greatbatch
- 1959—1959: Barbie Doll invented
- 1959—1959: Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce both invent the microchip
- 3 Feb 1959—3 Feb 1959: 'The Day The Music Died' - plane crash kills Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and
The Big Bopper
- 17 Feb 1959—17 Feb 1959: Vanguard 2 satellite launched - first to measure cloud-cover distribution
- 1 Mar 1959—3 Jan 1959: Alaska
49th State
- 24 May 1959—24 May 1959: Empire Day becomes Commonwealth Day
- Aug 1959—Aug 1959: BMC Mini car launched
- 26 Sep 1959—30 Apr 1975: Vietnam War
 Vietnam War
- 3 Oct 1959—3 Oct 1959: Postcodes introduced in Britain
- 1 Nov 1959—1 Nov 1959: First section of M1 motorway opened
- 8 1959—21 Aug 1959: Hawaii
50th State
- 6 1959—26 Jun 1959: St. Lawrence seaway opens
Ocean vessels can now sail as far inland as Lakes Michigan and Superior
|
| 206 | 1960 | - 1960—1975: Vietnam War
United States and South Vietnam vs North Vietnam
- 1960—1960: Canada's Bill of Rights
Bans discrimination by federal agencies on grounds of race, national origin, colour, religion or sex -- permits Indians to vote
- 1960—1960: The halogen lamp invented
- 17 Mar 1960—17 Mar 1960: New ?1 notes issued by Bank of England
- 18 Mar 1960—18 Mar 1960: Last steam locomotive of British Railways named
- 21 Jul 1960—21 Jul 1960: Francis Chichester arrives in New York aboard Gypsy Moth II (took 40 days),
winning the first single-handed transatlantic yacht race which he co-founded
- 12 Aug 1960—12 Aug 1960: Echo I, the first (passive) communications satellite, launched
- 12 Sep 1960—12 Sep 1960: MoT tests on motor vehicles introduced
- 1 Oct 1960—1 Oct 1960: HMS 'Dreadnought' nuclear submarine launched
- 2 Nov 1960—2 Nov 1960: Penguin Books found not guilty of obscenity in the 'Lady Chatterley's Lover' case
- 6 1960—16 Jun 1960: 23rd Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 207 | 1961 | - 1961—1961: Valium invented
- 1961—1961: The nondairy creamer invented
- 1 Jan 1961—1 Jan 1961: Farthing ceases to be legal tender in UK
- 20 Jan 1961—20 Nov 1963: John F. Kennedy
 John F. Kennedy U.S. Presidency
- 13 Mar 1961—13 Mar 1961: Black & White ?5 notes cease to be legal tender
- 14 Mar 1961—14 Mar 1961: New English Bible (New Testament) published
- 1 May 1961—1 May 1961: Betting shops legal in Britain
- 4 1961—19 Apr 1961: Bay of Pigs Invasion
United States vs Cuba
- 1 1961—22 Nov 1963: John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas, Texas
- 3 1961—29 Mar 1961: 23rd Amendment ratified
|
| 208 | 1962 | - 1962—1962: Britain and France agree to construct 'Concorde'
- 1962—1962: Thalidomide withdrawn after it causes deformities in babies
- 1962—1962: Britain passes Commonwealth Immigrants Act to control immigration
- 1962—1962: The audio cassette invented
- 1962—1962: The fiber-tip pen invented by Yukio Horie
- 1962—1962: Spacewar, the first computer video game invented
- 1962—1962: Dow Corp invents silicone breast implants
- 7 Jan 1962—1 Jul 1962: Medicare introduced in Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan sets medicare prototype for all provinces
- 9 Mar 1962—3 Sep 1962: Trans-Canada Highway officially opens
- 25 May 1962—25 May 1962: Consecration of new Coventry Cathedral (old destroyed in WW2 blitz)
- 15 Jun 1962—15 Jun 1962: First nuclear generated electricity to supplied National Grid (from Berkeley Glos)
- Jul 1962—Jul 1962: First passenger-carrying hovercraft enters service, along the North Wales Coast from Moreton to Rhyl
- 10 Jul 1962—10 Jul 1962: First TV transmission between US and Europe (Telstar) - first live broadcast on 23 Jul
- 24 Oct 1962—24 Oct 1962: Cuba missile crisis - brink of nuclear war
- 8 1962—27 Aug 1962: 24th Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 209 | 1963 | - 1963—1963: France vetoes Britain's entry into EEC
- 1963—1963: The first videodisc invented
- Jan 1963—Jan 1963: Cold weather forces cancellation of most football matches (only 4 English First Division matches in the month) - the first 'pools panel' created
- 27 Mar 1963—27 Mar 1963: Beeching Report on British Railways (the 'Beeching Axe')
- 1 Aug 1963—1 Aug 1963: Minimum prison age raised to 17
- 8 Aug 1963—8 Aug 1963: 'Great Train Robbery' on Glasgow to London mail train
- 17 Sep 1963—17 Sep 1963: Fylingdales (Yorks) early warning system operational
- 18 Nov 1963—18 Nov 1963: Dartford Tunnel opens
- 20 Nov 1963—20 Jan 1969: Lyndon B. Johnson
 Lyndon B. Johnson U.S. Presidency
- 23 Nov 1963—23 Nov 1963: First episode of 'Dr Who' on BBC TV
- 11 1963—20 Jan 1969: Lyndon B. Johnson
Lyndon B. Johnson, vice president under John F. Kennedy, sworn in as president aboard Air Force One upon death of Kennedy.
|
| 210 | 1964 | - 1964—1964: Acrylic paint invented
- 1964—1964: Permanent-press fabric invented
- 1964—1964: BASIC (an early computer language) is invented by John George Kemeny and Tom Kurtz
- 4 1964—Apr 1964: Social Insurance cards first issued
Social Insurance cards issued to all Canadian adults -- privacy concerns limit their use for genealogy puposes
- 1 Jan 1964—1 Jan 1964: First 'Top of the Pops' on BBC TV
- 9 Apr 1964—9 Apr 1964: First Greater London Council (GLC) election
- 21 Apr 1964—21 Apr 1964: BBC2 TV launched
- 22 Aug 1964—22 Aug 1964: 'Match of the Day' starts on BBC2
- 4 Sep 1964—4 Sep 1964: Forth road bridge opens
- 3 1964—1993: Canadian troops in Cyprus
Canadian troops serve in Cyprus as part of the UN peace-keeping force
- 1 1964—23 Jan 1964: 24th Amendment ratified
|
| 211 | 1965 | - 1965—1965: Britain enacts first Race Relations Act
- 1965—1965: Astroturf invented
- 1965—1965: Soft contact lenses invented
- 1965—1965: NutraSweet invented
- 1965—1965: The compact disk invented by James Russell
- 1965—1965: Kevlar invented by Stephanie Louise Kwolek
- 7 Feb 1965—7 Feb 1965: First US raids against North Vietnam
- 7 Apr 1965—7 Apr 1965: Winston Churchill dies
- 7 Jun 1965—6 Jul 1965: 25th Amendment passed by Congress
- 1 Aug 1965—1 Aug 1965: TV cigarette advertising banned in Britain
- 8 Oct 1965—8 Oct 1965: Post Office Tower operational in London
- 28 Oct 1965—28 Oct 1965: Death penalty for murder suspended in Britain for five-year trial period, then
abolished 18 Dec 1969
- 22 Dec 1965—22 Dec 1965: 70mph speed limit introduced on British roads
- 2 1965—15 Feb 1965: Canadian Flag changed
Maple Leaf flag is adopted by Parliament as the official flag of Canada. It replaces the "Canadian" (modified) Red Ensign
|
| 212 | 1966 | - 1966—1966: Electronic Fuel injection for cars invented
- 14 Feb 1966—14 Feb 1966: Australia converts from ? to $
- 3 May 1966—3 May 1966: 'The Times' begins to print news on its front page in place of classified
Advertisements
- 30 Jul 1966—30 Jul 1966: World Cup won by England at Wembley (4-2 in extra time v West Germany)
- 8 Sep 1966—8 Sep 1966: First Severn road bridge opens
- 21 Oct 1966—21 Oct 1966: Aberfan disaster - slag heap slip kills 144, incl. 116 children
- 1 Dec 1966—1 Dec 1966: First Christmas stamps issued in Britain
|
| 213 | 1967 | - 1967—1967: The first handheld calculator invented
- 4 Jan 1967—4 Jan 1967: Donald Campbell dies attempting to break his world water speed record on
Conniston Water - his body and Bluebird recovered in 2002
- 18 Mar 1967—18 Mar 1967: 'Torrey Canyon' oil tanker runs aground off Lands End first major oil spill
- 28 May 1967—28 May 1967: Francis Chichester arrives in Plymouth after solo circumnavigation in Gipsy Moth IV (he was knighted 7th July at Greenwich by the queen using the sword with which Elizabeth I had knighted Sir Francis Drake four centuries earlier
- 27 Jun 1967—27 Jun 1967: First withdrawal from a cash dispenser (ATM) in Britain - at Enfield branch of Barclays
- 1 Jul 1967—1 Jul 1967: First colour TV in Britain
- 14 Aug 1967—14 Aug 1967: Offshore pirate radio stations declared illegal by the UK
- 20 Sep 1967—20 Sep 1967: 'QE2' launched on Clydebank
- 27 Sep 1967—27 Sep 1967: 'Queen Mary' arrives Southampton at end of her last transatlantic voyage
- 30 Sep 1967—30 Sep 1967: BBC Radios 1 2 3 & 4 open first record played on Radio 1 was the controversial 'Flowers in the Rain' by 'The Move'
- 2 Oct 1967—10 Feb 1967: 25th Amendment ratified
- 5 Oct 1967—5 Oct 1967: Introduction of majority verdicts in English courts
- 4 1967—25 Apr 1967: Canadian Armed Forces established
The Canadian Army, Navy and Air Force unite into one combined military force -- a world first
|
| 214 | 1968 | - 1968—1968: The computer mouse invented by Douglas Engelbart
- 1968—1968: The first computer with integrated circuits made
- 1968—1968: Robert Dennard invented RAM (random access memory)
- 18 Feb 1968—18 Feb 1968: British Standard Time introduced - Summer Time became permanent but arguments prevailed and Britain reverted to GMT in October 1971
- 18 Apr 1968—18 Apr 1968: London Bridge sold (and eventually moved to Arizona) - modern London Bridge, built around it as it was demolished, was opened in Mar 1973
- 20 Apr 1968—20 Apr 1968: Enoch Powell 'Rivers of Blood' speech on immigration
- 23 Apr 1968—23 Apr 1968: Issue of 5p and 10p decimal coins in Britain
- 29 May 1968—29 May 1968: Manchester United first English club to win the European Cup
- 11 Aug 1968—11 Aug 1968: Last steam passenger train service ran in Britain (Carlisle- Liverpool)
- 16 Sep 1968—16 Sep 1968: Two-tier postal rate starts in Britain
- 5 Oct 1968—5 Oct 1968: Beginning of disturbances in N Ireland
|
| 215 | 1969 | - 1969—1969: The arpanet (first internet) invented
- 1969—1969: The artificial heart invented
- 1969—1969: The ATM invented
- 1969—1969: The bar-code scanner is invented
- 20 Jan 1969—9 Aug 1974: Richard Nixon
 Richard Nixon U.S. Presidency
- 2 Mar 1969—2 Mar 1969: Maiden flight of 'Concorde', at Toulouse
- 7 Mar 1969—7 Mar 1969: Victoria Line tube opens in London
- 17 Apr 1969—17 Apr 1969: Voting age lowered from 21 to 18
- 2 May 1969—2 May 1969: Maiden voyage of liner Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2)
- 31 Jul 1969—31 Jul 1969: Halfpenny ceases to be legal tender in Britain
- 14 Aug 1969—14 Aug 1969: Civil disturbances in Ulster - Britain sends troops to support civil authorities
- 7 Sep 1969—7 Sep 1969: First episode of 'Monty Python's Flying Circus' recorded
- 14 Oct 1969—14 Oct 1969: 50p coin introduced in Britain (reduced in size 1998)
- 1 1969—9 Aug 1974: Richard Nixon
Richard M Nixon first president to resign from office. His decision was announced 8 Aug 1974
|
| 216 | 1970 | - 1970—1970: Boeing 747 (Jumbo jet) goes into service
- 1970—1970: The daisy-wheel printer invented
- 1970—1970: The floppy disk invented by Alan Shugart
- 17 Jun 1970—17 Jun 1970: Decimal postage stamps first issued for sale in Britain
- 19 Jun 1970—19 Jun 1970: Edward Heath becomes Prime Minister
- 30 Jul 1970—30 Jul 1970: Damages awarded to Thalidomide victims
- 19 Sep 1970—19 Sep 1970: First Glastonbury Festival held
- 20 Nov 1970—20 Nov 1970: Ten shilling note (50p after decimalisation) goes out of circulation in Britain
- 10 1970—16 Oct 1970: War Measures Act Proclaimed in Quebec
Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invokes the War Measures Act to counteract FLQ terrorism
|
| 217 | 1971 | - 1971—1971: Rolls-Royce declared bankrupt
- 1971—1971: 'Greenpeace' founded
- 1971—1971: Sunday becomes the seventh day in the week as UK adopts decision of the International
Standardisation Organisation (ISO) to call Monday the first day
- 1971—1971: Banking and Financial Dealings Act - replaced the Bank Holidays Act of 1871
- 1971—1971: Census of Canada
1971 census is the first completed by the householder
- 1971—1971: Multiculturalism/Bilingualism Policy adopted
Canada gives equal status to both english and french languages
- 1971—1971: The dot-matrix printer invented
- 1971—1971: The food processor invented
- 1971—1971: The liquid-crystal display (LCD) invented by James Fergason
- 1971—1971: The microprocessor invented by Faggin, Hoff and Mazor
- 1971—1971: VCR or videocassette recorder invented
- 3 Jan 1971—3 Jan 1971: Open University starts
- 7 Jan 1971—1 Jul 1971: 26th Amendment ratified
- 15 Feb 1971—15 Feb 1971: Decimalisation of coinage in UK and Republic of Ireland
- 9 Aug 1971—9 Aug 1971: Internment without trial introduced in N Ireland
- 28 Oct 1971—28 Oct 1971: UK launches its first (and only) satellite, Prospero
- 28 Oct 1971—28 Oct 1971: Parliament votes to join Common Market (joined 1973)
- 3 1971—23 Mar 1971: 26th Amendment passed by Congress
|
| 218 | 1972 | - 1972—1972: Dutch Elm disease devastates trees across UK
- 1972—1972: Domestic video cassette recorders introduced
- 1972—1972: Strict anti-hijack measures introduced internationally, especially at airports
- 1972—1972: Britain imposes direct rule in Northern Ireland
- 1972—1972: The word processor invented
- 1972—1972: Pong (first video game) invented by Nolan Bushnell
- 1972—1972: Hacky Sack® invented by John Stalberger and Mike Marshall
- 30 Jan 1972—30 Jan 1972: 'Bloody Sunday' in Derry, Northern Ireland
- 28 May 1972—28 May 1972: Duke of Windsor (ex-King Edward VIII) dies in Paris
|
| 219 | 1973 | - 1973—1973: Gene splicing invented
- 1973—1973: The ethernet (local computer network) invented by Robert Metcalfe and Xerox
- 1973—1973: Bic invents the disposable lighter
- 1 Jan 1973—1 Jan 1973: Britain enters EEC Common Market (with Ireland and Denmark)
- 17 Mar 1973—17 Mar 1973: Modern London Bridge opened by the Queen
- 1 Apr 1973—1 Apr 1973: VAT introduced in Britain
- 26 Sep 1973—26 Sep 1973: Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic in record-breaking
time
- 14 Oct 1973—14 Oct 1973: Marriage of Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips in Westminster Abbey
- 31 Dec 1973—31 Dec 1973: Miners strike and oil crisis precipitate 'three-day week' (till 9 Mar 1974) to
conserve power
|
| 220 | 1974 | - 1974—1974: New counties formed in Britain after re-organisation of some county boundaries
- 1974—1974: Quebec makes french the official language
French language priority causes hundreds of businesses and non-french-speaking families to move out of Quebec
- 1974—1974: The post-it note invented by Arthur Fry
- 1974—1974: Giorgio Fischer, a gynecologist from Rome, Italy, invents liposuction
- 1 Jun 1974—1 Jun 1974: Flixborough disaster: explosion at chemical plant kills 28 people
- 9 Aug 1974—20 Jan 1977: Gerald Ford
 Gerald Ford U.S. Presidency
- 8 Sep 1974—20 Jan 1977: Gerald Ford
- 7 Nov 1974—7 Nov 1974: Lord Lucan disappears
- 21 Nov 1974—21 Nov 1974: Birmingham pub bombings by the IRA
|
| 221 | 1975 | - 1975—1975: Unemployment in Britain rises above 1M for first time since before WW2
- 1975—1975: The laser printer invented
- 1975—1975: The push-through tab on a drink can invented
- 11 Feb 1975—11 Feb 1975: Margaret Thatcher becomes leader of Conservative party (in opposition)
- 28 Feb 1975—28 Feb 1975: Moorgate tube crash in London - over 43 deaths, greatest loss of life on the
Underground in peacetime. The cause of the incident was never conclusively determined
- 4 Mar 1975—4 Mar 1975: Charlie Chaplin knighted
- 5 Jun 1975—5 Jun 1975: UK votes in a referendum to stay in the European Community
- 29 Oct 1975—29 Oct 1975: 'Yorkshire Ripper' commits his first murder
- 3 Nov 1975—3 Nov 1975: First North Sea oil comes ashore
- 29 Nov 1975—29 Nov 1975: The name 'Micro-soft' coined by Bill Gates (Microsoft' became a Trademark the
following year)
- 27 Dec 1975—27 Dec 1975: Equal Pay Act and Sex Discrimination Act come into force
|
| 222 | 1976 | - 1976—1976: National Theatre opens in London
- 1976—1976: James Callaghan becomes Prime Minister
- 1976—1976: Deaths exceeded live births in E&W for first time since records began in 1837
- 1976—1976: 'Cod War' between Britain and Iceland
- 1976—1976: The ink-jet printer invented
- 21 Jan 1976—21 Jan 1976: Concorde enters supersonic passenger service
- 1 Apr 1976—1 Apr 1976: Apple Computer formed by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak
- 6 Aug 1976—6 Aug 1976: Drought Act 1976 comes into force ? the long, hot summer
- 7 1976—14 Jul 1976: Canada abolishes death penalty
|
| 223 | 1977 | - 1977—1977: Magnetic resonance imaging invented by Raymond V. Damadian
- 20 Jan 1977—20 Jan 1981: Jimmy Carter
 Jimmy Carter U.S. Presidency
- 2 Mar 1977—2 Mar 1977: 'Red Rum' wins a third Grand National
- 25 May 1977—25 May 1977: George Lucas' film Star Wars' released
- 5 Jun 1977—5 Jun 1977: Apple II, the first practical personal computer, goes on sale
- 7 Jun 1977—7 Jun 1977: Queen's Silver Jubilee celebrations in London
- 22 Nov 1977—22 Nov 1977: Regular supersonic Concorde service between London and NY inaugurated
- 1 1977—20 Jan 1981: Jimmy Carter
|
| 224 | 1978 | - 1978—1978: Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston invented the VisiCalc spreadsheet
- 1978—1978: The artificial heart Jarvik-7 invented by Robert K. Jarvik
- 8 Apr 1978—8 Apr 1978: Regular broadcast of proceedings in Parliament starts
- 1 May 1978—1 May 1978: First May Day holiday in Britain
- 25 Jul 1978—25 Jul 1978: World's first 'test tube' baby, Louise Browne born in Oldham
- 30 Nov 1978—30 Nov 1978: Publication of The Times suspended - industrial relations problems (until 13
Nov 1979)
|
| 225 | 1979 | - 1979—1979: Cellular phones invented
- 1979—1979: Cray supercomputer invented by Seymour Cray
- 1979—1979: Walkman invented
- 1979—1979: Scott Olson invents roller blades
- 1 Mar 1979—1 Mar 1979: 32.5% of Scots vote in favor of devolution (40% needed) - Welsh vote overwhelmingly against
- 30 Mar 1979—30 Mar 1979: Airey Neave killed by a car bomb at Westminster
- 31 Mar 1979—31 Mar 1979: Withdrawal of the Royal Navy from Malta
- 4 May 1979—4 May 1979: Margaret Thatcher becomes first woman UK Prime Minister
- 1 Jul 1979—1 Jul 1979: Sony introduces the Walkman
- 27 Aug 1979—27 Aug 1979: Lord Mountbatten and 3 others killed in bomb blast off coast of Sligo, Ireland
- 18 Sep 1979—18 Sep 1979: ILEA votes to abolish corporal punishment in its schools
|
| 226 | 1980 | - 1980—1980: The hepatitis-B vaccine invented
- 5 May 1980—5 May 1980: SAS storm Iranian Embassy in London to free hostages
- 8 Dec 1980—8 Dec 1980: John Lennon assassinated in New York
|
| 227 | 1981 | - 1981—1981: MS-DOS invented
- 1981—1981: The first IBM-PC invented
- 1981—1981: The scanning tunneling microscope invented by Gerd Karl Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer
- 20 Jan 1981—20 Jan 1989: Ronald Reagan
 Ronald Reagan U.S. Presidency
- 25 Jan 1981—25 Jan 1981: Launch of SDP by 'Gang of Four' in Britain
- 29 Mar 1981—29 Mar 1981: First London marathon run
- 11 Apr 1981—11 Apr 1981: Brixton riots in South London - 30 other British cities also experience riots
- 25 Apr 1981—25 Apr 1981: Worst April blizzards this century in Britain
- 27 Apr 1981—27 Apr 1981: First use of computer mouse (by Xerox PARC system)
- 29 Jul 1981—29 Jul 1981: Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer (divorced 28 Aug 1996)
- 12 Aug 1981—12 Aug 1981: IBM launches its PC ? starts the general use of personal computers
- 12 Aug 1981—12 Aug 1981: First IBM PC
IBM launches the first PC
- 1 1981—20 Jan 1989: Ronald Reagan
|
| 228 | 1982 | - 1982—1982: Human growth hormone genetically engineered
- 26 Jan 1982—26 Jan 1982: Unemployment reached 3 million in Britain (1 in 8 of working population)
- 5 Feb 1982—5 Feb 1982: Laker Airways collapses
- 19 Feb 1982—19 Feb 1982: DeLorean Car factory in Belfast goes into receivership
- 18 Mar 1982—18 Mar 1982: Argentinians raised flag in South Georgia
- 2 Apr 1982—2 Apr 1982: Argentina invades Falkland (Malvinas) Islands
- 5 Apr 1982—5 Apr 1982: Royal Navy fleet sails from Portsmouth for Falklands
- 2 May 1982—2 May 1982: British nuclear submarine HMS Conqueror sinks Argentine cruiser General
Belgrano
- 28 May 1982—28 May 1982: First land battle in Falklands (Goose Green)
- 14 Jun 1982—14 Jun 1982: Ceasefire in Falklands
- 21 Jun 1982—21 Jun 1982: Prince William is born
- 20 Jul 1982—20 Jul 1982: IRA bombings in London (Hyde Park and Regents Park)
- 19 Sep 1982—19 Sep 1982: Smiley emoticon :-) said to have been used for the first time
- 11 Oct 1982—11 Oct 1982: Mary Rose' raised in the Solent (sank in 1545)
- 31 Oct 1982—31 Oct 1982: Thames Barrier raised for first time (some say first public demonstration Nov 7)
- 2 Nov 1982—2 Nov 1982: Channel 4 TV station launched - first programme 'Countdown'
- 4 Nov 1982—4 Nov 1982: Lorries up to 38 tonnes allowed on Britain's roads
- 12 Dec 1982—12 Dec 1982: Women's peace protest at Greenham Common (Cruise missiles arrived 14 Nov
1983)
- 4 1982—17 Apr 1982: Canadian Constitution Act replaces British North America Act of 1867
Royal assent given to 'patriate the Constitution' and to create the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
|
| 229 | 1983 | - 1983—1983: First female Lord Mayor of London elected (Dame Mary Donaldson)
- 1983—1983: The Apple Lisa invented
- 1983—1983: Soft bifocal contact lens invented
- 1983—1983: First Cabbage Patch Kids sold
- 1983—1983: Programmer Jaron Lanier first coins the term "virtual reality"
- 17 Jan 1983—17 Jan 1983: Start of breakfast TV in Britain
- 31 Jan 1983—31 Jan 1983: Seat belt law comes into force
- 21 Apr 1983—21 Apr 1983: ?1 coin into circulation in Britain
- 7 Oct 1983—7 Oct 1983: Plans to abolish GLC announced
- 26 Nov 1983—26 Nov 1983: Brinks Mat robbery: 6,800 gold bars worth nearly ?26 million are stolen from a
vault at Heathrow Airport
- 10 1983—31 Oct 1983: Grenada
United States Intervention
|
| 230 | 1984 | - 1984—1984: The CD-ROM invented
- 1984—1984: The Apple Macintosh invented
- 6 Mar 1984—6 Mar 1984: Miners strike begins
- 17 Apr 1984—17 Apr 1984: Police Constable Yvonne Fletcher killed by gunfire from the Libyan Embassy in
London
- 22 Jun 1984—22 Jun 1984: Inaugural flight of Virgin Atlantic
- 9 Jul 1984—9 Jul 1984: York Minster struck by lightning - the resulting fire damaged much of the building
but the Rose Window' not affected
- 12 Oct 1984—12 Oct 1984: IRA bomb explodes at Tory conference hotel in Brighton - 4 killed
- 24 Oct 1984—24 Oct 1984: Miners' strike ? High Court orders sequestration of NUM assets
- 3 Dec 1984—3 Dec 1984: British Telecom privatised - shares make massive gains on first day's trading
|
| 231 | 1985 | - 1985—1985: Windows program invented by Microsoft
- 3 Mar 1985—3 Mar 1985: Miners agree to call off strike
- 11 Mar 1985—11 Mar 1985: Al Fayed buys Harrods
- 13 Jul 1985—13 Jul 1985: Live Aid' pop concert raises over ?50M for famine relief
- 1 Sep 1985—1 Sep 1985: Wreck of Titanic' found (sank 1912)
- 12 Dec 1985—12 Dec 1985: Plane crash in Gander, Newfoundland
A DC-8 crashes just after take-off killing 256
|
| 232 | 1986 | - 1986—1986: Census of Canada
1986 census asks about activity limitations
- 1986—1986: A high-temperature super-conductor invented by J. Georg Bednorz and Karl A. Muller
- 1986—1986: Synthetic skin invented by G. Gregory Gallico, III
- 1986—1986: Fuji introduced the disposable camera
- 31 Mar 1986—31 Mar 1986: GLC and 6 metropolitan councils abolished
- 26 Apr 1986—26 Apr 1986: Chernobyl nuclear accident - radiation reached Britain on 2 Ma
- 26 May 1986—26 May 1986: The European Community adopts the European flag
- 23 Jul 1986—23 Jul 1986: Prince Andrew, Duke of York marries Sarah Ferguson at Westminster Abbey
- 27 Oct 1986—27 Oct 1986: 'Big Bang' (deregulation) of the London Stock Market
- 29 Oct 1986—29 Oct 1986: M25 motorway ring around London completed
|
| 233 | 1987 | - 1987—1987: World population crossed the 5 billion mark
- 1987—1987: The first 3-D video game invented
- 1987—1987: Disposable contact lenses invented
- 2 Feb 1987—2 Feb 1987: Terry Waite kidnapped in Beirut (released 17 Nov 1991)
- 6 Mar 1987—6 Mar 1987: Car ferry Herald of Free Enterprise' capsizes off Zeebrugge - 188 die
- 1 Jul 1987—1 Jul 1987: Excavation begins on the Channel Tunnel
- 19 Aug 1987—19 Aug 1987: Hungerford Massacre - Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with a rifle
- 16 Oct 1987—16 Oct 1987: The 'Hurricane' sweeps southern England
- 19 Oct 1987—19 Oct 1987: 'Black Monday' in the City of London - Stock Market crash
- 8 Nov 1987—8 Nov 1987: Enniskillen bombing at a Remembrance Day ceremony
- 18 Nov 1987—18 Nov 1987: King's Cross fire in London - 31 people die
|
| 234 | 1988 | - 1988—1988: Digital cellular phones invented
- 1988—1988: The RU-486 (abortion pill) invented
- 1988—1988: Doppler radar invented by Christian Andreas Doppler
- 1988—1988: Prozac® invented at the Eli Lilly Company by inventor Ray Fuller
- 1988—1988: The first patent for a genetically engineered animal is issued to Harvard University researchers Philip Leder and Timothy Stewar
- 1988—1988: Ralph Alessio and Fredrik Olsen received a patent for the Indiglo ® nightlight
- 5 Feb 1988—5 Feb 1988: First 'Red Nose Day' in UK, raising money for charity
- 6 Jul 1988—6 Jul 1988: Piper Alpha disaster - North Sea oil platform destroyed by explosion and fire
killing 167 men
- 15 Nov 1988—15 Nov 1988: Copyright, Designs and Patents Act - reformulated the statutory basis of
copyright law (including performing rights) in the UK
- 12 Dec 1988—12 Dec 1988: Clapham Junction rail crash kills 35 and injures hundreds after two collisions of
three commuter trains
- 21 Dec 1988—21 Dec 1988: Lockerbie disaster - Pan Am flight 103 explodes over Scotland
|
| 235 | 1989 | - 1989—1989: Poll Tax implemented in Scotland
- 1989—1989: High-definition television invented
- 1 Jan 1989—1 Jan 1989: Free Trade Agreement with U.S.
- 20 Jan 1989—20 Jan 1993: George H. W. Bush
 George H. W. Bush U.S. Presidency
- 14 Feb 1989—14 Feb 1989: The first of 24 satellites of the Global Positioning System is placed into orbit
- 2 Mar 1989—2 Mar 1989: EU decision to ban production of all chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by the end of
the century
- 9 Nov 1989—9 Nov 1989: Berlin Wall torn down
- 21 Nov 1989—21 Nov 1989: Proceedings of House of Commons first televised live
- 1 1989—20 Jan 1993: George H.W. Bush
- 12 1989—3 Jan 1990: US Invasion of Panama
United States vs Panama
|
| 236 | 1990 | - 1990—1990: The World Wide Web/Internet protocol (HTTP) and WWW language (HTML) created by Tim Berners-Lee
- 8 Feb 1990—28 Feb 1991: Persian Gulf War
United States and Coalition Forces vs Iraq
- 11 Feb 1990—11 Feb 1990: Nelson Mandela released in South Africa
- 31 Mar 1990—31 Mar 1990: Riots in London against Poll Tax which had been implemented in England &
Wales
- 25 Apr 1990—25 Apr 1990: Hubble space telescope launched
- 2 Aug 1990—28 Feb 1991: Gulf War
 Gulf War
- 22 Nov 1990—22 Nov 1990: Margaret Thatcher resigns as Conservative party leader (and Prime Minister)
- 1 Dec 1990—1 Dec 1990: Channel Tunnel excavation teams meet in the middle
|
| 237 | 1991 | - 1991—1991: The 'Internet' comes into existence
- 1991—1991: Poll Tax replaced (by Council Tax)
- 1991—1991: Census of Canada
1991 census asks about common-law status for the first time
- 1991—1991: The digital answering machine invented
- 18 May 1991—18 May 1991: Helen Sharman is first British Astronaut in Space
- Aug 1991—Aug 1991: Collapse of the Soviet Union
- 6 Sep 1991—6 Sep 1991: Leningrad renamed St Petersburg
- 5 Nov 1991—5 Nov 1991: Robert Maxwell drowns at sea
|
| 238 | 1992 | - 1992—1992: The smart pill invented
- 7 Feb 1992—7 Feb 1992: European Union formed by The Maastricht Treaty
- 22 Apr 1992—22 Apr 1992: Betty Boothroyd elected as first female Speaker of the House of Commons
- 5 Jul 1992—7 May 1992: 27th Amendment ratified
- 15 Aug 1992—15 Aug 1992: Football Premier League kicks off in England
- 16 Sep 1992—16 Sep 1992: 'Black Wednesday' as Pound leaves the ERM
- 20 Nov 1992—20 Nov 1992: Fire breaks out in Windsor Castle causing over ?50 million worth of damage
- 24 Nov 1992—24 Nov 1992: The Queen describes this year as an 'Annus Horribilis'
|
| 239 | 1993 | - 1993—1993: Elizabeth II becomes first British Monarch to pay Income Tax
- 1993—1993: Betty Boothroyd first woman Speaker of the House of Commons (to 2000)
- 1993—1993: The pentium processor invented
- 20 Jan 1993—20 Jan 2001: Bill Clinton
 Bill Clinton U.S. Presidency
- Jul 1993—Jul 1993: Ratification of Maastricht Treaty, established the European Union (EU)
- 1 1993—20 Jan 2001: William Jefferson Clinton
|
| 240 | 1994 | - 1994—1994: 15 million people now connected to the Internet
- 1994—1994: HIV protease inhibitor invented
- 12 Mar 1994—12 Mar 1994: Church of England ordains its first female priests
- 6 May 1994—6 May 1994: Channel Tunnel open to traffic
- 19 Nov 1994—19 Nov 1994: National Lottery starts
|
| 241 | 1995 | - 1995—1996: Intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina
United States as part of NATO acted peacekeepers in former Yugoslavia
- 1995—1995: The Java computer language invented
- 1995—1995: DVD (Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc) invented
- 26 Feb 1995—26 Feb 1995: Nick Leeson brings down Barings Bank
- 15 Jul 1995—15 Jul 1995: First item sold on Amazon.com
- 16 Nov 1995—16 Nov 1995: The Queen Mother has a hip replacement operation at 95 years old
- 22 Nov 1995—22 Nov 1995: Toy Story' released - first feature-length film created completely using
computer-generated imagery
|
| 242 | 1996 | - 1996—1996: Web TV invented
- 9 Feb 1996—9 Feb 1996: IRA bomb explodes in London Docklands - ends 17 month ceasefire
- 13 Mar 1996—13 Mar 1996: Dunblane massacre
- 15 Jun 1996—15 Jun 1996: IRA bomb explodes in Manchester
- 5 Jul 1996—5 Jul 1996: Scientists in Scotland clone a sheep (Dolly)
- 28 Aug 1996—28 Aug 1996: Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales are divorced
- 5 1996—15 May 1996: Census of Canada
1996 census counts 28,846,761 individuals. Asks about unpaid housework and mode of transportation to work
|
| 243 | 1997 | - 1997—1997: The gas-powered fuel cell invented
- 30 Mar 1997—30 Mar 1997: Channel 5 TV begins in UK (launched by the Spice Girls)
- 1 May 1997—1 May 1997: 'New' Labour landslide victory in Britain (Tony Blair replaces John Major as
Prime Minister)
- 6 May 1997—6 May 1997: Announcement that Bank of England to be made independent of Government
control
- 11 May 1997—11 May 1997: First time a computer beats a master at chess (IBM's Deep Blue v Garry
Kasparov)
- 1 Jul 1997—1 Jul 1997: Hong Kong returned to China
- 19 Jul 1997—19 Jul 1997: IRA declares a ceasefire
- 31 Aug 1997—31 Aug 1997: Diana, Princess of Wales killed in car crash in Paris
- 25 Sep 1997—25 Sep 1997: Land speed record breaks sound barrier for first time
|
| 244 | 1998 | - 1998—1998: Viagra® invented
- 10 Apr 1998—10 Apr 1998: Good Friday peace agreement in Northern Ireland - effectively implemented in
May 2007
- 14 Aug 1998—14 Aug 1998: Car bomb explodes in Omagh killing 29 people
- 27 Sep 1998—27 Sep 1998: 'Google' search engine founded
|
| 245 | 1999 | - 1999—1999: World population reaches 6 billion
- 1999—1999: Scientists measure the fastest wind speed ever recorded on earth, 509 km/h(318 mph)
- 1999—1999: Tekno Bubbles patented
- 1 Jan 1999—1 Jan 1999: European Monetary Union begins - UK opts out - by the end of the year the
Euro has approximately the same value as the US Dollar
- 4 Jan 1999—1 Apr 1999: Nunavut created in the Arctic
Canada's third territory, Nunavut, formed from part of the Northwest Territories to give the Inuit people more autonomy
- 1 Jul 1999—1 Jul 1999: The Scottish Parliament is officially opened by Queen Elizabeth - powers are
officially transferred from the Scottish Office in London to the new devolved Scottish
Executive in Edinburgh
- 11 Aug 1999—11 Aug 1999: Total eclipse of the sun visible in Devon and Cornwall
- 11 Nov 1999—11 Nov 1999: Hereditary Peers no longer have right to sit in House of Lords
|
| 246 | 2000 | - 1 Jan 2000—1 Jan 2000: The year in Britain started with a 'flu bug rather than a millennium bug
- Mar 2000—Mar 2000: London Eye opens, late but popular
- 22 Apr 2000—22 Apr 2000: The Big Number Change takes place in the UK - affected telephone dialling
codes assigned to Cardiff, Coventry, London, Northern Ireland, Portsmouth and Southampton
- 4 May 2000—4 May 2000: Ken Livingstone elected first Mayor of London (not to be confused with Lord
Mayor of London!)
- 10 Jun 2000—10 Jun 2000: Millennium footbridge over the Thames opens, but wobbles and is quickly
declared dangerous and closed - finally reopened Feb 2002
- 25 Jul 2000—25 Jul 2000: A chartered Air France Concorde crashes on take-off at Paris with the loss of all lives
- Sep 2000—Sep 2000: 'People Power' emerged suddenly as protestors against high Road Fuel Tax used
mobile phones and the Internet to co-ordinate blockades on fuel depots - resulted in
nationwide panic buying of fuel and service stations running out across the country
- Oct 2000—Oct 2000: Heavy rains cause worst flooding since records began (1850s) in many
parts of Britain (Oct-Dec)
- 17 Oct 2000—17 Oct 2000: Derailment at speed on the main London-North eastern line at Hatfield caused
by a broken rail
|
| 247 | 2001 | - 20 Jan 2001—20 Jan 2009: George W. Bush
 George W. Bush U.S. Presidency
- Feb 2001—Feb 2001: Outbreak of Foot & Mouth disease in UK - lasted until October - caused
postponement of local and general elections from May to June
- 12 May 2001—12 May 2001: FA Cup Final played at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff - first time away from Wembley since 1922
- 7 Jun 2001—7 Jun 2001: General Election - Labour returned again with a large majority, the first time
they had succeeded in gaining a second term
- 1 Sep 2001—1 Sep 2001: New-style number plates on road vehicles in UK [eg. AB 51 ABC]
- 7 Oct 2001—28 Dec 2014: War in Afghanistan
 War in Afghanistan
- 7 Nov 2001—7 Nov 2001: Concorde flights resume after modifications to tyres and fuel tanks
- Dec 2001—Dec 2001: UK Christmas stamps self-adhesive for the first time (self-adhesive 1st & 2nd class
definitives already on sale)
- 5 2001—15 May 2001: Census of Canada
2001 census counts 30,007,094 individuals
- 1 2001—20 Jan 2009: George W. Bush
|
| 248 | 2002 | - 1 Jan 2002—1 Jan 2002: Twelve major countries in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Holland, Irish Republic,
Italy, Luxembourg, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Spain, Portugal) and their
dependents start using the Euro instead of their old national currencies; the UK stays
out - the
- 22 Feb 2002—22 Feb 2002: Millennium Bridge over the Thames in London finally opens
- 30 Mar 2002—30 Mar 2002: The Queen Mother dies, aged 101 years
- 2 Jul 2002—2 Jul 2002: Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly solo around the world nonstop in a
balloon
|
| 249 | 2003 | - 2003—1 May 2003: Invasion of Iraq
United States and Coalition Forces vs. Iraq
- 17 Feb 2003—17 Feb 2003: Start of Congestion Charge for traffic entering central London
- 20 Mar 2003—18 Dec 2011: Iraq War
 Iraq War
- 10 Aug 2003—10 Aug 2003: Temperatures reach record high of 101 F (38.3 C) in Kent
- 24 Oct 2003—24 Oct 2003: Last commercial flight of Concorde
- 22 Nov 2003—22 Nov 2003: England wins Rugby World Cup in nail-biting final in Australia - first northern
hemisphere team to do this
- 13 Dec 2003—13 Dec 2003: Saddam Hussein captured near his home town of Tikrit (executed 30 Dec 2006)
- 26 Dec 2003—26 Dec 2003: Queen Mary 2 arrives in Southampton from the builder's yard in France 2004
|
| 250 | 2004 | - 29 Mar 2004—29 Mar 2004: Alistair Cooke dies at the age of 95 - until four weeks previously, and since
1946, he had broadcast his regular 'Letter from America' on BBC radio
- 29 Mar 2004—29 Mar 2004: Ireland becomes first country in the world to ban smoking in public places
- 1 May 2004—1 May 2004: Enlargement of the European Union to include 25 members by the entry of 10
new states: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary,
Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus
|
| 251 | 2005 | - 16 Feb 2005—16 Feb 2005: Kyoto Protocol on climate change came into force
- 18 Feb 2005—18 Feb 2005: Ban on hunting with dogs came into force in England & Wales (had already
been a similar law for about two years in Scotland)
- 6 Jul 2005—6 Jul 2005: London chosen as venue for the 2012 Olympic Games
- 7 Jul 2005—7 Jul 2005: Suicide bombers attack London for the first time
- 28 Jul 2005—28 Jul 2005: IRA declare an end to their 'armed struggle'
- 12 Sep 2005—12 Sep 2005: England regain the 'Ashes' after a gripping Test series (but are whitewashed 5-0
in the return series in Australia 2007)
- 9 Dec 2005—9 Dec 2005: Last Routemaster bus runs on regular service in London
- 11 Dec 2005—11 Dec 2005: Explosions at the Buncefield Oil Depot in Hemel Hempstead
- 21 Dec 2005—21 Dec 2005: Same-sex civil partnerships begin
- famously, on this day, between Elton John and David Furnish
|
| 252 | 2006 | - 1 Mar 2006—1 Mar 2006: Welsh Assembly Building opened by the Queen
- 26 Mar 2006—26 Mar 2006: Prohibition of smoking in enclosed public places in Scotland
- 21 Apr 2006—21 Apr 2006: 80th birthday of Queen Elizabeth II
- 21 Aug 2006—21 Aug 2006: UK postage rates start to be measured by size as well as by weight
|
| 253 | 2007 | - 1 Jan 2007—1 Jan 2007: Further enlargement of the European Union to include Bulgaria and Romania
- 19 Feb 2007—19 Feb 2007: Extension of Congestion Charge zone for London, westwards
- 8 May 2007—8 May 2007: A Northern Ireland Executive formed under the leadership of Ian Paisley (DUP)
and Martin McGuinness (Sinn Fein)
- 1 Jul 2007—1 Jul 2007: Prohibition of smoking in enclosed public places in England (thus completing
cover of the entire UK)
- 14 Nov 2007—14 Nov 2007: First rail service direct from St Pancras to France (replacing that from Waterloo)
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1912 - 1915 (3 years)
The French and Indian War
American Revolutionary War