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Benjamin Elliott, Esq.

Benjamin Elliott, Esq.

Male 1787 - 1836  (49 years)


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   Date  Event(s)
1 1383 
  • 1383—99 9999: Regular series of wills starts in Prerogative Court of Canterbury
2 1750 
  • 1750—1805: Neo-Classical Period (Art and Antiques)
3 1755 
  • 1755—1827: Publication of Dictionary of the English Language by Dr, Johnson
    Period of canal construction began in Britian
4 1760 
  • 1760—1820: King George III
    King George III ( 1760 - 1820 ) {\n}{\n}1760 - George becomes king on the death of his grandfather, George II.{\n}1762 - The Earl of Bute is appointed Prime Minister. Bute proves so unpopular that he needs to have a bodyguard.{\n}1763 - Peace of Paris end
  • 10 1760—29 Jan 1820: George III
    House of Hanover: Grandson of George II, married Charlotte of Mecklenburg
5 1763 
  • 1763—1884: POST-DEPORTATION PERIOD
6 1764 
  • 8 1764—1862: Indian treaties transferring land to Britain
7 1773 
  • 1773—1858: East India Company governs Hindustan
8 1784 
  • 1784—1789: Mass migration of Loyalists
    Migration starts with 6,000 Americans & 1,000 Iroquois led by Joseph Brant. Total reaches 10,000 by end of decade
9 1785 
10 1787 
  • 1787—1787: MCC (Marylebone Cricket Club) established at Thomas Lord's ground in London
  • 1787—1787: Earliest known Swedenborgian (Church of the New Jerusalem or Jerusalemite) registers
  • 1787—1787: The first population census of genealogical value was taken
  • 12 Jul 1787—7 Dec 1787: Delaware
    1st State
  • 12 Jul 1787—7 Dec 1787: Delaware ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was Unanimous.
  • 12 Dec 1787—12 Dec 1787: Pennsylvania
    2nd State
  • 12 Dec 1787—12 Dec 1787: Pennsylvania ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 46-23.
  • 7 1787—18 Feb 1803: Ohio Territory Organized
  • 12 1787—18 Dec 1787: New Jersey
    3rd State
  • 12 1787—18 Dec 1787: New Jersey ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was unanimous.
  • 9 1787—28 Sep 1787: New Constitution sent to for ratification
    The Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia proposed, debated and drafted the new U.S. Constitution during hte summer of 1787. Ratification by nine states was required for the Constitution to take effect. James Madison was the primary author.
11 1788 
  • 1788—1788: Gibbon completes Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'
  • 1788—1788: King George III's mental illness occasions the Regency Crisis - Edmund Burke and Charles James Fox attack ministry of William Pitt - trying to obtain full regal powers for the Prince of Wales
  • 1788—1788: Law passed requiring that chimney sweepers be a minimum of 8 years old (not enforced)
  • 1788—1788: First slave carrying act, the Dolben Act of 1788, regulates the slave trade - stipulates more humane conditions on slave ships
  • 1788—1788: First steamboat demonstrated in Scotland
  • 1788—1788: 26th January, First convicts (and free settlers) arrive in New Soputh Wales
    First steamboat demonstration in Scotland (but see 1802){\n}Law passed requiring that chimney sweepers be minimum of 9 years old (not enforced)\First slave carrying act, The Dolben Act of 1788, regulates the slave trade - stipulated more humane conditions
  • 1788—1788: The Scarce Year
    Upper Canada's 1787 crop failures result in famine
  • 1788—1788: The abolition of the "stavnsbaand" (compulsory residence by the peasant and farming classes.)
  • 26 Jan 1788—26 Jan 1788: First convicts (and free settlers) arrive in New South Wales (left Portsmouth 13 May 1787) ? the 'First Fleet'; eleven ships commanded by Captain Arthur Phillip
  • 1 Feb 1788—2 Jan 1788: Georgia
    4th State
  • 1 Feb 1788—2 Jan 1788: Georgia ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was unanimous.
  • 2 Jun 1788—6 Feb 1788: Massachusetts
    6th State
  • 2 Jun 1788—6 Feb 1788: Massachusetts ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 187-168.
  • 1 Sep 1788—9 Jan 1788: Connecticut
    5th State
  • 1 Sep 1788—9 Jan 1788: Connecticut ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 128-40.
  • 6 1788—21 Jun 1788: New Hampshire
    9th State
  • 6 1788—21 Jun 1788: New Hampshire ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 57-47.
  • 6 1788—21 Jun 1788: United States Constitution in effect
  • 5 1788—23 May 1788: South Carolina
    8th State
  • 5 1788—23 May 1788: South Carolina ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 149-73.
  • 7 1788—24 Jul 1788: New York ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 30-27.
  • 6 1788—25 Jun 1788: Virginia
    10th State
  • 6 1788—26 Jun 1788: New York
    11th State
  • 6 1788—26 Jun 1788: Virginia ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 89-79.
  • 4 1788—28 Apr 1788: Maryland
    7th State
  • 4 1788—28 Apr 1788: Maryland ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 63-11.
12 1789 
13 1790 
  • 1790—1790: Forth and Clyde Canal opened in Scotland
  • 1790—1790: Forth and Clyde Canal opened in Scotland
  • 1790—1790: The United States issued its first patent to William Pollard of Philadelphia for a machine that roves and spins cotton
  • 5 1790—31 May 1796: Tennessee Territory Organized
  • 5 1790—29 May 1790: Rhode Island
    13th State
  • 5 1790—29 May 1790: Rhode Island ratified U.S. Constitution
    The vote was 34-32.
14 1791 
  • 1791—1791: Establishment of the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain
  • 1791—1791: John Bell, printer, abandons the long s' (the 's' that looks like an 'f')
  • 1791—1791: Sugar prices rise steeply
    John Bell, printer, abandons the "long s" (the 's' that looks like an 'f'){\n}Establishment of the Ordinance Survey of Great Brittain{\n}4th December - First publication of The Observer - oldest Sunday newspaper
  • 1791—1791: John Barber invents the gas turbine
  • 1791—1791: Early bicycles invented in Scotland
  • 3 Apr 1791—4 Mar 1791: Vermont
    14th State
  • 6 Oct 1791—10 Jun 1791: Constitutional Act
    Lower Canada (now Québec) and Upper Canada (now Ontario) established
  • 4 Dec 1791—4 Dec 1791: First publication of The Observer - world's oldest Sunday newspaper
  • 1 1791—24 Jan 1791: District of Columbia
    President George Washington selects a site that includes portions of Maryland and Virginia. It becomes the seat of government 1 Dec 1800
15 1792 
  • 1792—1792: Coal-gas lighting invented by William Murdock, an Ayrshire Scot
  • 1792—1792: Boyle's Street Directory published
  • 1792—1792: Repression in Britain (restrictions on freedom of the press) - Fox gets Libel Act through Parliament, requiring a jury and not a judge to determine libel
  • 1792—1792: Repression in Britian (restrictions on freedom of the press)
    Fox gets Libel Act through Parliament, requiring a jury and not a judge to determine libel{\n}Boyle's Street Directory published{\n}1st October - Introduction of Money Orders in Britain{\n}Coal-gas lightening invented by William Murdock, and Ayshire Scot{
  • 1792—1792: George Vancouver exploration
    exploration of Pacific Coast
  • 1792—1792: William Murdoch invents gas lighting
  • 1792—1792: The first ambulance
  • 6 Jan 1792—1 Jun 1792: Kentucky
    15th State
  • 1 Oct 1792—1 Oct 1792: Introduction of Money Orders in Britain
  • 1 Dec 1792—1 Dec 1792: King's Proclamation drawing out the British militia
16 1793 
  • 1793—1793: 11th February - England declares war on France (1793-1802)
    Execution of Louis XVI{\n}15th April - £5 notes first issue by the Bank of England
  • 1793—20 Jul 1793: Alexander MacKenzie crosses Canada by land
    first crossing of Canada by land and exploration of Pacific Coast
  • 11 Feb 1793—11 Feb 1793: Britain declares war on France (1793-1802)
  • 15 Apr 1793—15 Apr 1793: ?5 notes first issued by the Bank of England
  • 7 Sep 1793—9 Jul 1793: Upper Canada's Abolition Act
    Forbade any new slaves, and gave freedom to children of slaves at least 25 years of age if born after 1793
17 1794 
  • 1794—1794: Abolition of Parish Register duties
  • 1794—1794: Abolition of Parish Register duties
    Battle of Glorious First of June{\n}6th october - The prosecutor for Britain, Lord Justice Eyre, charges reformers with High Treason - he argued that, since reform of parliament would lead to revolution and revolution to executing the King, the desire for
  • 1794—1794: Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin
  • 1794—1794: Welshmen, Philip Vaughan invents ball bearings
  • 3 Apr 1794—4 Mar 1794: 11th Amendment passed by Congress
  • 6 Oct 1794—6 Oct 1794: The prosecutor for Britain, Lord Justice Eyre, charges reformers with High Treason - he argued that, since reform of parliament would lead to revolution and revolution to executing the King, the desire for reform endangered the King's life and was theref
18 1795 
  • 1795—1795: The Famine Year
  • 1795—1795: Foundation of the Orange Order
  • 1795—1795: Speenhamland Act proclaims that the Parish is responsible for bringing up the labourer's wage to subsistence level - towards the end of the eighteenth century, the number of poor and unemployed increased dramatically - price increases during the Napoleo
  • 1795—1795: Pitt and Grenville introduce The Gagging Acts' or 'Two Bills' (the Seditious Meetings and Treasonable Practices Bills) - outlawed the mass meeting and the political lecture.
  • 1795—1795: Consumption of lime juice made compulsory in Royal Navy
  • 1795—1795: The Famine Year
    Foundation of the Orange Order{\n}Speenhamland Act proclaims that the Parish is responsible for bringing up the labourer's wage to substitence level{\n}Towards the end of the eighteenth century, the number of poor and umemployed increased dramatically - p
  • 1795—1795: Francois Appert invents the preserving jar for food
  • 2 Jul 1795—7 Feb 1795: 11th Amendment ratified
19 1796 
  • 1796—1796: Pitt's Reign of Terror': More treason trials - leading radicals emigrate
  • 1796—1796: Legacy Tax on sums over ?20 excluding those to wives, children, parents and grandparents
  • 1796—1796: Holden's Triennial Directory published
    Pitt's "Reign of Terror" - more treason trials - leading radicals emigrate
  • 1796—1796: Town of York (Toronto) becomes capital of Upper Canada
  • 1796—1796: Edward Jenner creates a smallpox vaccination
  • 6 Jan 1796—1 Jun 1796: Tennessee
    16th State
  • 14 May 1796—14 May 1796: Dr Edward Jenner gave first vaccination for smallpox in England
20 1797 
  • 1797—1797: England in Crisis, Bank of England suspends cash payments
  • 1797—1797: Mutinies in the British Navy at Spithead and Nore
  • 1797—1797: Tax on newspapers (including cheap, topical journals) increased to repress radical publications
  • 1797—1797: The first copper pennies were produced ('cartwheels') by application of steam power to the coining press
  • 1797—1797: England in Crisis
    Bank of England suspends cash payments{\n}26th February - First £1 note issued by Bank of England{\n}Apr-Jun Mutinees in the British Navy at Spithead and Nore{\n}Tax on Newspapers (including cheap, topical journals) increased to repress radical publicatio
  • 1797—1797: A British inventor, Henry Maudslay invents the first metal or precision lathe
  • 1797—1797: Wittemore patents a carding machine
  • 22 Feb 1797—22 Feb 1797: French invade Fishguard, Wales; last time UK invaded; all captured 2 days later
  • 26 Feb 1797—26 Feb 1797: First ?1 (and ?2) notes issued by Bank of England
  • 4 Mar 1797—4 Mar 1801: John Adams
    John Adams U.S. Presidency John Adams U.S. Presidency
  • 3 Apr 1797—4 Mar 1801: John Adams
21 1798 
  • 1798—1798: First planned human experiment with vaccination, to test theories of Edward Jenner
  • 1798—1800: Franco-American Naval War
    United States vs France
  • 1798—1798: Feb-Oct The Irish Rebellion, -
    100,000 peasants revolt, approximately 25,000 die - Irish Parliament abolished{\n}First planned human experiment with Vaccination, to test theories of Edward Jenner.
  • 1798—1798: Marriage Act
    allows marriages to be legally performed by the Church of Scotland and Anglican, Catholic, Presbyterian, Calvinist and Lutheran Churches
  • 1798—1798: Prince Edward Island created
    Ile St. Jean renamed to Prince Edward Island
  • 1798—1798: Aloys Senefelder invents lithography
  • 1798—1798: The first soft drink invented
  • 9 Jan 1798—30 Sep 1800: Franco-American War
    Franco-American War Franco-American War
  • Feb 1798—Feb 1798: The Irish Rebellion; 100,000 peasants revolt; approximately 25,000 die - Irish Parliament abolished (Feb-Oct)
  • 4 Jul 1798—9 Dec 1817: Mississippi Territory Organized
  • 1 Aug 1798—1 Aug 1798: Battle of the Nile (won by Nelson)
22 1799 
  • 1799—1799: Foundation of Royal Military College Sandhurst by the Duke of York
  • 1799—1799: Foundation of the Royal Institution of Great Britain
  • 1799—1799: 9th January - Pitt brings in 10% income tax
    12th July - Repressive legislation in Britain against political associations and combinations{\n}Foundation of Royal Military College Sandhurst by the Duke of York{\n}Foundation of the Roayl Institution of Great Britain{\n}Post Office New Annual Directory
  • 1799—1799: Alessandro Volta invents the battery
  • 1799—1799: Louis Robert invents the Fourdrinier Machine for sheet paper making
  • 9 Jan 1799—9 Jan 1799: Pitt brings in 10% income tax, as a wartime financial measure
  • 12 Jul 1799—12 Jul 1799: 'Combination Laws' in Britain against political associations and combinations
  • 15 Jul 1799—15 Jul 1799: ?Rosetta Stone' discovered in Egypt made possible the deciphering (in 1822) of Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics
23 1800 
  • 1800—1800: Volta makes first electrical battery
    Volta makes first electrical battery
  • 1800—1800: Herschel discovers infra-red light
    Herschel discovers infra-red light
  • 1800—1800: High pressure steam
    Use of high pressure steam pioneered by Richard Trevithick (1771-1833)
  • 1800—1800: Royal College of Surgeons founded
    Royal College of Surgeons founded
  • 1800—1800: First Electric Light
    Electric light first produced by Sir Humphrey Davy
  • 1800—1800: Count Alessandro Volta invents the battery
  • 1800—1800: Frenchmen, J.M. Jacquard invents the Jacquard Loom
  • 2 Jul 1800—2 Jul 1800: Parliamentary Union
    Parliamentary union of Great Britain and Ireland
  • 5 Jul 1800—10 Dec 1816: Indiana Territory Organized
    Effective date 4 Jul 1800
24 1801 
  • 1801—1801: Elgin Marbles brought from Athens to London
    Elgin Marbles brought from Athens to London
  • 1801—1801: Grand Union Canal opens in England
    Grand Union Canal opens in England
  • 1801—1805: Tripolitan War
  • 1801—1805: Barbary Wars
    Also fought in 1815. United States vs Morocco, Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli
  • 1 Jan 1801—1 Jan 1801: Union Jack becomes the official British flag
    Union Jack becomes the official British flag
  • 4 Mar 1801—4 Mar 1809: Thomas Jefferson
    Thomas Jefferson U.S. Presidency Thomas Jefferson U.S. Presidency
  • 10 Mar 1801—10 Mar 1801: First Census
    First census puts the population of England and Wales at 9,168,000. Population of Britain nearly 11 million (75% rural)
  • 1 Apr 1801—4 Jan 1805: First Barbary War
    First Barbary War First Barbary War
  • 3 Apr 1801—4 Mar 1809: Thomas Jefferson
  • 24 Dec 1801—24 Dec 1801: First passenger Train
    Richard Trevithick built the first self-propelled passenger carrying road loco
25 1802 
  • 25 Mar 1802—25 Mar 1802: Treaty of Amiens signed by Britain, France, Spain, and the Netherlands ? the 'Peace of Amiens' as it was known brought a temporary peace of 14 months during the Napoleonic Wars ? one of its most important cultural effects was that travel and correspondenc
26 1803 
  • 1803—1803: Semaphore signaling perfected by Admiral Popham
  • 1803—1803: Poaching made a Capital offense in England if capture resisted
  • 1803—1803: Richard Trevithick built another steam carriage and ran it in London as the first self-propelled vehicle in the capital and the first London bus
  • 12 1803—9 Dec 1803: 12th Amendment passed by Congress
  • 30 Apr 1803—30 Apr 1803: Louisiana Purchase: Napoleon sells French possessions in America to United States
  • 12 May 1803—12 May 1803: Peace of Amiens ends ? resumption of war with France ? The Napoleonic Wars (1803-18l5)
  • 23 Jul 1803—23 Jul 1803: First public railway opens (Surrey Iron Railway, 9 miles from Wandsworth to Croydon, horse-drawn)
  • 2 1803—19 Feb 1803: Ohio
    17th State
27 1804 
  • 1804—1804: Matthew Flinders recommends that the newly discovered country, New Holland, be renamed 'Australia'
  • 1804—1804: Richard Trevithick, an English mining engineer, developed the first steam-powered locomotive
  • 1804—1804: Freidrich Winzer (Winsor) was the first person to patent gas lighting
  • 21 Feb 1804—21 Feb 1804: Richard Trevithick runs his railway engine on the Penydarren Railway (9.5 miles from Pen-y-Darren to Abercynon in South Wales) this hauled a train with 10 tons of iron and 70 passengers. It was commemorated by the Royal Mint in 2004 in the form of A ?2 c
  • 3 Mar 1804—3 Mar 1804: John Wedgwood (eldest son of the potter Josiah Wedgwood) founds The Royal Horticultural Society
  • 2 Dec 1804—2 Dec 1804: Napoleon declares himself Emperor of the French
  • 12 Dec 1804—12 Dec 1804: Spain declares war on Britain
  • 6 1804—15 Jun 1804: 12th Amendment ratified
28 1805 
  • 1805—1805: London docks opened
  • 3 Mar 1805—29 Apr 1812: Louisiana Territory Organized
    Effective date 4 July 1805
  • 21 Oct 1805—21 Oct 1805: Admiral Nelson's victory at Trafalgar
  • 1 Nov 1805—25 Jan 1837: Michigan Territory Organized
    Effective date 30 Jun 1805
  • 2 Dec 1805—2 Dec 1805: Battle of Austerlitz; Napoleon defeats Austrians and Russians
29 1806 
  • 1806—1806: Dartmoor Prison opened (built by French prisoners)
  • 1806—1806: Le Canadien newspaper founded
    First Québec nationalist newspaper
  • 9 Jan 1806—9 Jan 1806: Nelson buried in St Paul's cathedral, London
30 1807 
  • 25 Mar 1807—25 Mar 1807: Parliament passes Act prohibiting slavery and the importation of slaves from 1808 ? but does not prohibit colonial slavery
  • 3 1807—25 Mar 1807: British abolish slave trade
31 1808 
  • 1808—1808: Gas lighting in London streets
  • 1808—1808: Simon Fraser to Vancouver
    Fraser explores the river to the Pacific
  • 13 Jul 1808—13 Jul 1808: 'Hot Wednesday' ? temperature of 101?F in the shade recorded in London
  • 20 Dec 1808—20 Dec 1808: Beethoven premieres his Fifth Symphony, Sixth Symphony, Fourth Piano Concerto and Choral Fantasy together in Vienna
32 1809 
  • 1809—1809: Humphry Davy invents the first electric light - the first arc lamp
  • 12 Feb 1809—12 Feb 1809: Birth of Charles Darwin
  • 2 Mar 1809—2 Dec 1818: Illinois Territory Organized
    Effective date 1 Mar 1809
  • 4 Mar 1809—4 Mar 1817: James Madison
    James Madison U.S. Presidency James Madison U.S. Presidency
  • 3 Apr 1809—4 Mar 1817: James Madison
  • 18 Sep 1809—18 Sep 1809: Royal Opera House opens in London
33 1810 
  • 1810—1810: John McAdam begins road construction in England, giving his name to the process of road metalling
  • 1810—1810: German, Frederick Koenig invents an improved printing press
  • 1810—1810: Peter Durand invents the tin can
34 1811 
  • 1811—1811: David Thomson charts Columbia River
    Thomson explores and charts Columbia River to the coast
  • 5 Feb 1811—5 Feb 1811: Prince of Wales (future George IV) made Regent after George III deemed insane
  • 11 Jul 1811—7 Nov 1811: Battle of Tippecanoe
    Indian defeat causes Tecumseh to align with British
35 1812 
  • 1812—1815: War of 1812
    United States vs Great Britain
  • 1812—1812: A printed format for parish registers begins
  • 6 Apr 1812—9 Aug 1821: Missouri Territory Organized
    Effective date 7 Dec 1812
  • 8 Apr 1812—4 Aug 1812: Battle of Brownstown
    Ohio Militia from Detroit defeated by Tecumseh's Indians
  • 11 May 1812—11 May 1812: Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval, assassinated ? shot as he entered the House of Commons by a bankrupt Liverpool broker, John Bellingham, who was subsequently hanged
  • 12 Jun 1812—16 Feb 1815: War of 1812
    War of 1812 War of 1812
  • 18 Jun 1812—18 Jun 1812: Start of American 'War of 1812' (to 1814) against England and Canada
  • Oct 1812—Oct 1812: Napoleon retreats from Moscow with catastrophic losses
  • 10 1812—13 Oct 1812: Battle of Queenston Heights
    General Brock killed but U.S. forces defeated after heavy fighting
  • 8 1812—14 Aug 1812: Surrender of Fort Detroit
    General Brock commanding British & Canadian forces with Tecumseh's Indians cause U.s. forces to surrender
  • 6 1812—24 Dec 1814: War of 1812
    United States declares war on Great Britain (and Canada)
  • 11 1812—20 Nov 1812: Battle of Lacolle Mills
    Two groups of U.S forces fight each other by mistake
  • 9 1812—21 Sep 1812: Raid on Gananoque
    U.S. forces enter town, destroy food supplies and remove ammunition
  • 11 1812—28 Nov 1812: Battle of Frenchman's Creek
    U.S forces from Black Rock (Buffalo, NY) invade Fort Erie and are repulsed
  • 8 1812—29 Aug 1812: Earl of Selkirk establishes Red River Colony (Winnipeg)
  • 4 1812—30 Apr 1812: Louisiana
    18th State. Counties known as Parishes.
36 1813 
  • 1813—1813: Jane Austen wrote 'Pride and Prejudice'
  • 1813—1813: Ireland: First recorded '12th of July' sectarian riots in Belfast
  • 1813—1814: Creek War
    United States vs Creek Indians
  • 12 1813—Dec 1813: U.S forces reoccupy Queenston and Chippawa (Niagara)
    Canadian Volunteers (traitors) send Loyalists to U.S. prisons
  • 8 Feb 1813—2 Aug 1813: Battle of Fort Stephenson
    British/Canadian/Indian forces fail in attempt to take fort from U.S. forces
  • 10 May 1813—5 Oct 1813: Battle of the Thames
    U.S. (Harrison) defeats British/Indian forces - Tecumseh dies
  • 6 Jun 1813—6 Jun 1813: Battle of Stoney Creek
    confused fighting results in heavy losses on both sides
  • 6 Aug 1813—8 Jun 1813: Battle of Forty Mile Creek
    U.S forces routed and retreat to Fort George
  • 6 Aug 1813—8 Jun 1813: Skirmish of Butler's Farm (Two Mile Creek)
    U.S Lt. Eldridge and his men ambushed by combined British/Canadian/Indian forces
  • 9 Sep 1813—9 Sep 1813: Battle for Lake Erie
    U.S. naval squadron of 9 ships defeats British 6-ship flotilla
  • 9 Oct 1813—10 Sep 1813: Battle of Lake Erie (Put-in-Bay)
    U.S. navy defeats British ships and takes control of Lake Erie
  • 12 Oct 1813—10 Dec 1813: Burning of Newark (Niagara-on-the-Lake)
    Canadian Volunteers (traitors) and U.S militia burn Newark to the ground
  • 11 Nov 1813—11 Nov 1813: Battle of Crysler's Farm
    U.S forces defeated in attempted invasion of Lower Canada. U.S. forces defeated near Morrisburg by combined Canadian-British forces.
  • 2 1813—22 Feb 1813: Battle of Ogdensburg, NY
    Glengarry Light Infantry attack and take Ogdensburg
  • 6 1813—24 Jun 1813: Battle of Beaver Dam
    Laura Secord warns British of impending attack resulting in surrender of U.S forces at Thorold
  • 5 1813—27 May 1813: Capture of Fort George
    U.S. forces invade Niagara
  • 10 1813—26 Oct 1813: Battle of Chateauguay
    U.S forces defeated in attempted invasion of Lower Canada
  • 4 1813—2 May 1813: Battle of Fort York (Toronto)
    U.S. forces take fort and occupy York for 5 days, plundering and destroying the town by burning
  • 5 1813—24 Jun 1813: Battles of Niagara frontier
    U.S. forces advance into Upper Canada
37 1814 
  • 1814—1814: At the Treaty of Kiel, Denmark is compelled to cede Norway to Sweden
  • 1814—1814: George Stephenson designs the first steam locomotive
  • 1814—1814: Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was the first person to take a photograph
  • 1814—1814: German, Joseph von Fraunhofer invents the spectrocope for the chemical analysis of glowing objects
  • 1814—1814: The first plastic surgery is performed in England
  • 1 Jan 1814—1 Jan 1814: Invasion of France by Allies
  • 7 Mar 1814—3 Jul 1814: Capture of Fort Erie
    British forces manning Fort Erie surrender to overwhelming U.S. odds
  • 3 Apr 1814—20 Aug 1814: U.S. raids into Western Upper Canada
    U.S. forces raid western Lake Erie communities
  • 6 Apr 1814—6 Apr 1814: Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to Elba
  • 7 May 1814—5 Jul 1814: Battle at Chippawa
    U.S. forces take over entire Niagara frontier
  • 13 Aug 1814—13 Aug 1814: Convention of London signed, a treaty between the UK and the Dutch
  • 24 Aug 1814—24 Aug 1814: The British burn the White House
  • 29 Nov 1814—29 Nov 1814: 'The Times' first printed by a 'mechanical apparatus' (at 1100 sheets per hour)
  • 24 Dec 1814—24 Dec 1814: Treaty of Ghent signed ending the 1812 war between Britain and the US
  • 8 1814—17 Sep 1814: Siege at Fort Erie
    British forces fail in their attempt to recover Fort Erie from U.S. forces
  • 7 1814—19 Jul 1814: Battle for Prarie du Chien
    British forces comprised mainly of Indians capture U.S. garrison
  • 7 1814—18 Jul 1814: Burning of St. Davids
    U.S. militia capture St. Davids then loot and burn most buildings
  • 10 1814—20 Oct 1814: Battle of Cook's Mills (Lyons Creek)
    The last battle on Canadian soil
  • 12 1814—24 Dec 1814: Treaty of Ghent
    End of United States - British war of 1812
  • 7 1814—26 Jul 1814: Battle of Lundy's Lane
    The fiercest battle of the U.S.-British war
  • 3 1814—30 Mar 1814: Battle of Lacolle Mills
    U.S. forces defeated in attempted invasion
38 1815 
  • 1815—1815: Trial by Jury established in Scotland
  • 1815—1815: Davy develops the safety lamp for miners
  • 1815—1815: Humphry Davy invents the miner's lamp
  • 2 1815—Feb 1815: British incentive to emigrate to Upper Canada
    Britain encourages 5,000 settlers to leave Britain
  • 3 Mar 1815—24 Sep 1816: Second Barbary War
    Second Barbary War Second Barbary War
  • 18 Jun 1815—18 Jun 1815: The Battle of Waterloo: Napoleon defeated and exiled to St. Helena
39 1816 
  • 1816—1816: Trans-Atlantic packet service begins
  • 1816—1816: Large scale emigration to North America
  • 1816—1816: Climate: the 'year without a summer' ? followed a volcanic explosion of the mountain 'Tambora in Indonesia the previous year the biggest volcanic explosion in 10000 years
  • 1816—1816: Income tax abolished
  • 1816—1816: For the first time British silver coins were produced with an intrinsic value substantially below their face value ? the first official 'token' coinage
  • 12 Nov 1816—11 Dec 1816: Indiana
    19th State
40 1817 
  • 1817—1817: Constable painted 'Flatford Mill'
  • 1817—1817: March of the Manchester Blanketeers; Habeas Corpus suspended
  • 1817—1898: Indian Wars
  • 1817—1817: Census of Nova Scotia
    Nova Scotia census adds place-of-birth question
  • 3 Mar 1817—13 Dec 1819: Alabama Territory Organized
  • 4 Mar 1817—4 Mar 1825: James Monroe
    James Monroe U.S. Presidency James Monroe U.S. Presidency
  • 3 Apr 1817—3 Mar 1825: James Monroe
  • 12 Oct 1817—10 Dec 1817: Mississippi
    20th State
41 1818 
  • 1818—1818: Manchester cotton spinners' strike
  • 1818—1819: First Seminole War
  • 1818—1818: The 49th parallel becomes border
    Canada-US border officially set from Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains
  • 12 Mar 1818—3 Dec 1818: Illinois
    21st State
  • 20 Oct 1818—20 Oct 1818: 'Convention of 1818' signed between the United States and the United Kingdom which, among other things, settled the US-Canada border on the 49th parallel for most of its length
42 1819 
  • 1819—1819: Singapore founded by Sir Stamford Raffles
  • 1819—1819: Britain returns to gold standard
  • 1819—1819: Primitive bicycle, the Dandy Horse, becomes popular
  • 1819—1819: René Laënnec invents the stethoscope
  • 1819—1819: Samuel Fahnestock patents a "soda fountain"
  • 3 Feb 1819—14 Jun 1836: Arkansas Territory Organized
    Effective 4 July 1819
  • May 1819—May 1819: SS 'Savannah' first steamship to cross Atlantic reaching Liverpool 20 June 1819 (26 Days reaching Liverpool 20 June 1819 (26 Days mostly under sail)
  • 16 Aug 1819—16 Aug 1819: Peterloo Massacre at Manchester ? a large, orderly group of 60,000 meets at St. Peter's Fields, Manchester ? demand Parliamentary Reform ? mounted troops charge on the meeting, killing 11 people and and maiming many others
  • 12 1819—14 Dec 1819: Alabama
    22nd State
43 1820 
  • 1820—1820: Abolition of the Spanish Inquisition
  • 1820—1820: Cato Street Conspiracy ? plot to assissinate British cabinet
  • 1820—1820: Cape Breton Island re-annexed to Nova Scotia
  • 1820—1820: Militia land grants
    1812-1814 militiamen entitled to land grants
  • 29 Jan 1820—29 Jan 1820: Accession of George IV, previously Prince Regent
  • 1 Aug 1820—1 Aug 1820: Regent's Canal in London opens
  • 17 Aug 1820—17 Aug 1820: Trial of Queen Caroline to prove her infidelities so George IV can divorce her ? George tries to secure a Bill of Pains and Penalties against her ? Caroline is virtually acquitted because bill passed by such a small majority of Lords
  • 3 1820—15 Mar 1820: Maine
    23rd State
  • 1 1820—20 Jun 1830: George IV
    House of Hanover: Eldest son of George III, Prince Regent, from Feb 1811
44 1821 
  • 1821—1821: Constable paints 'The Hay Wain'
  • 1821—1821: Faraday publishes 'Principles of electro-magnetic rotation'
  • 5 May 1821—5 May 1821: Napoleon Bonaparte dies on St Helena
  • 8 Oct 1821—10 Aug 1821: Missouri
    24th State
45 1822 
  • 14 Jun 1822—14 Jun 1822: Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society
  • 3 1822—2 Mar 1845: Florida Territory Organized
46 1823 
  • 1823—1823: Rubberised waterproof material produced by MacIntosh
  • 1823—1823: Rugby Football 'invented' at Rugby School
  • 1823—1823: Peel begins penal reforms ? death penalty abolished for over 100 crimes
  • 1823—1823: New laws concerning marriage by license ? 'very troublesome' according to some the Act was repealed all in a hurry at the beginning of the next session
  • 1823—1823: Mackintosh (raincoat) invented by Charles Mackintosh of Scotland
  • 2 Dec 1823—2 Dec 1823: US President James Monroe delivers a speech establishing American neutrality in future European conflicts (the 'Monroe Doctrine')
47 1824 
  • 1824—1824: Portland cement patented
  • 1824—1824: RSPCA established
  • 1824—1824: Canada (Land) Company formed
    acquires outstanding Crown reserves
  • 1824—1824: First annual numerical census of Upper Canada
    Census counts 150,066 individuals
  • 1824—1824: Professor Michael Faraday invents the first toy balloon
  • 1824—1824: Englishmen, Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement, the modern building material
  • 4 Mar 1824—4 Mar 1824: Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) founded (called the 'National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck' until 1854)
  • 10 May 1824—10 May 1824: National Gallery in London opens to the public
48 1825 
  • 1825—1825: William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet
  • 4 Mar 1825—4 Mar 1829: John Quincy Adams
    John Quincy Adams U.S. Presidency John Quincy Adams U.S. Presidency
  • 3 Apr 1825—4 Mar 1829: John Quincy Adams
  • 10 May 1825—5 Oct 1825: The Miramichi Fire
    200-500 people killed in fire that destroys the New Brunswick towns of Newcastle and Douglastown
  • 27 Sep 1825—27 Sep 1825: Stockton to Darlington Railway opens ? world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains
  • 6 1825—20 Sep 1825: Lower Canada (Quebec} census
    count of population by family
49 1826 
  • 1826—1826: Red River flooding
    High waters force the complete evacuation of the 10-year-old Red River Colony -- the future Winnipeg, Manitoba
50 1827 
  • 1827—1827: Ohm's Law published
  • 1827—1827: Charles Wheatstone invents the microphone
  • 1827—1827: John Walker invents the modern matches
51 1828 
  • 1828—1828: Naturalization commences
    Naturalization required for non-British persons
  • 11 Jul 1828—1829: Military rolls taken in Canada West (Ontario)
    military records name every soldier from 19 to 39 years of age
  • 25 Oct 1828—25 Oct 1828: St Katharine Docks in London opened (designed by Thomas Telford)
52 1829 
  • 1829—1829: Louis Braille invents his system of finger-reading for the blind
  • 1829—1829: London Metropolitan Police Force formed, nicknamed 'Bobbies' after Sir Robert Peel
  • 1829—1829: Roman Catholics are permitted by law to buy and inherit property and keep records.
  • 1829—1829: Welland Canal opens
    Lake Ontario to Lake Erie canal opens
  • 1829—1829: William Austin Burt patents a typographer, a predecessor to the typewriter
  • 1829—1829: Frenchmen, Louis Braille invents braille printing
  • 1829—1829: American, W.A. Burt invents a typewriter
  • 5 1829—May 1829: Guelph, Ontario, tornado
    tornado destroys many homes
  • 4 Mar 1829—4 Mar 1837: Andrew Jackson
    Andrew Jackson U.S. Presidency Andrew Jackson U.S. Presidency
  • 3 Apr 1829—4 Mar 1837: Andrew Jackson
  • 10 Jun 1829—10 Jun 1829: First Oxford/Cambridge Boat Race
  • 6 Oct 1829—6 Oct 1829: George Stephenson's Rocket wins the Rainhill trials (it was the only one to complete the trial!)
53 1830 
  • 1830—1830: Uprisings and agitation across Europe: the Netherlands are split into Holland and Belgium
  • 1830—1830: Frenchmen, B. Thimonnier invents a sewing machine
  • Jul 1830—Jul 1830: Revolution in France, fall of Charles X and the Bourbons ? Louis Philippe (the Citizen King) on the throne
  • 15 Sep 1830—15 Sep 1830: George Stephenson's Liverpool & Manchester Railway opened by the Duke of Wellington ? first mail carried by rail, and first death on the railway as William Huskisson, a leading politician, is run over!
  • 6 1830—20 Jun 1837: William IV
    House of Hanover: 3rd son of George III, married Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
54 1831 
  • 1831—1831: A list of all parish registers dating prior to 1813 compiled
  • 1831—1831: Marriage Act amended
    allows Baptist, Congregationalist, Methodist, Mennonite, Independent, Dunkers and Moravian clergy to legally perform marriages
  • 1831—1831: American, Cyrus H. McCormick invents the first commercially successful reaper
  • 1831—1831: Michael Faraday invents an electric dynamo
  • 6 Jan 1831—1 Oct 1831: Lower Canada (Quebec) census
    count of population by family
  • 1 Jun 1831—1 Jun 1831: James Clark Ross discovers the North Magnetic Pole
  • 1 Aug 1831—1 Aug 1831: 'New' London Bridge opens (replaced 1973) ? old bridge (which had existed for over 600 years) then demolished
55 1832 
  • 1832—1832: Electric telegraph invented by Morse
  • 1832—1832: Electoral Registers introduced
  • 1832—1836: Texas Revolutionary War
    Texas vs Mexico
  • 1832—1832: Englishmen, Louis Braille invents the stereoscope
  • 4 Jan 1832—1937: Immigrants quarantined at Grosse Isle
    Canada's immigrant quarantine station opens at Grosse Isle
  • 14 May 1832—2 Aug 1832: Black Hawk War
    Black Hawk War Black Hawk War
  • 7 Jun 1832—7 Jun 1832: Reform Bill passed ? Representation of the People Act
  • 6 1832—Sep 1832: Cholera epidemic - Canada West
    First province-wide cholera epidemic
56 1833 
  • 1833—1833: Abolition of slavery
  • Jan 1833—Jan 1833: Britain invades the Falkland Islands
  • 29 Aug 1833—29 Aug 1833: Factory Act forbids employment of children below age of 9
57 1834 
  • 1834—1834: Babbage invents forerunner of the computer
  • 1834—1834: Jacob Perkins invents an early refrigerator (really an ether ice machine)
  • 1834—1834: Henry Blair patents a corn planter, he is the second black person to receive a U.S. patent
  • 7 1834—15 Sep 1834: Cholera epidemic - Canada West
    Second province-wide cholera epidemic
  • 18 Mar 1834—18 Mar 1834: 'Tolpuddle Martyrs' transported (to Australia) for Trades Union activities
  • 1 May 1834—1 May 1834: Slavery abolished in British possessions
58 1835 
  • 1835—1835: First railway boom period starts in Britain construction of Great Western Railway
  • 1835—1835: Christmas becomes a national holiday
  • 1835—1842: Second Seminole War
  • 1835—1835: Englishmen, Francis Pettit Smith invents the propeller
  • 1835—1835: Englishmen, Henry F. Talbot invents Calotype photography
  • 1835—1835: Solymon Merrick patents the wrench
  • 1835—1835: Charles Babbage invents a mechanical calculator
  • 2 Oct 1835—21 Apr 1836: Texas War of Independence
    Texas War of Independence Texas War of Independence
  • 3 Nov 1835—11 Mar 1835: First formal police force
    Canadian police force established in Toronto
59 1836 
  • 1836—1836: First Potato famine in Ireland
  • 1836—1836: Samuel Colt invented the first revolver
  • 30 Jan 1836—30 Jan 1836: Telford's Menai Straits Bridge opened ? considered the world's first modern suspension bridge
  • 25 Feb 1836—25 Feb 1836: Samuel Colt patented the 'revolver'
  • 6 Mar 1836—6 Mar 1836: The Alamo falls to Mexican troops - death of Davy Crockett
  • 11 May 1836—2 Feb 1848: Mexican-American War
    Mexican-American War Mexican-American War
  • Jul 1836—Jul 1836: Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris
  • 6 1836—15 Jun 1836: Arkansas
    25th State
  • 4 1836—28 May 1848: Wisconsin Territory Organized
    Effective date 3 Jul 1836

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